资源描述
专题一记叙文型完形填空专题二 夹续夹议型完形填空专题三 议论文型完形填空专题四 说明文型完形填空模块模块 2 2完形填空完形填空 模块模块 2 2完形填空完形填空考纲解读模块模块 2 2 考纲解读考纲解读 完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。它要来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。它要求学生不仅要熟练掌握语法知识结构，词语的用法特点和求学生不仅要熟练掌握语法知识结构，词语的用法特点和短语的搭配习惯，还必须具有良好的阅读能力和较强的分短语的搭配习惯，还必须具有良好的阅读能力和较强的分析判断能力，能从语篇水平角度出发，贯通上下文，既要析判断能力，能从语篇水平角度出发，贯通上下文，既要考虑形式上的完整，又要考虑意义上的完整，找到正确答考虑形式上的完整，又要考虑意义上的完整，找到正确答案。完形填空题材广泛，它涉及日常生活、文史知识、科案。完形填空题材广泛，它涉及日常生活、文史知识、科技小品、政治、经济、人物、社会、故事等各个方面。体技小品、政治、经济、人物、社会、故事等各个方面。体裁主要是记叙文、说明文和议论文。它的命题原则是裁主要是记叙文、说明文和议论文。它的命题原则是“以以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化”。命题特点模块模块 2 2 命题特点命题特点 从近年来的高考试题看，高考完形填空试题具有如下从近年来的高考试题看，高考完形填空试题具有如下特点：特点： 1 1完整性完整性 尽管文章有意挖去了一些词或短语，使信息链中断，尽管文章有意挖去了一些词或短语，使信息链中断，造成间隔性的语义空白，但仍不失为一篇表达完整的文章。造成间隔性的语义空白，但仍不失为一篇表达完整的文章。完形填空题一般为记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议的文章。记完形填空题一般为记叙文、说明文和夹叙夹议的文章。记叙文具有很强的故事性，故事情节涉及时间、地点、人物、叙文具有很强的故事性，故事情节涉及时间、地点、人物、过程、结局等基本要素。说明文一般开篇点题，段落之间过程、结局等基本要素。说明文一般开篇点题，段落之间承上启下，过渡自然连贯。无论哪种体裁，都提供完整的承上启下，过渡自然连贯。无论哪种体裁，都提供完整的语篇信息。语篇信息。模块模块 2 2 命题特点命题特点 2 2实词性实词性 完形填空题的设置以意义完形为主，惯用搭配和语完形填空题的设置以意义完形为主，惯用搭配和语法完形为辅。所给选项以实词为主，虚词为辅。而对实法完形为辅。所给选项以实词为主，虚词为辅。而对实词的考查又以考查情景意义为主。如动词、名词、形容词的考查又以考查情景意义为主。如动词、名词、形容词等占很大比重，而介词的考查多以习语、惯用法等形词等占很大比重，而介词的考查多以习语、惯用法等形式出现。式出现。 3 3同类性同类性 同类性是指所给的四个选项都基本上属于同一种词同类性是指所给的四个选项都基本上属于同一种词性，要么都是名词，要么都是动词。如动词或者都是现性，要么都是名词，要么都是动词。如动词或者都是现在分词，或者都是过去式等。这种题型要求同学们要从在分词，或者都是过去式等。这种题型要求同学们要从所给词语本身的意义和用法入手进行分析，逐一排除错所给词语本身的意义和用法入手进行分析，逐一排除错误的或不太妥当的选项，最终确定最佳答案。误的或不太妥当的选项，最终确定最佳答案。模块模块 2 2 命题特点命题特点 4 4语境性语境性 “ “词不离句，句不离文词不离句，句不离文”是完形填空最突出的一个特是完形填空最突出的一个特点。很多时候，所给的四个选项从语法角度来看都正确，点。很多时候，所给的四个选项从语法角度来看都正确，或者没有明显的语法错误，单独从此空所在的句子很难或者没有明显的语法错误，单独从此空所在的句子很难做出判断。题目的设置绝大多数是就近暗示，如关键词、做出判断。题目的设置绝大多数是就近暗示，如关键词、短语，甚至是标点符号，都有可能是答题的突破口。如短语，甚至是标点符号，都有可能是答题的突破口。如 and, or, however, but and, or, however, but 等前后连接成分的同义或反义等前后连接成分的同义或反义关系；关系； that is, in other words that is, in other words 等的解释说明作用；等的解释说明作用；还有的以句子形式出现，通过上下句的对照可找到答案。还有的以句子形式出现，通过上下句的对照可找到答案。模块模块 2 2 命题特点命题特点 5 5推理性推理性 近年来，完形填空越来越侧重考查学生根据上下文近年来，完形填空越来越侧重考查学生根据上下文所提供的信息进行语言逻辑推理判断的能力。因此，题所提供的信息进行语言逻辑推理判断的能力。因此，题目的设置有朝深层结构或语境化方向发展的趋势。每个目的设置有朝深层结构或语境化方向发展的趋势。每个题目所提供的四个选项中只有一个是目标项，其他均为题目所提供的四个选项中只有一个是目标项，其他均为干扰项。这要求学生不仅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息，干扰项。这要求学生不仅要捕捉上下文乃至全文的信息，而且要按照事物的发展规律、前因后果等进行综合分析而且要按照事物的发展规律、前因后果等进行综合分析判断，推断正确的答案。判断，推断正确的答案。模块模块 2 2 命题特点命题特点 6 6常识性常识性 还有些题目的设置无论从词汇、语法、惯用法还是还有些题目的设置无论从词汇、语法、惯用法还是语境方面都可行，这种情况下，就需要学生借助于常语境方面都可行，这种情况下，就需要学生借助于常识或某些背景知识来解决问题。我们不仅要熟练掌握识或某些背景知识来解决问题。我们不仅要熟练掌握所学知识，具有一定的边缘学科知识，还要了解英语所学知识，具有一定的边缘学科知识，还要了解英语文化和风俗习惯等，养成跨文化思维意识。文化和风俗习惯等，养成跨文化思维意识。题型分类模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点，以篇章理完形填空的命题思想是将词汇用法作为重点，以篇章理解为基础，考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。根据解为基础，考核学生的语法知识和对词汇的运用能力。根据这一命题思想，我们可以将题型大致细化为：这一命题思想，我们可以将题型大致细化为： 一、词汇辨析型一、词汇辨析型 词汇是语言的最基本单位。在语言的综合运用过程中，词汇是语言的最基本单位。在语言的综合运用过程中，选用正确得体的词更加能够传情达意。所以，词汇的辨析选选用正确得体的词更加能够传情达意。所以，词汇的辨析选用就尤为重要，同时，词汇辨析题在英语高考中占有很大的用就尤为重要，同时，词汇辨析题在英语高考中占有很大的比例。词的辨析主要考查实义词，包括对名词、动词、形容比例。词的辨析主要考查实义词，包括对名词、动词、形容词、副词等词类的辨析，旨在考查考生对实义词的意义和用词、副词等词类的辨析，旨在考查考生对实义词的意义和用法的掌握情况，以及对它们之间细微差异的辨析能力。所提法的掌握情况，以及对它们之间细微差异的辨析能力。所提模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类供的选项通常是近义词、同义词或近形词。从对近几年供的选项通常是近义词、同义词或近形词。从对近几年的高考试题的分析来看，对名词的考查点主要为同义辨的高考试题的分析来看，对名词的考查点主要为同义辨析与反义辨析；对动词的测试点集中在动词短语的搭配析与反义辨析；对动词的测试点集中在动词短语的搭配与惯用法上，而形容词则是考查作定语和作表语的形容与惯用法上，而形容词则是考查作定语和作表语的形容词的区别，形容词的比较级和最高级等。如果说单项填词的区别，形容词的比较级和最高级等。如果说单项填空中的词汇辨析题是仅仅立足于独立的空中的词汇辨析题是仅仅立足于独立的“语句语句”的考查，的考查，那么完形填空中的词汇辨析题则是完全地依托于丰富的那么完形填空中的词汇辨析题则是完全地依托于丰富的“语篇语篇”的考查。从这个角度上讲，完形填空命题的设的考查。从这个角度上讲，完形填空命题的设置其实是单项填空试题的拓展和升华，因此其难度也可置其实是单项填空试题的拓展和升华，因此其难度也可想而知。解题时要注意在特定的语境中区分各种实词的想而知。解题时要注意在特定的语境中区分各种实词的语义差别。语义差别。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例20102010浙江浙江 Years later, when I stood Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my _wanted to make my _1 1_ Christmas there special _ Christmas there special and memorable, I _and memorable, I _2 2_ remembered the womens _ remembered the womens visit. I decided that I wanted to create that visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of _same feeling of _3 3_ for as many children as I _ for as many children as I could possibly reach. could possibly reach. 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 So I _So I _4 4_ a plan and gathered forty people _ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (orphans (孤儿孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every ) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, _toys, clothes, and school supplies, _5 5_ with a _ with a childs name. We wanted all of them to know they childs name. We wanted all of them to know they were _were _6 6_. Before I called out their names and _. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I _handed them their gifts, I _7 7_ them that they _ them that they couldnt open their presents _couldnt open their presents _8 8_ every child had _ every child had come forward. come forward. 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 Finally the _Finally the _9 9_ they had been waiting for _ they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presentsyour presents！” ” As the children opened their As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles _smiles _1010_ up the room. _ up the room. ( ()1.A.present)1.A.presentB Bfirstfirst C Crecent Drecent Dpreviousprevious( ()2.A.hardly B)2.A.hardly Binstantlyinstantly C Cregularly Dregularly Doccasionally occasionally ( ()3.A.strength B)3.A.strength Bindependenceindependence C Cimportance Dimportance Dsafetysafety模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()4.A.kept up with B)4.A.kept up with Bcaught up withcaught up with C Ccame up with Dcame up with Dput up with put up with ( ()5.A.none B)5.A.none Bfewfew C Csome Dsome Deach each ( ()6.A.fine B)6.A.fine Bspecialspecial C Chelpful Dhelpful Dnormal normal ( ()7.A.reminded B)7.A.reminded Bguaranteedguaranteed C Cconvinced Dconvinced Dpromisedpromised模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()8.A.after B)8.A.after Buntil until C Cwhen Dwhen Dsincesince( ()9.A.chance B)9.A.chance Bgiftgift C Cmoment Dmoment Drewardreward( ()10.A.lit B)10.A.lit Btooktook C Cburned Dburned DCheeredCheered 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要讲述了本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，主要讲述了贫穷孩子因圣诞礼物而引发的特殊情感体验，歌颂互相贫穷孩子因圣诞礼物而引发的特殊情感体验，歌颂互相关爱的人性之美。本文的命题选项典型地体现了词汇辨关爱的人性之美。本文的命题选项典型地体现了词汇辨析的特点。析的特点。 1 1B B本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文，提到是本题考查形容词辨析。联系上下文，提到是new housenew house，肯定选择，肯定选择firstfirst，此时表达作者想让自己在，此时表达作者想让自己在新家过的第一个圣诞节有意义。故选择新家过的第一个圣诞节有意义。故选择B B。 2 2B B本题考查副词辨析。根据四个选项的意思，本题考查副词辨析。根据四个选项的意思，联系上下文，可了解当时作者那种激动的心情，所以应联系上下文，可了解当时作者那种激动的心情，所以应该是立即该是立即(instantly)(instantly)就想到了那件让她难忘的事情。故就想到了那件让她难忘的事情。故选择选择B B。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 3 3C C本题考查名词辨析。根据第一段中描述那次圣诞本题考查名词辨析。根据第一段中描述那次圣诞节礼物给我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她想让圣诞节礼物节礼物给我的感慨，和作者此刻的心情，她想让圣诞节礼物使孩子们认识到自己的重要性。使孩子们认识到自己的重要性。 4 4C C本题考查动词短语辨析。从上一段可以推断，是本题考查动词短语辨析。从上一段可以推断，是“我我”提出提出(came up with)(came up with)了一个让了一个让“我我”公司的四十个人公司的四十个人来帮忙的计划。来帮忙的计划。 5 5D D本题考查不定代词辨析。根据作者的想法，应该本题考查不定代词辨析。根据作者的想法，应该是每个人都有自己的圣诞节礼物，所以选择每个人是每个人都有自己的圣诞节礼物，所以选择每个人(each)(each)。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 6 6B B本题考查形容词辨析。每个人都有属于自己本题考查形容词辨析。每个人都有属于自己的礼物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是给孩子们的礼物，而且不是固定的，所以作者的意思是给孩子们启示：每个人都是独一无二的。启示：每个人都是独一无二的。 7 7A A本题考查动词辨析。从下文的本题考查动词辨析。从下文的“One, two, One, two, three. Open your presentsthree. Open your presents！”可知，此时在分发礼物可知，此时在分发礼物时，时，“我我”提醒每个人先不要打开礼物。提醒每个人先不要打开礼物。 8 8B B本题考查连词辨析。选择本题考查连词辨析。选择untiluntil，直到每个人，直到每个人都拿到礼物。都拿到礼物。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 9 9C C本题考查名词辨析。根据下文的意思，此处本题考查名词辨析。根据下文的意思，此处表达大家等待的拆礼物的时刻到来了，故选择表达大家等待的拆礼物的时刻到来了，故选择momentmoment。 10 10A A本题考查动词辨析。根据文章的上下文：本题考查动词辨析。根据文章的上下文：他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间，所以选择他们灿烂的笑容照亮了整个房间，所以选择lightlight的过的过去式去式litlit。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 二、语法结构型二、语法结构型 近年来高考完形填空中单纯考查语法知识的题很少，只是近年来高考完形填空中单纯考查语法知识的题很少，只是偶尔出现一两道。对语法结构的考查主要集中在定语从句偶尔出现一两道。对语法结构的考查主要集中在定语从句( (连连接词，限定与非限定定语从句的区别，定语从句与其他主从复接词，限定与非限定定语从句的区别，定语从句与其他主从复合句的区别合句的区别) )，状语从句，非谓语动词，状语从句，非谓语动词( (动词不定式、现在分词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词过去分词、动名词) )，时态，时态， 语态以及一些特殊句型，如并列语态以及一些特殊句型，如并列句、省略句、倒装句等以及一些词类之间的搭配知识，如名词句、省略句、倒装句等以及一些词类之间的搭配知识，如名词需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰；需要形容词、名词、冠词、非谓语动词、词组及定语从句修饰；动词需要副词词组修饰；及物动词后应加宾语等。此类题除了动词需要副词词组修饰；及物动词后应加宾语等。此类题除了要求考生具有系统准确的语法知识之外，还要注意上下之的逻要求考生具有系统准确的语法知识之外，还要注意上下之的逻辑关系和语篇内容，辑关系和语篇内容， 这样才能确保答题的准确率。这样才能确保答题的准确率。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例1 120102010天津天津 Deeply touched by the Deeply touched by the boys word, Moody decided to create a foundation boys word, Moody decided to create a foundation ( (基金会基金会)that _)that _1 1_ teenagers to the basics of _ teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw _saw _2 2_ there was violence, drugs were always _ there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging _behind it. They have a damaging _3 3_ on the _ on the kidskids，” ” says Moody.says Moody.( ()2.A.where)2.A.where B Bunlessunless C Cas Das Dwhetherwhether模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 A A本题考查本题考查wherewhere引导地点状语从句。引导地点状语从句。本句意为本句意为“在有暴力的地方，其后也总有毒品在有暴力的地方，其后也总有毒品”。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例2 220092009湖北湖北 Mrs. McNamara kept all Mrs. McNamara kept all of our written work in files; it was easy to of our written work in files; it was easy to see the _see the _1 1_ in writing that had occurred. _ in writing that had occurred. What was not so easy to see was the inner What was not so easy to see was the inner transformation that had taken place, at least transformation that had taken place, at least for me. What Mrs. McNamara _for me. What Mrs. McNamara _2 2_ me to do was _ me to do was to see myself as others see me and, having to see myself as others see me and, having done that, I could improve myself. And I _done that, I could improve myself. And I _3 3_. _. Thank you, Mrs. McNamara. Thank you, Mrs. McNamara. ( ()3.A.did B)3.A.did Bcould could C Chad Dhad Dwould would 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 A A本题考查助动词的功能。根据上文本题考查助动词的功能。根据上文I I could improve myselfcould improve myself可知应使用可知应使用diddid代替代替improvedimproved，即即“我的确发展了自我我的确发展了自我”，不能选择，不能选择couldcould，因为此处，因为此处强调的是动词强调的是动词improveimprove本身而并非本身而并非“could”could”。 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例3 320092009福建福建 Children find meanings in Children find meanings in their old family tales. their old family tales. When Stephen When Stephen GuyersGuyers three children were three children were growing up, he told them stories about how his growing up, he told them stories about how his grandfather, a banker, _grandfather, a banker, _1 1_ all in the 1930s, _ all in the 1930s, but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In but did not lose sight of what he valued most. In one of the darkest times _one of the darkest times _2 2_ his _ his strongmindedstrongminded grandfather was nearly _grandfather was nearly _3 3_， he loaded his he loaded his family into the car and _family into the car and _4 4_ them to see family _ them to see family members in Canada with a _members in Canada with a _5 5_，“there are more there are more important things in life than money. ” important things in life than money. ” 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 ( ()2.A.when B)2.A.when Bwhile while C Chow Dhow Dwhy why 【解析解析】 A A本题考查定语从句。根据句法可以判断本题考查定语从句。根据句法可以判断此空是定语从句，先行词是此空是定语从句，先行词是timestimes，所以要用，所以要用whenwhen，相当，相当于于in whichin which。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 三、习惯搭配型三、习惯搭配型 习惯用法是语言在长期的使用过程中不断演化、习惯用法是语言在长期的使用过程中不断演化、积累的结果，其内容十分丰富，包括介词词组、动词积累的结果，其内容十分丰富，包括介词词组、动词短语、名词词组、词的固定搭配等。习惯用法是学习短语、名词词组、词的固定搭配等。习惯用法是学习的难点，也是完形填空题中的常见题型。很多时候，的难点，也是完形填空题中的常见题型。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对语段在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对语段搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。对习惯用法的掌握应注意平时多阅读，逐步积累。息。对习惯用法的掌握应注意平时多阅读，逐步积累。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例1 120102010天津天津 Deeply touched by the boys Deeply touched by the boys word, Moody decided to create a foundation(word, Moody decided to create a foundation(基金基金会会)that _)that _1 1_ teenagers to the basics of fishing in _ teenagers to the basics of fishing in camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw _camping programs. “As a policeman, I saw _2 2_ _ there was violence, drugs were always behind it. there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damaging _They have a damaging _3 3_ on the kids_ on the kids，” ” says says Moody.Moody.( ()3.A.impression B)3.A.impression Bburdenburden C Cdecision Ddecision Dimpactimpact模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 D D考查习惯搭配。本空中考查习惯搭配。本空中have an impact onhave an impact on是一个固定短语，意为是一个固定短语，意为“对对有影响有影响”。因此选择。因此选择D D项。本项。本题属于题属于“名词与介词名词与介词”的一种搭配，学习是要善于总结规律，的一种搭配，学习是要善于总结规律，从而形成较好的语感意识。又如：与从而形成较好的语感意识。又如：与toto搭配的名词：搭配的名词：the the key/answer/visit/apology/introduction/waykey/answer/visit/apology/introduction/way(to)(to)；与；与forfor搭配的名词有：搭配的名词有：wish/desire/hope/prize/respectwish/desire/hope/prize/respect(for)(for)；与；与onon搭配的名词：搭配的名词：pity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/inpity/mercy/congratulation/effect/advice/impression/influencefluence(on)(on)等等。等等。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例2 220102010四川四川 Well Well，that few minutes that few minutes turned into about turned into about fourfivefourfive minutes, including minutes, including a ride that would make a roller coaster(a ride that would make a roller coaster(过山车过山车) ) _1 1_ by comparison._ by comparison.( ()1.A.light B)1.A.light Bpalepale C Ceasy Deasy Dquickquick模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 B B考查习惯搭配。本文记述了作者一次因考查习惯搭配。本文记述了作者一次因开会去拉斯维加斯时，飞机因沙尘暴而延时降落，在不断开会去拉斯维加斯时，飞机因沙尘暴而延时降落，在不断延长的等待中，成人焦急、害怕，唯独不知恐惧的婴儿在延长的等待中，成人焦急、害怕，唯独不知恐惧的婴儿在享受着过山车一样的颠簸。本空中享受着过山车一样的颠簸。本空中makemakepale by pale by comparison comparison 意为意为“使使相形见绌相形见绌”，此处用以强调飞机，此处用以强调飞机在空中极不稳定。在空中极不稳定。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例3 320102010湖北湖北 It had been a year since It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of _she was suddenly thrown into a world of _1 1_. _. Susans husband Mark watched her _Susans husband Mark watched her _2 2_ into _ into hopelessness and he was _hopelessness and he was _3 3_ to use every possible _ to use every possible means to help his wife.means to help his wife.( ()3.A.inspired B)3.A.inspired Bdetermineddetermined C Chonored Dhonored Dpleasedpleased模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 【解析解析】 B B考查习惯搭配。本文主题讲的是一个盲考查习惯搭配。本文主题讲的是一个盲人乘客的故事。本句意为：苏珊的丈夫决定用一切可能人乘客的故事。本句意为：苏珊的丈夫决定用一切可能的办法帮助她恢复到以前的生活。的办法帮助她恢复到以前的生活。be determined to do be determined to do sthsth. .是一个固定搭配，意为是一个固定搭配，意为“下决心做某事下决心做某事”。 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 四、四、 语篇逻辑型语篇逻辑型 完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，提供必要的理解文章大意和而且，这里往往包含主题句，提供必要的理解文章大意和主要内容的线索。此外，还要注意把握文章发展的基本线主要内容的线索。此外，还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段落和句子之间的逻辑关系。完形填空是具有完索，搞清段落和句子之间的逻辑关系。完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段各句之间都有逻整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，辑上的必然联系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系( (连接词有连接词有andand，whilewhile等等) )；转折关系；转折关系( (连接词有连接词有butbut，howeverhowever，thoughthough，whereaswhereas，neverthelessnevertheless等等) )；因果关系；因果关系 ( (连接词有连接词有soso，thereforetherefore，thusthus，because, forbecause, for，sincesince，asas等等) )；让步关系；让步关系( (连接词有连接词有thoughthough，althoughalthough，despite, in spite ofdespite, in spite of等等) )；条件关系条件关系( (连接词有连接词有ifif，unless, onceunless, once，provided thatprovided that，in in case ofcase of等等) )；解释关系；解释关系( (连接词有连接词有i.e.i.e.，that is to say, in that is to say, in other wordsother words等等) )；顺序关系；顺序关系( (连接词有连接词有beforebefore，afterafter，andand，firstfirst，secondsecond，thenthen，nextnext，finallyfinally等等) )。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 例例20102010北京北京 I met Mrs. I met Mrs. NeidlNeidl in the ninth in the ninth grade on a grade on a stagedesignstagedesign team for a play and she was team for a play and she was one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. one of the directors. Almost instantly I loved her. She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of She had an unpleasant voice and a direct way of speaking, _speaking, _1 1_ she was encouraging and inspiring. _ she was encouraging and inspiring. For some reason, she was impressed with my work and For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.me.模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 Mrs. Mrs. NeidlNeidl would ask me for my _ would ask me for my _2 2_. She _. She wanted to know how I thought we should _wanted to know how I thought we should _3 3_ _ things. At first I had no idea how to answer things. At first I had no idea how to answer because I knew _because I knew _4 4_ about stage design! But I _ about stage design! But I slowly began to respond to her _slowly began to respond to her _5 5_. It was cause _. It was cause and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I and effect: She believed I had opinions, so I began to _began to _6 6_ them. She trusted me to complete _ them. She trusted me to complete things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved things, so I completed them perfectly. She loved how _how _7 7_ I was, so I began to show up to paint _ I was, so I began to show up to paint more and more. She believed in me, so I began to more and more. She believed in me, so I began to believe in myself.believe in myself.模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 Mrs. Mrs. NeidlsNeidls _ _8 8_ that year was, “Try it. _ that year was, “Try it. We can always paint over it _We can always paint over it _9 9_！” ” I began to I began to take _take _1010_. I had been so afraid of failing but _. I had been so afraid of failing but suddenly there was no failingonly things to be suddenly there was no failingonly things to be _1111_ upon. I learned to dip my brush into the _ upon. I learned to dip my brush into the paint and _paint and _1212_ create something._ create something. She taught me not to _ She taught me not to _1313_ what people think _ what people think I should do: She taught me to take chances and not I should do: She taught me to take chances and not be _be _1414_. Mrs. _. Mrs. NeidlNeidl was my comforter when I was was my comforter when I was upset. Her _upset. Her _1515_ in me has inspired me to do _ in me has inspired me to do things that I never imagined _things that I never imagined _1616_. _. 模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()1.A.and B)1.A.and Byetyet C Cso Dso Dforfor( ()2.A.opinion B)2.A.opinion Bimpressionimpression C Cinformation Dinformation Dintentionintention( ()3.A.make B)3.A.make Bkeepkeep C Chandle D. change handle D. change ( ()4.A.anything B)4.A.anything Bsomethingsomething C Ceverything D. nothingeverything D. nothing( ()5.A.questions B)5.A.questions Bcomments comments C Cexplanations Dexplanations Dremarksremarks模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()6.A.hold B)6.A.hold Bfollowfollow C Cevaluate Devaluate Dformform( ()7.A.happy B)7.A.happy Blivelylively C Creliable Dreliable Dpunctualpunctual( ()8.A.message B)8.A.message Bmotto motto C Csaying Dsaying Dsuggestionsuggestion( ()9.A.again B)9.A.again Bmoremore C Cinstead Dinstead Dlaterlater( ()10.A.steps B)10.A.steps Bcontrolcontrol C Ccharge Dcharge Drisksrisks模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()11.A.improved B)11.A.improved Bactedacted C Clooked Dlooked Dreflected reflected ( ()12.A.easily B)12.A.easily Bcarefullycarefully C Cconfidently Dconfidently Dproudlyproudly( ()13.A.accept B)13.A.accept Bcarecare C Cjudge Djudge Dwonderwonder( ()14.A.bored B)14.A.bored Blazy lazy C Csad Dsad Dafraidafraid( ()15.A.trust B)15.A.trust Bpatience patience C Ccuriosity Dcuriosity Dinterestinterest模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类( ()16.A.accessible B)16.A.accessible Benjoyableenjoyable C Cpossible Dpossible DFavorableFavorable 【解析解析】 本文是一篇励志文章，通过本文是一篇励志文章，通过“我我”的经的经历，说明了勇气、自信、尝试和信任的重要性。本文在历，说明了勇气、自信、尝试和信任的重要性。本文在命题上最佳地表现了命题上最佳地表现了“语句、语段、语篇语句、语段、语篇”之间的逻辑之间的逻辑联系，是一篇典型的联系，是一篇典型的“语篇逻辑型语篇逻辑型”的完形填空。的完形填空。模块模块 2 2 题型分类题型分类 1 1B B考查语段理解。前面考查语段理解。前面unpleasant voice unpleasant voice 和和 direct way of speakingdirect way of speaking是消极意向，后面是消极意向，后面encouraging encouraging 和和 inspiringinspiring是积极意向，因此需填转折连词，四个选项是积极意向，因此需填转折连词，四个选项中，中，andand表并列，表并列，soso表结果，表结果，forfor表原因，只有表原因，只有B B选项选项yetyet表表转折。转折。 2 2A A考查语篇理解。第二段第二句话考查语篇理解。第二段第二句话“她想知道我她想知道我认为我们该怎样处理事情认为我们该怎样处理事情”直接提示了这个空应该选
展开阅读全文