2022年考博英语-广西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）第113期

2022年考博英语-广西大学考前拔高综合测试题（含答案带详解）1. 单选题（ ）he（ ）a synopsis of a story（ ）he would summon a crowd of his friendsto his house and read it aloud to them.问题1选项A.No sooner did. have.thanB.As soon as. had thenC.No sooner did .have.thatD.No sooner.had.than【答案】A【解析】句意:他刚有了一个故事的概要，就把一群朋友们叫到家听他朗读。语法题。考查倒装。 “No sooner did （had）.than.”表示 “一就”。此固定结构引导吋间状语从句，位于句首，需要部分倒装。因此只有A正确。2. 单选题There are increasingly fraught relationships that adults are having with children in all walks of life, from the police to politicians, within the public sector and within communities themselves. The fear of young people has changed the way society is policed: how pupils are treated in schools and how insecure adults relate to children on their estates. Rather than children and young people becoming more violent and anti-social, it is adults who have changed, having fewer relationships with young people and becoming less confident in their dealings with them.We must explore the role that crime and safety initiatives have on the outlook of the public. The attempt by government, council departments, the police and many others to reduce the fear within communities by developing safety initiatives is having the opposite effect, resulting in the institutionalization of this fear. Curfews have increased adults fear of young people and reduced the amount of time that young children are allowed out to play. They have raised the level of insecurity amongst parents about the safety of their children and ultimately reduced the contact between generations within this community. It is not far from the truth to say that youth no longer existsif by youth we mean the freedom loving rebelliousness. The outcome of this process is breeding a generation of young people who are if anything more fragile and fearful than their grandparents.Finally, as well as exploring the fear of young people, we must look at the insecurity that parents have for their children. There has been a reduction in play, and specifically in “free play”，and the effect of this more regulated environment on childrens lives is yet to be determined and not something we can continually ignore in our rush to protect society from children.1. The author is mainly directing his message towards（ ）.2. The first paragraph is mainly about（ ）.3. The author sees safety initiatives as part of the problem because（ ）.4. The author believes its possible to say youth no longer exists because（ ）.5. To correct the problem the author discusses we are advised to（ ）.问题1选项A.adults in generalB.the younger generationC.law enforcement authoritiesD.parents问题2选项A.the way younger people have changedB.the change in attitude and treatment towards youthC.the fewer relationships between youth and adultsD.the fear that youth and adults have towards each other问题3选项A.they actually cause more rebelliousnessB.they are unpopular with young peopleC.they worsen relationships and create more fearD.they reduce the play young people can use to expend energy问题4选项A.youth have no more rebellion and freedomB.youth are indistinguishable in character from their grandparentsC.they are not allowed to voice their opinionsD.they do not love freedom they should have问题5选项A.stop being so insecure towards childrenB.let children play moreC.study the roots and effects of our fearD.stop regulating childrens lives【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:A【解析】1.判断推理题。文章主要从几个方而分析和讨论了社会（成年人）对年轻人的恐惧的原因。因此，这篇文章的受众应该是“总体的成年人”。因此选A。2.判断推理题。题干意为:第一段主要讲什么? 第一段主要分析了成年人对孩子的态度改变一一变得关系疏远和没有信心，影响了两者之间的紧张关系。因此B项“对青年的态度和待遇的”正确。3.判断推理题。题干意为:作者把安全措施看作问题的一部分，是因为什么？第二段指出: The attempt by government, council departments, the police and many others to reduce the fear within communities by developing safety initiatives is having the opposite effect, resulting in the institutionalization of this fear (政府、议会者、警察和其-他人通过采取安全措施以减少社区的恐惧，这反而产生负面的结果，进而导致这种对年轻人恐惧的制度化)。Curfews have increased adults fear of young people and reduced the amount of time that young children are allowed out to play (戒严已经增加了成年人对年轻人的恐惧，减少了年轻小伙的外出玩耍时间)。They have raised the level of insecurity amongst parents about the safety of their children and ultimately reduced the contact between generations within this community (他们还在父母们中间提高了关于孩子安全的不安全感。并且，最终减少社区中一代人之间的联系)。因此，C项“他们恶化了关系并且制造更多担忧/恐惧”正确。4.判断推理题。题干意为:作者认为，为什么可以说年轻人不再存在？第二段指出: It is not far from the truth to say that youth no longer existsif by youth we mean the freedom loving rebelliousness. The outcome of this process is breeding a generation of young people who are if anything more fragile and fearful than their grandparents (如果我们的青年意味着热爱自由的叛逆，那么，可以说， 青年不再存在。这一过程的结果是在培养一代年轻人，如果有这种情况的话， 是在培养一代比他们祖父母更脆弱和更恐惧的年轻人)。因此，作者认为，年轻人可以说不再存在，是由于社会的各种管制而导致他们没有青春应该有的热爱自由，变得更加脆弱和恐惧。故选A项“青年人没有更多的叛逆和自由”。5.判断推理题。题干意为:为了纠正作者讨论的问题，我们应该怎么做？最后一段指出: Finally, as well as exploring the fear of young people, we must look at the insecurity that parents have for their children. There has been a reduction in play, and specifically in “free play”，and the effect of this more regulated environment on childrens lives is yet to be determined and not something we can continually ignore in our rush to protect society from children (最后，分析对年轻人的恐惧，我们必须观察父母对孩子的不安全感。在玩耍中，这种不安全感己经减少，尤其在自由玩耍中，更规范的环境对孩子生活的影响尚未确定，而且，在我们急于保护社会不受孩子们干扰的过程中，这也是我们不能继续忽视的东西)。由此可知，A项“停止对孩子产生如此的不安全感”正确。3. 单选题The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been （ ）.问题1选项A.identifiedB.guaranteedC.notifiedD.conveyed【答案】A【解析】句意:尽管某些可能导致癌症的情况已经被证实，但是根本原因还不知道。考查动词辨析。选项均为对应动词的过去分词形式。identify 识别；辨认；认出；guarantee 保证；担保；notify 通知；convey 传达；运送。因此A项符合句意。4. 单选题Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage（ ）.问题1选项A.relativelyB.actuallyC.annuallyD.comparatively【答案】C【解析】句意:洪水每年都造成几十亿美元价值的财产损害。考查副词辨析。relatively相对地；比较地；actually实际上；annually每年；comparatively比较上；相对地。因此C符合句意。5. 单选题This new-type machine（ ）little room.问题1选项A.takes upB.is taken upC.has been taken upD.is taking up【答案】A【解析】句意:这种新机器占很少的空间。语法题。考查时态语态。Take up表示“占据”，此处指新式机器的优点，是对一般事实的描述，因此，动词使用一般现在时。6. 单选题THE old Rack space headquarters was stuffed to the gills. In 2007 the company, which offers （1）and web-hosting services, had more than 1,000 employees in downtown San Antonio. People were crammed at（2）tables in the hallway. They often had to go to a different building or（3）the lifts to talk to people in other departments.Still, when Graham Weston, the companys co-founder and chairman, suggested that they （4）a shopping mall, staff were（5）The mall was vacant. Its site, the encircled suburb of Wind crest, was slightly grotty, not least（6）the huge dead mall right off the highway.Building a campus from scratch, however, would have taken several years at least. Anyway. The place was cheap. “Nobody wants a mall anymore. says John Engates, the chief technology officer. Except Rack space, and others like it, who have come to see a（7） mall as a blank canvas? In 2008 it opened its new headquarters, and won a prize for community economic development. Now it has more than 3,000 workers on site, with plans to hire hundreds（8）by the end of the year.Plenty of enclosed malls are, of course,（9）thriving. And after several abstemious years, shoppers are（10）.In February, according to the Commerce Department, retail sales were 1.1% higher than they had been in January-higher than （11）, and a welcome sign of recovery.But many American malls had（12）before the recession started, and the countrys nascent recovery is not likely to（13）them. Americas retail sector is probably overbuilt; in the fourth quarter of 2011，according to the National Association of Realtors, its（14）rate was 16.9%. Mass are vulnerable to systemic shocks; if an anchor stores closes, or if vacancies linger, other vendors quickly suffer. And（15）the malls that were built in the heyday of the genre are starting to look shop soiled. The new fashion is for mixed-use developments, or the outdoor malls that are designed to look like a friendly downtown shopping district. In some cities, people are returning to actual downtown shopping districts, as new urbanists always dreamed they would.问题1选项A.cloud-computingB.cloud-computedC.cloud-computeD.cloud computer问题2选项A.unfoldingB.foldC.foldingD.folding问题3选项A.shuttle aroundB.go upC.go aroundD.shuttle问题4选项A.go intoB.move intoC.take intoD.walk into问题5选项A.happyB.skepticalC.sadD.depressed问题6选项A.due toB.becauseC.because ofD.as问题7选项A.deadB.dirtyC.greatD.shopping问题8选项A.fewerB.moreC.lesD.little问题9选项A.tillB.evenC.stillD.yet问题10选项A.shrinkingB.reducingC.dropping downD.perking up问题11选项A.expectationB.imaginedC.imaginationD.expected问题12选项A.become troubleB.troublesC.run into troubleD.arouse troubles问题13选项A.findB.reviveC.saveD.help问题14选项A.vacancyB.vacantC.reservedD.hooked问题15选项A.few ofB.many ofC.much ofD.little of【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B第5题:B第6题:C第7题:A第8题:B第9题:C第10题:D第11题:D第12题:C第13题:B第14题:A第15题:B【解析】1.考查词义辨析。And连接空格和“web-hosting services网络托管服务”, 因此此处应该表示“云计算”。故选A项。2.考查词义辨析。根据“crammed塞满的”和空格处所修饰的名词“tables桌子”可知，此处表示“折叠桌”。3.考查短语辨析。shuttle around 穿梭；go up 上升；go around走访；shuttle频繁往来，往返运送。前文谈及地方拥挤，他们需要跑到另一栋楼，而且根据后面的“lift电梯”可知A符合句意。4.考查短语辨析。该处句意为:建议他们搬进商场。Go into 进入，从事；move into 搬进；take into 无此搭配； walk into 走进。故选B项。5.考查形容词辨析。happy 快乐的，高兴的；skeptical 怀疑的；sad 悲哀的，难过的；depressed 抑郁的，沮丧的。此处表示“当公司的创建人之一兼主席Graham Weston表示他们要搬到一家购物中心时，员工们都还持怀疑态度”，故选B项。6.考查短语辨析。空格前后是直接的因果关系，而且空格后是名词性结构，因此选C项。7.考查形容词辨析。前文谈及到“空置的商城”，以及根据后文“as a blank canvas作为一块空白的画布”可知，此处应该选A项“dead死去的；无感觉的；呆板的” 修饰“mall商城”，因此A项正确。8.考查形容词辨析。根据前后可知此处句意为:现在，该公司有3000多名员工，计划年底前再招聘数百名员工。9.考查副词辨析。此处句意为:当然，还是有为数众多的封闭式商场生意依然兴盛。故选C。10.考查动词/动词短语辨析。选项均为对应动词或短语的现在分词形式。根据前半句“And after several abstemious years经历了几年节制消费”，可知，后半句与其形成对比关系，故只有D项“perk活跃起来，回暖”符合句意。11.考查动词辨析。该处句意为:据美国商务部的数据，2月份的零售额同比1月份增加了 1.1%比预期高，是可喜的复苏迹象。此处填入动词expect的过去分词形式表被动。12.考查短语辨析。该处句意为:但是许多美国人开办的购物中心在经济衰退期来临前就已陷入困境。run into trouble 陷入困境。故选C项。13.考查动词辨析。空格所在句由并列连词and引导，根据前半句的关键词“recession萧条”可知，后半句应该填入“复兴”，即此句表示“国家初 期复苏势头不可能得到复苏”。因此B项正确。14.考查形容词辨析。前面句意为:美国的零售业很可能建设过度了,因此推测该处表示“空置率”。故选A。15.考查短语辨析。空格处修饰的名词是“the malls商场”，这是可数名词的复数形式，因此，C和D项排除。前文谈及“购物中心容易遭受系统冲击带来的影响， 其余的商家也很快遭殃”，以及该句表示“还有许多类似在繁荣时期建立的购物中心开始变得陈旧起来”。因此，B项符合句意。7. 单选题The police are trying to（ ）what really happened.问题1选项A.ascertainB.assertC.avertD.ascribe【答案】A【解析】句意:警方正试图弄清到底发生了什么事。考查动词辨析。ascertain查明，弄清；assert 主张，断言，声明，维护，坚持；avert 防止，避免，避开；ascribe 把归于，把 归咎于。因此A符合句意。8. 单选题You shouldnt have written in the（ ）since the book belongs to the library.问题1选项A.intervalB.borderC.marginD.edge【答案】C【解析】句意:你本不应该在空白处写字，因为书是图书馆的。考查名词辨析。interval间隔；间隙；休息时间；border国界；边界；margin页边空白；白边； 边缘；edge边沿；刀刃；锐利。因此C项符合句意。9. 单选题Many novels that attempt to mirror the world are really（ ）of the reality that they represent.问题1选项A.reflectionsB.demonstrationsC.illuminationsD.reproductions【答案】A【解析】句意:许多旨在反映社会生活的小说本身就是所描述现实的写照。考查名词辨析。reflection反映，表现；demonstration表明，证明； illumination 照明，启发，阐明;reproduction意为再现,复制。因此A符合句意。10. 问答题Directions: This pan consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one m each numbered line. You may have to change a word a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided on the Answer Sheet. If you change a word, underline it and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (/) in the right place and write the missing world in the blank.word, underline it and put a slash (/) in the blank.【答案】1.beforeago2.Surprisedsurprising3.doeswith4.season seasonality5.being be6.anany7.apparent apparently8.to /9.on the other hand10.in the the mental hospital【解析】1.常用搭配。seven years ago表示“几年前”。2.形容词误用。此处的形容词是修饰“link”，因此，用surprising表示“令人惊讶的，出乎意料的”更符合搭配。3.固定搭配。as with 和一样。4.固定搭配。be more than +形容词，表示“很、非常”，相当于very;根据后文的also可知，此处应该是be more than+名词，表示“不仅仅是 ”。因此，将形容词seasonal改成名词seasonality （季节性），即“然而，谋杀不只是季节性的”。5.固定搭配。be likely to do sth. 很可能做什么事。因此, being应该改 成动词原形be。6.限定词误用。any表示“任一”之意，与单数可数名词连用。7.词性误用。主语是“our intellectual seasonal cycles”，因此，形容词“apparent”应该 改成副词“apparently”，作状语以修饰整句话，表示“显然地。8.语法题。并列的不定式由and和or连接时，为了避免重复，从第二个不 定式开始，常省略to.因此，此处应该将propose之前的to省略。9.固定搭配。on the other hand 另一方面。10.冠词遗漏。句中已经有单词admissions表示“进入”之意，因此，后面的状语应该只是表示地点:“在医院里”。 因此，此处要加上冠词the。11. 单选题The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,（ ）is often the case in other countries.问题1选项A.asB.whatC.soD.that There are few electronic【答案】A【解析】句意:英国人对于不同的文化和其他的行为方式不是很熟悉，在其他国家情况也是如此。语法题。考查定语从句。逗号后面部分“is often the case in other countries”结构不完整，缺少主语。因此该处应该是非限制性定语从句。因此A项正确，构成表达“as is often the case(是常有的情形)”。12. 单选题We had（ ）wonderful time（ ）the party（ ）other day.问题1选项A.a, on, theB./, at, onC.a, at, theD./, on, /【答案】C【解析】句意:前几天，我在聚会上玩得很开心。考查固定搭配。have a wonderful time 玩得开心。at party 在聚会上。the other day 前几天。13. 问答题Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word, or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided on the Answer Sheet. If you change a word underline it and -write the correct word in the corresponding Blank. If you odd a word, put an insertion mark, (/) in the right place anti write the missing word in blank. If you add a word, underline it and put a slash (/) in the blank.【答案】1.other another2.shopping shop3.or and4.at on5.to /6.are were7.makes making8.without away9.mean means10.discourage encourage【解析】1.固定搭配。One another 互相。2.词性误用。此句中由and并列连接不定式动词短语，因此，将shopping改为动词原形shop。3.连词误用。并列连词or表示选择 “或者”，and表示 “然后，接着”。因此这里应该用and。4.固定搭配。be mad on 对着迷。5.固定搭配。Make sb. do sth.使某人做某事。6.语法题。这是由supposing (that)引导条件句，整句话是过去时态， 因此，that从句中的谓语动词“arent”应该改为“were not”。7.语法题。句子已经有谓语动词was，因此动词make得变成非谓语动词。另外，make与逻辑主语company之间是主动关系。而且，根据并列连词and后面的非谓语形式 “making”可知，此处要将makes改为making。8.固定搭配。该处句意为:假设只有一个商店，你得买它所提供的东 西，根据它的要求付钱，或者离开。你没有真正的选择。Go away表示“走开，离开”，因此将without改为away。9.语法题。考查主谓一致。该句主语是不可数名词“competition(竞争)”。因此谓语动词应该用三单形式。10.动词误用。前面句意为: 供应商之间的竞争意味着消费者可以获得更好的 交易；消费者的选择是影响产品的重要手段。因此此处应该表示的是“消费者鼓励竞争”。14. 单选题You must have waited here for a long time,（ ）you?问题1选项A.mustntB.didntC.haventD.hadnt【答案】C【解析】句意:你一定在这里等了很长时间了，对吗？语法题。考查反义疑问句。句中的反意疑问句是对have waited进行反问，因陈述句部分中有for a long time,即完成时态，故反意疑问句部分要用“havent/ hasnt +主语”。15. 单选题Out of（ ）revenge, he did his worst to blacken her character and ruin her reputation.问题1选项A.perfectB.totalC.sheerD.integral【答案】C【解析】句意:纯粹出于报复，他拼命诋毁她的人品，败坏她的名誉。考查形容词辨析。perfect完美的，纯熟的；total 全部的，整个的； sheer 全然的，纯粹的，十足的；integral 完整的，整体的。因此C项符合句意。16. 单选题The first that he had to do was to（ ）the English thoroughly; and you must know that his was a thing not easy to do.问题1选项A.defeatB.overcomeC.vanquishD.conquer【答案】B【解析】句意:他得做的第一件事是彻底战胜英语，并且你必须知道这不是件容易的事。考查动词辨析。defeat 击败，打败，战胜（对手）；overcome 战胜（某人）， 克服，解决（事情）;vanquish 征服，彻底击败，战胜; conquer 占领，攻克，（比赛中）击败。空格处动词的宾语为English (英语)，因此B符合搭配跟句意。17. 单选题If we fail to act now. said Tom, Well find ourselves（ ）in action later on.问题1选项A.paid backB.paid forC.paid upD.paid off【答案】B【解析】句意:“假如我们不现在采取行动”，汤姆说，“我们会发现自己在以后的行动中付出代价”。考查短语辨析。pay back回报，报答；pay for为付出代价； pay up全部付清；pay off还清债务，清偿欠（某人）的债务。18. 单选题If any man here does not agree with me, he should（ ）his own plan for improving the living conditions of these people.问题1选项A.put onB.put forwardC.put outD.put in【答案】B【解析】句意:如果这里有人不同意我的意见，他应该提出自己的计划，改善这些人的生活条件。考查短语辨析。Put forward表示“提出”，符合句意。19. 单选题Looking ahead, he decided to（ ）his present job.问题1选项A.stick toB.stick upC.stick withD.stick down【答案】A【解析】句意:考虑得长远些，他决定坚持做目前的工作。考查短语辨析。stick to 坚持;stick up 竖起;stick with 继续做；stick down 把写下来，放下。因此A项符合句意。20. 单选题A new technique（ ），the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.问题1选项A.working outB.had been worked outC.having been worked outD.having worked out【答案】C【解析】句意:因为新技术已经解决，所以，整体的产量增长了 20%。语法题。考查非谓语动词。逗号后半句结构已经完整，因此前半句应用非谓语动词。此外，a new technique和work out之间是被动关系，因此，此处应 该是过去分词做状语。因此C项正确。