高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 基础语法巧学巧练 专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气课件

专题六情态动词和虚拟语气专题六情态动词和虚拟语气怎么考在语篇中考查：1.情态动词的基本用法(情感、态度和推测)；2.某些情态动词的“偏义”用法，如：shall，must，wont等；3.虚拟语气的考查。怎么学在平时的阅读与学习中，注意情态动词的基本用法，掌握虚拟语气的句型公式。怎么解细心体会上下语境，把握作者或语篇中人物的情感态度，然后确定情态动词的选择。.体验考向用适当的情态动词或所给单词的适当形式填空1.(2016北京卷)I love the weekend，because I_get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.2.(2016浙江卷)George _(go) too far .His coffee is still warm.3.(2015湖南卷)That is，you _ always rely just on the Internet for your research.4.(2015北京卷)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really_go now.My daughter is home alone.5.(2015江苏卷)It might have saved me some trouble _ I known the schedule.6.(2015天津卷)I wish I _(be)at my sisters wedding last Tuesday，but I was on a business trip in New York then.7.(2015陕西卷)You _feel all the training a waste of time，but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.8.(2015重庆卷)Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway wouldnt _(write)his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.答案1.neednt考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为每逢周六、周日我不需要早起。2.cant have gone考查情态动词。句意：乔治不可能已经走得太远。他的咖啡温乎。cant have done表示对过去否定的推测，意为“不可能做了”。3.shouldnt那就是你不应该总是仅依靠网络来进行研究。根据语境和句意得知表示不应该，故用shouldnt。4.must考查情态动词。句意：你就不能多待会儿吗？天晚了，我现在必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家呢。 5.had考查虚拟语气。句意：要是知道安排，我可能会省去一些麻烦。这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语使用had done的形式，此句是将had提前，省略if的形式。6.had been考查虚拟语气。句意：我真希望上周二参加我妹妹的婚礼，但是那时我正好在纽约出差。wish后面跟从句时，从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气。7.may考查情态动词。句意：你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我百分之百确信，你以后会感激自己做过的一切。8.have written考查虚拟语气。句意：如果海明威没有战争经历的话，他就不会写出著名的小说永别了，武器。此处表示对过去发生的事情的虚拟，介词短语without.相当于if he hadnt had his wartime experiences，故主句谓语要用wouldnt have done。.考点集训集训单句语法填空1.(2015重庆卷)You _be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.2.(2015福建卷)Sorry，Mum！I failed the job interview again.Oh，its too bad.You _(make) full preparations.3.(2015安徽卷)It is lucky we booked a room，or we would _(have) nowhere to stay now.4.(2014重庆卷)Ive ordered some pizza，so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.5.(2014湖南卷)If Mr.Dewey _ (be) present，he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.6.(2013四川卷)Why are your eyes so red？You cant _ (sleep) well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.7.(2012广东卷)He walked in as if he _ (buy) the school.8.(2012重庆卷)_ you interrupt now？Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir，but its urgent.答案1.must2.should have made3.have4.neednt5.had been6.have slept7.would buy8.Must集训根据提示用适当的情态动词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会情态动词的用法。Miss Fang _1_ (can not) read for very long without getting a headache.Her mother told her that she _2_ go to the Health Service and see a doctor.“You _3_ see a doctor as soon as possible，”she said.“You _4_ need glasses.”When Miss Fang had free time，she went to the Health Service.The appointment clerk said that the doctor _5_ see her at 3：30.Miss Fang replied that she _6_ not be able to be there at 3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor _7_ take you at about ten to four，” the appointment clerk suggested.“_8_ I put you down for ten to four，or _9_ you rather come tomorrow？”Miss Fang thought she _10_ (shall not) waste any more time.The teacher _11_ be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little early，as he was always so kind to everyone.And she replied，“I think I _12_ make it at ten to four.”Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher，“_13_ I leave at 3：45 today？I _14_ have an eye examination.”As expected，the teacher said，“Yes，of course you _15_.”答案1.couldnt2.should3.should4.might5.could 6.would7.might8.Shall9.would10.shouldnt 11.shouldnt12.can13.May/Can14.must15.can知识胸有成竹一、情态动词的6种特殊用法1.can/could的否定式与比较级连用表示最高级。2.can/could的否定式与enough或too(much)连用表示“再也不为过”。3.must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑问句或条件状语从句。4.may/might as well表示“最好；不妨”。5.would可表示过去的习惯，与used to相比，前者常表示过去反复的动作，后者常表示过去的状态或习惯，现在已不复存在。6.should有时表示说话人对某事感到意外、惊奇，意为“竟然会”。 二、“情态动词have done”的2类用法1.对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测must have done(过去过去)一定一定；语气比较肯定；语气比较肯定；用于肯定句用于肯定句may(might) have done(过去过去)可能可能；语气不确定；语气不确定；用于肯定句和否定句用于肯定句和否定句can (could) have done用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑用于否定句和疑问句，表示怀疑或不确定或不确定2.表示“与过去事实相反”could have done过去本可以做某事但实际上没做过去本可以做某事但实际上没做neednt have done过去本不必做某事但实际上做了过去本不必做某事但实际上做了ought to/should have done过去本应该做某事但实际上没做过去本应该做某事但实际上没做oughtnt to/shouldnt have done过去不应该做某事但实际上做了过去不应该做某事但实际上做了might have done过去可能做某事但实际上没做过去可能做某事但实际上没做三、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中的4种情况1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用类别类别从句谓语动词从句谓语动词主句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事与现在事实相反实相反过去式过去式(be用用were)should/would/could/might动词原形动词原形与过去事与过去事实相反实相反had过去分词过去分词should/would/could/mighthave过去分词过去分词与将来事与将来事实相反实相反过去式过去式(be用用were)should/would/could/might动词原形动词原形should动词原形动词原形were to动词原形动词原形2.虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装如果虚拟条件句中含有were/had/should，有时可把if省略，把were/had/should提到主语之前形成倒装；若为否定形式，not不可提前。3.错综时间条件句有时条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调整。4.含蓄条件句有时假设的情况不用条件句表达，而是用but for，without等介词(短语)来表达或用连词or，otherwise等暗示后文与前面情况相反。四、虚拟语气用于名词性从句中的4种条件1.在“It isimportant/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/a pitythat.”句型中，谓语动词用(should)动词原形。2.在would rather(that)后的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词如果表示现在或将来要发生的动作，从句用一般过去时；如果表示过去发生的动作，从句用过去完成时。3.句中含有以下单词或变形时，该句中的名词性从句(宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句)部分常用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。4.wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气从句谓语动词从句谓语动词与现在事实相反与现在事实相反过去式过去式(be动词一般用动词一般用were)与过去事实相反与过去事实相反had过去分词过去分词与将来事实相反与将来事实相反would/could动词原形动词原形五、3个特定句式中的虚拟语气句型结构句型结构过去虚拟过去虚拟现在虚拟现在虚拟将来虚拟将来虚拟if only引导的条件引导的条件句及感叹句句及感叹句had过过去分词去分词过去式过去式(be动词动词一般用一般用were)would/could/should/might动词原动词原形形as if/though引导引导的表语从句及方的表语从句及方式状语从句式状语从句had过过去分词去分词过去式过去式(be动词动词一般用一般用were)would/could/should/might动词原动词原形形It is(high) time(that).过去式或过去式或“should动词原形动词原形”集训奔向高考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。One day，a poor boy who was trying to earn money by_1_(sell) newspapers，was so hungry_2_he decided to beg for a meal at the next house. However，when a_3_(love) young woman opened the door，he asked for a drink of water instead_4_a meal. She thought he looked hungry so she brought_5_(he)a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly，and said “Thank you.” With these words，Howard Kelly left.Years later the woman became_6_(serious) ill and was finally sent to the hospital where Howard Kelly worked. He，now famous，heard the name of the town_7_she came from. Dressed in his doctors clothes，Dr. Kelly recognized her at once. He decided to save her life. At last the woman _8_ (save). Dr.Kelly paid the final bill and then wrote something on the side. When the bill was sent to the womans room，the note on the side of the bill_9_(catch) her attention. She read these_10_(word)：“Paid in full with a glass of milk，Dr.Howard Kelly.” Tears of joy flooded her eyes.【语篇解读】男孩在饥肠辘辘之时得到了一个年轻女子的帮助，由此心存感激。许多年以后，这个小男孩成为一名医生，并最终挽救了这位患了重病的女子的生命。1.selling考查非谓语动词。介词by后面接动词ing形式作宾语。2.that考查连词。so.that.为固定结构，意为“如此以至于”。3.lovely考查动词转换为形容词。love为动词，本题需要用形容词lovely修饰其后的名词。4.of考查介词。instead of为固定的介词短语，意为“取代”。5.him考查代词。bring sb sth为习惯用法，结合提示词可知此处应用人称代词宾格him。6.seriously考查副词。空后为形容词ill，此处应用副词seriously修饰。7.that/which考查关系代词。先行词为“the town”，引导词在定语从句中作“came from”的宾语，故此处用that或which来引导。8.was saved考查动词时态和语态。save与the woman之间为动宾关系，结合上下文语境可知此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。9.caught考查动词时态。文章的主体时态为一般过去时，且此处讲述的是过去的事情，故用caught。10.words考查名词的数。由空格前的these可知，此处应用名词复数words。