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优化句子的四种常用方法优化句子的四种常用方法篇章结构连贯的常用词语篇章结构连贯的常用词语整合信息的十种语言手段整合信息的十种语言手段优化句子的四种常用方法优化句子的四种常用方法一、同位语手段一、同位语手段二、运用并列句二、运用并列句三、运用短语三、运用短语四、运用从句四、运用从句此方法多用于介绍人物、事物或地点等。此方法多用于介绍人物、事物或地点等。例例1 介绍事物介绍事物(2008广东广东)背景：背景：射击最初只是生存工具，射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末世纪末才发展成为一项体育运动。才发展成为一项体育运动。Shooting, a means of survival originally, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. 同位语手段同位语手段例例2介绍人物介绍人物(2009广东广东)时间时间: 上周末上周末 对象对象: 眼科医生眼科医生(eye-doctor)王教授王教授主题主题: 我国中小学生近视我国中小学生近视(eye-sightedness)问题问题 Last weekend, I had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of the school children in China. 例例3介绍地点介绍地点姓名姓名：李华：李华身份身份：育才中学学生：育才中学学生职位职位：学生会主席：学生会主席校址校址：你们大学附近：你们大学附近Im Li Hua, Chairman of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university.1.(翻译翻译)李敏是个女孩子李敏是个女孩子,今年今年18岁岁, 她在光她在光华中学学习华中学学习,她是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。她是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。运用运用1. Li Ming, a girl of 18, my neighbour and my best friend, is studying in Guanghua Middle school. 2.(整合整合)Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province. It is located in the middle of Guangdong Province. It is the culture and economy center of Guangdong Province.2. Guangzhou, the capital and the culture and economic center of Guangdong Province, is located in the middle of Guangdong.3. (整合整合)Zhang Hai is male. He is 23 years old. He graduated from Hunan Normal University last year.3. Zhang Hai , male, 23 years old, graduated from Hunan Normal University last year.常用的并列连词有常用的并列连词有and, but, or, otherwise, nor, so, yet, however, for, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, (and) then, since等。等。运用并列句运用并列句例例4他不喜欢音乐，也不喜欢运动。他不喜欢音乐，也不喜欢运动。一般一般 He doesnt like music. He doesnt like sports, either.高级高级 He likes neither music nor sports.例例5我不喜欢他，他很自私。我不喜欢他，他很自私。一般一般 I dont like him. He is selfish.高级高级 I dont like him, for he is selfish.4.He works hard himself. He encourages us to work hard, too.运用运用 用连接词整合下列句子。用连接词整合下列句子。4. He not only works hard himself but also encourages us to work hard.5.These glasses are very expensive. Please be careful with them.5. Please be careful with the glasses, for they are very expensive.6.Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols. 48% of the boys favor sports stars. 6.Half of the girls choose film and TV stars as their idols while 48% of the boys favor sports stars. 7.According to the professor, the cause of short-sightedness is very complicated. No medicine can cure it. 7. According to the professor, the cause of short-sightedness is very complicated, so no medicine can cure it. 8. I am good at expressing myself. I have the language advantage over others. 8. Not only am I good at expressing myself but I also have the language advantage over others. 例例6我很惊讶，一切进展得那么顺利。我很惊讶，一切进展得那么顺利。 一般一般 I was surprised. Everything went on very well.高级高级 To my surprise, everything went on well.运用短语运用短语根据具体情况我们可以用现在分词、过去分词，介词短语、根据具体情况我们可以用现在分词、过去分词，介词短语、不定式短语等。不定式短语等。例例7她回到舞厅。她寻找丢失的项链。她回到舞厅。她寻找丢失的项链。一般一般 She went back. She wanted to find her lost necklace.高级高级 She went back to find her lost necklace.例例8故事是用简单的英语写的，很受英语故事是用简单的英语写的，很受英语初学者的欢迎。初学者的欢迎。一般一般 The stories are written in simple English. They are popular with English beginners高级高级 Written in simple English, the stories are popular with English beginners.9.He was ill. He didnt go to school. 运用运用 用短语整合句子。用短语整合句子。9. Being ill, he didnt go to school.10.The man is singing a song. He is my brother.10. The man singing a song is my brother.11.Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest. It will be held on June 5. 11. Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held on June 5.12.After she listened to me for a while, she gave me a big smile and said she liked my voice very much. 12. After listening to me for a while, she gave me a big smile, saying she liked my voice very much. 例例9废水被直接排放河里废水被直接排放河里,河水被严重污染。河水被严重污染。一般一般 Waste water is directly let into the river. The river is seriously polluted.高级高级 The river is seriously polluted because waste water is directly let into the river.运用从句运用从句最常用的是状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句和定语从句最常用的是状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句和定语从句.例例10他病得很重，这让我着急。他病得很重，这让我着急。一般一般 He was seriously ill. It made me worried.高级高级 That he was seriously ill made me worried. He was seriously ill, which made me worried.运用运用 用从句整合下列句子。用从句整合下列句子。13.He never lost a game. I was really astonished.13. I was really astonished that he never lost a game.14.Li Hua is my classmate. His English is very good.14. Li Hua is my classmate, whose English is very good.15.As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol. His inventions have greatly changed our life.15. As for myself, Thomas Edison is my idol because his inventions have greatly changed our life. 或或As for myself, Thomas Edison, whose inventions have greatly changed our life, is my idol. 16.Currently China has about 350 million smokers. Among these smokers 75% are men and 25% are women. 16. Currently China has about 350 million smokers, among whom 75% are men and 25% are women.17.We are now living in an information age. TV, cells and the Web are widely used in this age. 17. We are now living in an information age in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used.需要注意的是，我们在写需要注意的是，我们在写作时，不要一味地追求复作时，不要一味地追求复杂句型，能简则简，能用杂句型，能简则简，能用短语，就不用从句。在句短语，就不用从句。在句式多样的前提下，尽量做式多样的前提下，尽量做到精练。到精练。温馨提示温馨提示:例例11我到家后马上给他打电话。我到家后马上给他打电话。一般一般 After I got home, I called him at once.较好较好 After getting home, I called him at once.例例12我正在餐桌旁吃饭，一个人朝我我正在餐桌旁吃饭，一个人朝我走了过来，那个人戴着一顶黑帽子。走了过来，那个人戴着一顶黑帽子。复杂复杂 I was eating at the table when a man who was wearing a black hat came up to me.简明简明 When I was eating at the table, a man wearing a black hat came up to me.综合练习综合练习下面是广东下面是广东2008年高考英语试题基础年高考英语试题基础写作的内容，请用上面所讲的四种方法整合句子。写作的内容，请用上面所讲的四种方法整合句子。18. Shooting was originally a means of survival. It developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. The sport first appeared in 1896. None were contested during the 1904 and 1928 Games. The sport returned to the Olympics in 1932. Women were first allowed to compete in the Olympic shooting in 1968. The sport had just three events at the 1896 Olympic Games. Now it has 17 shooting events.18. Shooting, which was originally a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. The sport first appeared in 1896, but none were contested during the 1904 and 1928 Games. The sport returned to the Olympics in 1932. Women were first allowed to compete in the Olympic shooting in 1968. The sport has grown steadily from just three events at the 1896 Olympic Games to 17 today.
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