资源描述
Chemical Biologyw What is Chemical Biology?Chemical methods used in Biologyw Why Chemical Biology?Chemistry, Physics Physical ScienceBiology Non-physical Science Promoting Multi-disciplinary Research Science and Technology Development Knowledge Innovation International Academic Exchange Etc. Medical Biology Molecular Biology Cell Biology Molecular Genetics Pathology Virology Bacteriology Neurology Hematology Epidemiology Pharmacology Physiology Microbiology Structural Biology Protein Biology Immunology Etc. Biology Biochemistry Biophysics Biomedicine Bioagriculture Bioanalytical Biodiversity Biomaterials Biopolymer Biocatalysis Etc.w Funds for physical sciences (mostly chemistry, physics, and astronomy) have remained flat while life sciences have soared. w The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been gived to scientists in research of biomacromolecules (DNA, RNA, Proteins) for 3 years.w We can see how important life science is in the domain of Chemistry.w There are some Nobel Prize winners:w The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002Developing New Methods for Visualization of biomacromoleculesw John B.Fennfor the development of methods for identification and structureanalyses of biological macromolecules w Koichi Tanakafor their development of softdesorption ionization methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromoleculesw Kurt Wuthrichfor his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solutionElectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) of a protein John B. Fenn: ESI-MS Koichi Tanaka: MALDI-MS (Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS) Kurt Wuthrich: A wide variety of NMR methods for biomacromoleculesw The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003The structure and function of Ion Channels (bacterial KcsA K+ channel)The K+ channel discriminates against Na+ ionsand pass K+ ions at a rate of 107 to 108 per second.Aaron CiechanoverTechnion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa, Israelb. 1947The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004Avram HershkoTechnion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa, Israel b. 1937(in Karcag, Hungary) Irwin RoseUniversity of California Irvine, CA, USAb 1926 w Ubiquitin a common polypeptide that represents the kiss of death. wUbiquitin-mediated protein degradationw1.The E1 enzyme activates the ubiquitin molecule. This reaction requires energy in the form of ATP. w2.The ubiquitin molecule is transferred to a different enzyme, E2. w3.The E3 enzyme can recognize the protein target which is to be destroyed. The E2-ubiquitincomplex binds so near to the protein target that the actual ubiquitin label can be transferred from E2 to the target. w4.The E3 enzyme now releases the ubiquitin-labelled protein. w5.This last step is repeated until the protein has a short chain of ubiquitin molecules attached to itself. w6.This ubiquitin chain is recognized in the opening of the proteasome. The ubiquitin label is disconnected and the protein is admitted and chopped into small pieces. It is obviously that multi-disciplinary research (e.g. Chemical Biology) always has a good future. For we do research not only with too limited ways of thinking and experimenting but also with other methods absorbed from some subjects else. We can not succeed without knowledge and techniques enough. So try your best in your own specialty, and meanwhile dabble at some other disciplines correlative to your own which may illumine you when trapped. I think it a good idea in study, as we can learn much more in this way.Thanks for listening!Marry Christmas!Happy New Year!
展开阅读全文