香港高校图书馆资源共享概述

Slide 1香港高校圖書館資源共享概述香港城市大學圖書館長香港城市大學圖書館長潘華棟博士潘華棟博士Slide 21. 為甚麼要合作2. 合作現況3. 合作趨勢大綱Slide 31. Economic Pressuresvprice for publication (especially serials) escalatedvlibrary budget declined constantly為甚麼要合作？Slide 4-500501001502001986198819901992199419961998Fiscal Year% Change Since 1986Serial Unit Cost (+207%)Serial Expenditures (+170%)Monograph and Serial Costs in ARL Libraries, 1986-1999Monograph Unit Cost (+65%)Monographs Expenditures (+34%)Serials Purchased (-6%)Monographs Purchased (-26%)Source: ARL Statistics 1998-99, Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D.C.Slide 52. Increasing use of Information Technologyvenhances library effectiveness and servicesvexpensive: a drain on reducing budgetvprovides technical capabilities for co-operation為甚麼要合作？Slide 63. Demands from Usersvsophisticated user demand vnew management concepts and techniques為甚麼要合作？Slide 7合作現況Slide 8 An alliance of all libraries funded by the University Grants Committee (UGC) in Hong Kong, comprising the chief librarians.Joint University Libraries Advisory Committee (JULAC)香港高校圖書館咨詢委員會Slide 9HARNET 香港學術及研究網絡JULAC Library Cards 通用圖書証Readers Ticket 讀者證JULAC Book Return Service 圖書館互相還書服務Interlibrary loans 館際互借Collaborative Collection Development 協作式館藏建設Shared cataloguing 編目共享And more 香港高校圖書館咨詢委員會 (JULAC)工作概覽Slide 10Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork(HARNET) 香香港港學術及研究網絡學術及研究網絡Joint Universities Computer Centre (JUCC)Slide 11 香港大學 香港中文大學 香港科技大學 嶺南大學 香港城市大學 香港理工大學 香港浸會大學 香港教育學院大學之間的網絡骨幹虛擬的聯合目錄Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork(HARNET) 香香港港學術及研究網絡學術及研究網絡Slide 12Hongkong Academic and Research NETwork(HARNET) 香香港港學術及研究網絡學術及研究網絡目前, 八所大學都是用相同的圖書館系統 - INNOPAC館際之間的合作更容易和更方便Slide 13Staff no. _JULAC LIBRARY CARDName _Name in Chinese _Institution_Signature _Valid until _JULAC Library Card通用圖書証通用圖書証0111145Chai Tai Ming陳大明City University of Hong KongMay 2001XX22200111BAR CODESHKBUHKUPolyUX 111222333S001234 教學及相等職級行政人員 研究員 研究生Slide 14Readers Ticket讀者證讀者證Name Chan Siu FanHKID No XXXXXLIBRARYReaders TicketNo 211123Valid Until Sept., 2000 Approved by (Librarian)香港城市大學City University of Hong Kong 最後一年之本科生 為期三個月Slide 15JULAC Book Return Service圖書館互相還書服務圖書館互相還書服務 服務對象服務對象 : 所有持有通用圖書証 (JULAC Library Card) 的人士 服務模式服務模式 : 代還讀者自行於各大學圖書館借閱的書籍,目的是減省教職人員及研究員生親自走訪其他大學圖書館的時間Slide 16Interlibrary Loans (ILL)館際互借館際互借教學及相等職級行政人員研究員研究生最後一年之本科生 (只限於文章复印)書本互借文章複印Slide 17Interlibrary Loans (ILL)館際互借館際互借由速遞公司負責於每個工作天(星期一至五)運送八所大學之間的館際互借書本及文件文件傳送文件傳送 快捷: 兩個工作天 準確: 專人送件,避免郵件誤投Slide 18Interlibrary Loans (ILL)館際互借館際互借其他傳送方法其他傳送方法圖文傳真： 傳送急需的文章複印本Ariel: 以電子形式傳送文章複印本圖文傳真圖文傳真ArielSlide 19Ariel 由美國的研究圖書館協會 (RLG - Research Libraries Group) 所建設的文件傳送軟件 把文件素描成電子檔案, 就可利用 Ariel 傳送到其他也裝備有 Ariel 的海外圖書館 http:/www.rlg.org/ariel/index.htmlInterlibrary Loans (ILL)館際互借館際互借Slide 20Slide 21Pearl River Delta Collection Project Management Committee珠江三角洲特藏書庫項目管理委員會Collaborative Collection Development協作式館藏建設協作式館藏建設珠江三角洲特藏書庫Slide 22Collaborative Collection Development協作式館藏建設協作式館藏建設珠江三角洲特藏書庫香港城市大學及嶺南大學共同香港城市大學及嶺南大學共同努力的成果努力的成果Slide 23Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會Collaborative Collection Development協作式館藏建設協作式館藏建設Slide 24委員會架構委員會架構3 Two co-chairs (JULAC Members)3 Representatives from other six UGC-funded librariesCollaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會Slide 25May 99It was set up at a special JULAC meeting to continue and expand the collaborative efforts of the JULAC -known as CCDTF.Dec 99 CCDTF was disbanded and taken over by the CCDSC to continue to serve the JULAC in collaborative collection development.Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會Slide 26June 99A survey among all participating libraries was conducted and a list of electronic resources which weremost wanted to be subscribed viaconsortial efforts was compiled. *工作進程工作進程*Collaborative Collection Development Steering Committee (CCDSC) 協作式館藏建設督導委員會Slide 2753 Titles were identifiedMost Wanted Titles :LEXIS-NEXIS Academic UniverseProQuest 5000 / ABI/INFORM GlobalWeb of ScienceOCLC FirstSearchChina Journal Net*工作進程工作進程*Slide 28 June 99General Guidelines for License Negotiation was compiled and will be continuously refined.Definition of authorized usersAuthorized use of informationRenewalTerminationNon-infringement PricingManagement Technical Support TrainingM a j o r I s s u e s*工作進程工作進程*Slide 29 電子資源項目電子資源項目 訂購訂購 / 續訂日期續訂日期 LEXIS-NEXIS Academic Universe 1999年 10 月 (2000年 9月續訂) ProQuest 5000 Databases 2000年 1 月 (2001年 1月續訂) Web of Science 2000年 1 月 OCLC FirstSearch 2000年 3 月 Oxford University Press Online Journals 2000年 5 月 (2001年 1月續訂) Oxford English Dictionary Online 2000年 9 月 Cambridge Scientific Abstracts (Environmental Sciences Pollution Management Database) 2000年 12 月 ProQuest Digital Dissertations 2001年 1 月 BIOSIS Previews 2000年 1 月 協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC)以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目Slide 30協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC)計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目電電子子資資源源項項目目 進進展展狀狀態態 Social Sciences Collection 協 商 接 近 完 成 PsycINFO 協 商 接 近 完 成 WiseNews 協 商 接 近 完 成 MCB Emerald e-journals 協 商 接 近 完 成 China Journal Net (CJN) 中國期刊網 已向大學教育資助委員會申請經費 Slide 31協作式館藏建設督導委員會 (CCDSC)計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目計劃以圖書館同盟方式採構的電子資源項目 電電 子子 資資 源源 項項 目目 進進 展展 狀狀 態態 Blackwell Science e-journals 協 商 在 進 行 中 Kluwer Academic Press e-journals 協 商 在 進 行 中 IEEE Xplore 協 商 在 進 行 中 SciFinder 協 商 在 進 行 中 ScienceDirect e-journals 協 商 在 進 行 中 Ei Compendex 協 商 在 進 行 中 INSPEC 協 商 在 進 行 中 EBSCO Databases 協 商 在 進 行 中 netLibrary e-books 協 商 在 進 行 中 Slide 32末來計劃末來計劃 Joining International Coalition of Library Consortia (ICOLC) (with about 150 library consortia from around the world). Linking up with overseas consortia, e.g., NELINET (with more than 600 member libraries). Organizing seminars and training courses.Slide 33主題主題： Electronic Resources Consortial Initiatives日期日期： 2001年 5月11日 (星期五)地點地點： 香港城市大學Seminar專題研討會“the whole is greater than the sum of its part”. JULAC fosters collaboration and synergy among libraries .“the whole is greater than the sum of its part”. JULAC fosters collaboration and synergy among libraries .“the whole is greater than the sum of its part”. JULAC fosters collaboration and synergy among libraries .Slide 34Shared Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials Project中文資料編目共享項目Mid-95Task Force on Cataloguing of Chinese Materials, comprising representatives from all UGC libraries, was formed on JULACs recommendation to study the feasibility of establishing a system of cooperative cataloguing.Slide 35CN-MARCC-MARCLC CJK MARC(1)To establish a resource database of CN-MARC (China), C-MARC (Taiwan), LC CJK MARC, and a mechanism for sharing cataloguing data of Chinese language materials among UGC member libraries.Resource Database目標目標 : :Shared Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials Project中文資料編目共享項目Slide 36(2) To provide the most effective use of cataloguing efforts of participating libraries, particularly original cataloguing, and to provide a mechanism which allows ease of transfer of records thus minimizing duplication of cataloguing work among member institutions.目標目標 : :(3) To further enhance existing interlibrary loans and resources sharing.Slide 37Task Force on Co-operative Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials中文資料編目合作專責小組Nov 95Proposed to create a resource database comprising records from C-MARC, CN-MARC, LC CJK MARC and to allow each participating library to search this resource database with Z39.50 client/server software.Feb 96The proposal was approved and supported by UGC.Oct 96Contract was signed with software vendor (III).Slide 38Nov 96Hardware and operating system of the Project were installed to house the central resource database.May 97Testpac for the Project was completed.May 99The Project started to be implemented.Task Force on Co-operative Cataloguing of Chinese Language Materials中文資料編目合作專責小組Slide 39HKCANHKCAN中文名稱規範合作中文名稱規範合作- -香港的提議香港的提議Slide 40美國國會圖書館名稱規范數據庫 Library of Congress Name Authority (LCNA) 香港圖書館多採用 USMARC中文資料用 Wade-Giles 拼音著錄LCNA包涵約 300萬條名稱規範記錄所有記錄皆以拉丁字母著錄Slide 41缺乏漢字缺乏漢字Shi shi shi shi shi shi, shi shi, shi shi shi shi Shi shi shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi shi shi, shi shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi shi shi shi shi, shi shi shi Shi shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi, shi shi shi shi shi shi shi shi shi shi shi Shi shi shi shi Slide 42漢字原文漢字原文Slide 43中英並重中英並重u香港是個雙語社會u很多作者，以中、英雙語寫作u也有刊物，以中、英雙語出版u以兩筆規範記錄作參見，費工費時Slide 44標目缺乏唯一性標目缺乏唯一性Li, ChiSlide 45混合式標目混合式標目Original Chinese Names LCNA Headings China. Chung-kuo jen min chieh fang chn Tzu-hsi, Empress dowager of China T ang Tai-tsung, Emperor of China 中文名稱中文名稱LCNA 記錄記錄Slide 46本地雙語作家本地雙語作家OriginalChi. NamesLC HeadingsWang, Y-chienChou, Yung-hsinLiu, Chao-chiaSinn, ElizabethForms appear most frequentlyin publications / Wong Yue Chim / Nelson W.S. Chow / Lau Siu Kai / Elizabeth Sinn中文名稱中文名稱LC 的標目的標目著作著作 / / 資料中常見的名稱資料中常見的名稱Slide 47各施各法各施各法!u若仍依賴若仍依賴 LCNA 提供中文規範記提供中文規範記錄，似乎是反客為主錄，似乎是反客為主u中文資料缺乏外包公司提供服務，中文資料缺乏外包公司提供服務，規範工作遂由各館自行建立規範工作遂由各館自行建立Slide 48香港圖書館的規範標目香港圖書館的規範標目w 各圖書館自行決定規範形式，大家都是各圖書館自行決定規範形式，大家都是權威，影響並不嚴重權威，影響並不嚴重w 但在網絡環境下，標目的差異，增加跨館但在網絡環境下，標目的差異，增加跨館書目檢索的漏檢率和誤檢率書目檢索的漏檢率和誤檢率Slide 49在在Z39.50Z39.50，用檢索，結果如下：，用檢索，結果如下：720I IN N N N O O P P A A C C Z Z 3 3 9 9 . .5 5 0 0 S S E E A A R R C C H H I IN N G G 0 0 1 1 L L N N U U 0 0 2 2 C C i it ty y U U 0 0 3 3 C C U U H H K K . . . 0 0 4 4 H H K K B B U U . . . 0 0 5 5 H H K K I IE E d d . . . 0 0 6 6 H H K K U U . . 0 0 7 7 H H K K U U S S T T 0 0 8 8 P P o o l ly y U U F F O O U U N N D D2 2 1 11 1 1 12 2 2 2 9 91 1 2 2 7 71 1 3 33 3 0 0 0 01 1 2 27 7Slide 50在在Z39.50Z39.50，用，用 檢索，結果如下：檢索，結果如下：I IN N N N O O P P A A C C Z Z 3 3 9 9 . .5 5 0 0 S S E E A A R R C C H H I IN N G G 0 0 1 1 L L N N U U 0 0 2 2 C C i it ty y U U 0 0 3 3 C C U U H H K K . . . 0 0 4 4 H H K K B B U U . . . 0 0 5 5 H H K K I IE E d d . . . 0 0 6 6 H H K K U U . . 0 0 7 7 H H K K U U S S T T 0 0 8 8 P P o o l ly y U U F F O O U U N N D D0 05 51 1 3 3 4 45 51 1 3 3 3 31 18 80 0286Slide 51各館標目的差異，各館標目的差異，阻礙跨館檢索及阻礙跨館檢索及聯合編目的進行聯合編目的進行Slide 52Hong Kong Chinese Authority (Name) WorkgroupSlide 53HKCANHKCANSlide 54多多(More)快快(Faster)好好(Better)省省(Cheaper)Slide 55多多：增加規範資料來源 (More)快快：加速建立中文規範記錄 (Faster)好好：在跨館檢索中,使標目達到一致化 (Better)省省：通過合作,節省各自建庫的成本 (Cheaper)目標目標Slide 56規範工作展望規範工作展望1.1.與書目數據庫線上連接與書目數據庫線上連接Slide 57書目記錄 100 1 李瑞騰 245 10 文學的出路 /$c 李瑞騰著 260 臺北市 :$b 九歌出版社,$c1994 規規範範記記錄錄100 1 $a李李瑞瑞騰騰670 $a文文學學的的出出路路, 1994 $bt.p. (李李瑞瑞騰騰著著)2.2.自動產生規範記錄自動產生規範記錄規範工作展望規範工作展望Slide 58多語言、多文字、多用途多語言、多文字、多用途可在可在WebWeb介面上運作介面上運作多語言、多文字、多用途多語言、多文字、多用途可在可在WebWeb介面上運作介面上運作規範記錄的未來規範記錄的未來Slide 59w 大陸、台灣正生產、整編規範記錄供各圖書館使用w LCNA (Library of Congress Name Authority)：成功在於合作精神w NACO (Name Authority Cooperative)：200所圖書館合作w 共建類似 LCNA 般具影響力的數據庫，有賴兩岸三地的通力合作進一步的館際合作Slide 60合作趨勢Slide 61 香港各大學圖書館之間的合作層面仍然未夠廣泛和深入 中央性的運作(Central functions) 可以更整合更整合(integrated) 和 更連結更連結 (linked)Slide 62“. a much more highly integrated operation where key central functions of the co-operating libraries are linked .” (David Kohl, 1997)合作趨勢Slide 63will become part of a 合作趨勢Slide 64Superlibrary Information MosaicILLINET OnlineIllinois Library Computer Systems Organization (ILCSO): a consortium of 45 Illinois librariesMELVYLUniversity of California SystemOhioLINKA consortium of 79 member libraries which include Ohios college and university libraries and the State Library of OhioSlide 65OhioLINKan integrated central catalogue as the platform for all sorts of consortium-wide operations: cataloguing circulation collection development document deliveryoperating on INNOPAC library systemSlide 66 A model for academic libraries?all university libraries in Hong Kong are using the INNOPAC systempossible to form a technically and functionally integrated consortiumOhioLINK A model for academic libraries? A model for academic libraries?Slide 671. A Consortium-wide User-initiated Circulation System合作趨勢HKUSTPolyUHKULCHKIEdCHUK User-initiated (讀者主導) circulation functionality “Circulation” : not a local function but a consortium-wide function Policy issues have to be straightened outCityU讀者主導Slide 682. A Consortium-wide Central CatalogueUnion Catalogue合作趨勢 Z39.50 software a virtual union catalogue only reliability still under questionUnion Catalogue a consortium-wide central catalogue facilitates consortial circulation and cataloguingSlide 693. A Consortium-wide Document Delivery System Individual in-house ILL automation systems: not integrated involve a lot of tedious procedures A consortium-wide ILL System: automatic transmission of requests to counterparts electronically within the same system on-line enquiries about status of requests submitted central records of all ILL transactions and statistics合作趨勢Slide 704. Consortium-wide Collection DevelopmentAdvantages :better position - to secure government funding to bargain for better contract termsa consortium set up to save hardware and maintenance cost合作趨勢Slide 71UP TO NOWEnd UsersHome Library(as intermediary)OutsideAgents(Request)(Request)(Delivery)(Delivery)Slide 72(Delivery)Advantages:speeds up the processsaves staff costHome Library(as intermediary)End UsersOutsideAgentsFUTURE(Request)Slide 73Library Co-operationBetter, faster, easier access to moreSlide 74謝 謝