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翻译下列句子，说出翻译下列句子，说出it 在句中表示的意在句中表示的意思。思。1. 明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宫，但它在明朝和清朝的皇帝曾住在故宫，但它在1925年的时候被变成了博物馆。年的时候被变成了博物馆。 The emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties used to live in the Palace Museum. But _ in 1925. (it表示：表示：_ )it was turned into a museumthe Palace Museum第1页/共42页2. 有这么多形状不寻常的岩石真是神奇。有这么多形状不寻常的岩石真是神奇。 _ that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes. (it表示：表示：_ )3. 从我家到学校大约从我家到学校大约3公里。公里。 _ from my home to my school, (it表示：表示：_ )It is amazingthat 从句的内容从句的内容It is about 3 kilometres距离距离 第2页/共42页4. 租一辆自行车，骑着它环游乡村也很租一辆自行车，骑着它环游乡村也很受欢迎。受欢迎。 _ a bike and ride around the countryside. (it表示：表示：_ _Its also popular to hire hire a bike and ride around the countryside第3页/共42页Uses of it用法一用法一Using it as a pronoun用法二用法二Using it as an impersonal pronoun用法三用法三Using it to replace the real subject or object第4页/共42页We use it for animals and lifeless things.Using it as a pronoun第5页/共42页第6页/共42页We use it for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy.第7页/共42页We use it for an unknown person.第8页/共42页We use it for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement.第9页/共42页第10页/共42页第11页/共42页1. 指代动物或无生命的东西。指代动物或无生命的东西。第12页/共42页The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks.第13页/共42页Yesterday we visited the Summer Palace and spent about three hours in it. The palace is a Chinese garden and mainly includes a hill and a lake. The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area. It was frozen, so we could not row a boat there. It was really a pity. 1._2. _3. _4. _ _the Summer Palacethe lakethe lakewe could not row a boat第14页/共42页Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. The lions are all different from each other. Isnt it amazing? While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. It was my mum. I told her that the Summer Palace was well worth visiting.5. _6. _7._the bridgeThe lions are all different from eachother.an unknown person第15页/共42页有时并不指具体的东西，可指有时并不指具体的东西，可指天气、气候、地点、天气、气候、地点、温度、时间、距离、日期温度、时间、距离、日期等。等。 Using it as an impersonal pronoun第16页/共42页it作非人称代词1. 指天气。 e.g. Its raining.2. 指时间。 e.g. Its half past eight.3. 指环境。 e.g. Its quiet here.4. 指距离。 e.g. How far is it from your home to your office?第17页/共42页The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it.第18页/共42页1. Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning. _. We left Beijing for Shanghai early in the morning.2. Shanghai is about 1, 300 kilometres from Beijing. _ from Beijing to Shang hai.It is 22 February todayIt is about 1, 300 kilometres第19页/共42页3. I woke up at 5 a.m. this morning. _ when I woke up this morning. 4. I felt a little cold when we went out. The temperature was only 2. I felt a little cold when we went out. _.5. Winter is very cold and dry in Beijing. In winter, _.It was 5 a.m.It was only 2 it is very cold and dry in Beijing 第20页/共42页6. We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day. _ when we arrived in Shanghai.7. We got to our hotel at noon. _ when we got to our hotel.8. Our hotel is not far from the Bund. _ from the Bund to our hotel.It was noonIt is not farIt was a sunny day 第21页/共42页Using it to replace the real subject or objectSometimes we use it to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. In this situation, we put the real subject or object later in the sentence in the form of a to-infinitive or a clause.第22页/共42页e.g. It is very tiring to climb the steps. It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside. It is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes in the cave. Many people find it pleasant to travel around.第23页/共42页Useful structures with itIt is + adjective + (of/ for) + toIt takes some time toIt is said/ reported/ thatthink(s)/ find(s) it easy/ difficult/ to第24页/共42页it作形式主语或形式宾语有时为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放到句子的后面。1. 形式主语。 e.g. Its his duty to look after the sick boy.2. 形式宾语。 e.g. I find it quite easy to get on with Tom.第25页/共42页第26页/共42页It is very tiring to climb the steps.It is popular to hire a bicycle and ride around the countryside.第27页/共42页a. It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。 常见的有： bad ， brave ， careless， clever ， cruel ， foolish ，stupid ， wise wrong等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. 。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 第28页/共42页 b. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. 常见的形容词有： important， necessary， natural , easy ， safe ，common ，normal ，hard ， difficult ,dangerous ， 等。 It is important for her to come to the party. 做.要花费某人. It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 第29页/共42页 特殊句式 It is said (reported， learned.) that . 据说（据报道，据悉）“。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. 第30页/共42页Many people find it pleasant to travel around.We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可 称该句型为6123结构。 6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1指的是形式宾语it； 2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3指的是真正宾语的三种形式： 第31页/共42页 He felt it important to learn English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. 第32页/共42页Miss Thompson, a British teacher travelling with the exchange students, is writing down what she thinks about Shanghai. Help her complete her notes with it.第33页/共42页Traffic: The traffic is often busy, but public transport here is quite good, so _ (easy) for people to get around. Weather: _ (sunny) and warm. We like _ here.Environment: _ (said) that the air is not clean here, but I do not think the pollution is as serious as I imagined.it is easyIt is sunnyitIt is said第34页/共42页Signs: Shanghai is beautiful. _ (fun) to ride around the city and visit the interesting places. Food: Chinese food is delicious. I will ask my family to go to a Chinese restaurant and try _ when I get back. Its funit 第35页/共42页Hotel: We all think _ (comfortable) to stay in this hotel. They provide a high level of service.People: The local people are friendly. _ (kind) of them to answer all our questions.its comfortableIts kindn. 水平n. 服务，工作第36页/共42页1. The lake is very big it takes up three quarters of the area. 湖很大，占了四分之三的面积。 take up 占据（空间）；占用（时间） e.g. The table takes up too much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。 quarter n. 四分之一第37页/共42页2. Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge. There are many stone lions on either side of it. 湖上有一座十七孔桥，桥两边有很多石狮子。 倒装句。表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。 e.g. On the wall are pictures. 注意：主语为代词时不倒装。 e.g. Out he rushed.第38页/共42页either det. & pron. 两者之一either or 不是就是on either side of = on both sides ofe.g. You may take either of the roads. 两条路你随便走哪一条。 Tom is going to buy either a guitar or a piano. 汤姆不是要买一把吉他就是一架钢琴。第39页/共42页下列句中it的用法是什么？选出对应选项。( ) 1. Its Tuesday today.( ) 2. Its two miles to the beach.( ) 3. Yesterday I bought a bag. Its red.( ) 4. Its better to be early.a. 刚提到的东西 b. 所未见或未知的人 c. 动物 d. 天气 e. 时间 f. 环境 g. 距离 h. 作形式主语或形式宾语egah第40页/共42页( ) 5. Its cold today.( ) 6. Its Lilys dog.( ) 7. I think it necessary to visit Mr Wang.( ) 8. It gets very crowded here in the summer.( ) 9. Oh, by the way, there was a telephone call for you. Who was it?ia. 刚提到的东西 b. 所未见或未知的人 c. 动物 d. 天气 e. 时间 f. 环境 g. 距离 h. 作形式主语或形式宾语dcbf第41页/共42页感谢您的观看！第42页/共42页
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