【高考一本解决方案】（新课标）2017版高考英语二轮复习 考点题组训练 专题12 阅读理解

专题12 阅读理解 (2016新课标，C)主题：特别的旅程词数：252I am Peter Hodes，a volunteer stem cell courierSince March 2012，Ive done 89 tripsof those，51 have been abroad.I have 42 hours to carry stem cells(干细胞) in my little box because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.In all，from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient，weve got 72 hours at most. So I am always conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence，Rhode Island，and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London.But when I arrived at the checkin desk at Providence，the lady on the desk said: “Well，Im really sorry，Ive got some bad news for youthere are no flights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patientplease，please，youve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything.She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，rerouted(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.For this courier job，youre consciously aware that in that box youve got something that is potentially going to save somebodys life.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者是一名干细胞运送人员，因为储存干细胞的箱子中用于降温的冰只有两袋，因此时间和速度对于作者来说至关重要，文章讲述了作者运送干细胞途中的一个故事。1Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph 1?Aprovider Bdelivery manCcollector Dmedical doctor1B词义猜测题。根据第一段第三句“I have 42 hours to carry stem cells.”可知，作者是运送干细胞的人，故选B项。2Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?AHe cannot stay away from his job too long.BThe donor can only wait for that long.CThe operation needs that much time.DThe ice wont last any longer.2D细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“.because Ive got two ice packs and thats how long they last.”可知，运送干细胞的箱子只有两袋冰用于降温，保存时间有限，故选D项。3Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?ATo London. BTo Newark.CTo Providence. DTo Washington.3B细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，rerouted me through Newark.”可知，工作人员安排作者改道经过Newark然后再去英国。故作者应先去Newark，故选B项。高频词汇in all总共，总计arrange v. 安排【长难句分析】I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America.去年我有一次旅程，途中我在美国被飓风所困。本句中where I was caught by a hurricane in America为定语从句，先行词为trip，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导定语从句。 (2016新课标，B)主题：启发学生的创造性词数：279Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said：“Make something out of the Tinkertoys.You have 45 minutes todayand 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week.”A few students hesitated to start.They waited to see what the rest of the class would do.Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided.Another group built something out of their own imaginations.Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time.His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.I was delighted at the presence of such a student.Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染)other students.Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downsideI ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.Without fail one would declare，“But Im just not creative.”“Do you dream at night when youre asleep？”“Oh，sure.”“So tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” The student would tell something wildly imaginative.Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads.“Thats pretty creative.Who does that for you？”“Nobody.I do it.”“Reallyat night，when youre asleep？”“Sure.”“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”【语篇导读】本文讲述了作者五年前在西雅图一所学校教授艺术时，运用Tinkertoys(拆装堆叠式玩具)鼓励学生运用创造性和想象力。1The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to _.Aknow more about the studentsBmake the lessons more excitingCraise the students interest in artDteach the students about toy design1A推理判断题。根据文章第一段第一句“Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students.”可知，老师在课堂上运用Tinkertoys的目的就是为了更好地了解学生。故选A项。2What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3?AHe liked to help his teacher.BHe preferred to study alone.CHe was active in class.DHe was imaginative.2D推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句“His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home.”可知，这个男孩的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多；第三段最后两句“Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work.His presence meant that.whose creativity would infect other students.”说明这个特别有创造力的男孩感染了其他同学，由此推断这个男孩的想象力和创造力极其丰富。故选D项。3What does the underlined word “downside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AMistake.BDrawback.CDifficulty. DBurden.3B词义猜测题。根据文章第四段第二句“I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking.”可知，作者冒着失去那些有不同思维方式的学生的危险，说明这种教育方式有不足之处。由此推断downside与drawback“缺点”意义相近。故选B项。4Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams?ATo help them to see their creativity.BTo find out about their sleeping habits.CTo help them to improve their memory.DTo find out about their ways of thinking.4A推理判断题。根据文章最后七段中的对话内容，尤其是倒数第五段第二句“The student would tell something wildly imaginative.”和最后一段“Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？”可知，作者鼓励孩子们说出最有趣的、最有创造性和想象力的梦，并鼓励他们在白天的课堂里把梦的内容还原出来。作者这样做的目的就是为了让孩子们看到自己的创造性和想象力。故选A项。高频词汇instruction n. 指令，命令；指示；教导；用法说明presence n. 存在；出席；参加；风度；仪态declare vt. 宣称；宣布【长难句分析】His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students.他的存在意味着我的课堂上有了一位意想不到的助手，他的创造力会感染其他学生。本句为主从复合句。His presence meant 为主句的主语和谓语，that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class.为宾语从句，其中含有一个由whose引导的定语从句。 (2016新课标，D)主题：照片的意义词数：272A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly firstrate photojournalismif they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists，27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled(雪橇)across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scotts last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the worlds imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.【语篇导读】本文为一篇记叙文。弗兰克赫尔利拍摄了一些很棒的照片，记录和见证了一次不成功的航海活动。1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made last week.BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.1D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.”可知，赫尔利拍摄的照片记录了一次灾难性的冒险。故选D项。2Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley. BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falcon Scott. DCaroline Alexander.2C细节理解题。根据第三段末句中的“Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912.”可知，文中最早到达南极的是Captain Scott。故选C项。3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation. BScientific research.CMoney making. DTreasure hunting.3C细节理解题。根据最后一段首句中的“.adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.”可知，Alexander认为他进行这次航行是为了挣钱。故选C项。高频词汇collection n. 采集，聚集；ks5u税收 征收；收藏品；募捐survival n. 幸存，存活；幸存者，残存物complete adj. 完整的；完全的；彻底的 vt. 完成【长难句分析】Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.弗兰克赫尔利是一位自信而且有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师，他了解南极，被雇用去负责拍照，其中大部分照片以前从来没有出版过。Frank Hurley was hired to make the images.为本句的主干。a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic作Frank Hurley的同位语，其中who引导定语从句，most of which have never before been published为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the images。 (2016新课标，B)主题：偶遇词数：301On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.“Hey，arent you from Mississippi？” the elegant，whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“Im from Mississippi too.”Without a second thought，the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said.“I didnt know what my New York friends were thinking.”Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.Weltys new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚)“My friend said: Now we believe your stories，” Welty added.“And I said: Now you know.These are the people that make me write them”Sitting on a sofa in her room，Welty，a slim figure in a simple gray dress，looked pleased with this explanation.“I dont make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I dont have to.”Beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Weltys people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss.，from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that，at 78，her left ear has now given out.Sometimes，sitting on a bus or a train，she hears only a fragment(片断)of a particularly interesting story.【语篇导读】尤多拉韦尔蒂和朋友在纽约聚餐时，有两位来自密西西比州的陌生人加入。正是她们使她开始写科幻故事。1What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?ATwo strangers joined her.BHer childhood friends came in.CA heavy rain ruined the dinner.DSome people held a party there.1A细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Without a second thought，the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.”可知，有两个陌生人和她坐在了一起，所以选A项。2The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Weltys _.Areaders Bparties Cfriends Dstories2D词义猜测题。根据第六段中的“My friend said: Now we believe your stories，”可知，这里的them指的是your stories，所以选D项。3What can we learn about the characters in Weltys fiction?AThey live in big cities.BThey are mostly women.CThey come from real life.DThey are pleasure seekers.3C推理判断题。根据文章第八段“I dont make them up， she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.I dont have to.”可知，故事中的人物不是编造的，都来自真实的生活，故选C项。高频词汇approach v. 接近，靠近；接洽；对付immediately adv. 立刻；马上downtown n. 市中心 adj. 市中心的 adv. 往市中心；在市中心explanation n. 解释；说明；阐述【长难句分析】Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion.返回市中心的旅馆时，她的大城市的朋友们对在纽约的晚餐变成了密西西比州的团聚感到惊奇。本句是一个复合句。Heading back.是动词ing形式，作时间状语；that引导的是限制性定语从句，修饰events。 (2016天津，B)主题：父与子词数：350Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone，not in features but in footsteps.As he grows you also age，and your ambitions become more unachievable.You begin to realize that your boy，in your footsteps，could probably accomplish what you hoped for.But footsteps can be muddied and they can go off in different directions.My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment.Book reports werent written until the final threat.Ive been a newspaperman all my adult life.My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.But Jody？When he entered the tenth grade he became a “votech” student(技校学生)Theyre called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”，I was shocked.“Hey，hes a good kid，” I wanted to say.“And smart，really.”I learned later that motorheads are，indeed，different.They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes.And they dont often make school honor rolls(光荣榜)But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education.We who labor in clean shirts in offices dont have the abilities that motorheads have.I began to learn this when I had my car crashed.The cost to repair it was estimated at $800.“Hey，I can fix it，” said Jody.I doubted it，but let him go ahead，for I had nothing to lose.My son，with other motorheads，fixed the car.They got parts(零件)from a junkyard，and ability from votech classes.The cost was $25 instead of $800.Since that first repair job，a broken airconditioner，a nonfunctioning washer and a nontoasting toaster have been fixed.Neighbors and coworkers trust their car repairs to him.These kids are happiest when doing repairs.They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers，engineers need mechanics，and architects need builders.Most important，I have learned that fathers dont need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.My son may never make the school honor roll.But he made mine.【语篇导读】父亲总是希望自己的儿子去实现自己未能实现的目标。作者通过自己的例子，最终明白了这样一个道理：父亲没有必要让儿子去走自己的路。1What used to be the authors hope for his son?ATo avoid becoming his clone.BTo resemble him in appearance.CTo develop in a different direction.DTo reach the authors unachieved goals.1D推理判断题。由第一段可知，每个父亲都希望自己的儿子在某种程度上能够实现自己未能实现的目标。但是儿子可能会向另外的方向发展。接着在第二段作者提到自己的儿子就是这样一个孩子：没有按照作者的想法去发展。由此推出作者原本希望儿子去实现自己未能实现的目标。故选D项。2What can we learn about the authors children?AHis daughter does better in school.BHis daughter has got a masters degree.CHis son tried hard to finish homework.DHis son couldnt write his book reports.2A细节理解题。由第三段第二句“My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.”可知，作者的女儿学习很棒。故选A项。3The author let his son repair the car because he believed that _.Ahis son had the ability to fix itBit would save him much timeCit wouldnt cause him any more lossDother motorheads would come to help3C细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“I doubted it，but let him go ahead，for I had nothing to lose.”可知，作者之所以让他的儿子修理汽车，是因为他觉得他没有什么可以损失的。故选C项。4In the authors eyes，motorheads are _.Atidy and hardworkingBcheerful and smartClazy but brightDrelaxed but rude4B细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句“They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world.”和第三句“And their minds are bright.”可知，作者认为这些孩子们在工作的时候心情是愉悦的，而且他们非常聪明。故选B项。5What did the author realize in the end?AIt is unwise to expect your child to follow your path.BIt is important for one to make the honor roll.CArchitects play a more important role than builders.DMotorheads have greater ability than office workers.5A推理判断题。由倒数第二段最后一句“Most important，I have learned that fathers dont need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.”可知，作者意识到，父亲没有必要让自己的儿子走自己的路。故选A项。高频词汇somewhat adv.有点儿estimate vt.估计，估算；评价 vi.评估toaster n烤面包片机【长难句分析】But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education.但是作为一名“摩托头”的家长本身就是一种接受教育的经历。本句中动名词短语being the parent of a motorhead是句子的主语。动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。 (2016北京，A)主题：感谢信词数：450December 15，2014Dear Alfred，I want to tell you how important your help is to my life.Growing up，I had people telling me I was too slow，though，with an IQ of 150at 17，Im anything but stupid.The fact was that I was found to have ADHD(注意力缺陷多动障碍)Anxious all the time，I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.However，when something did interest me，I could become absorbed.In high school，I became curious about the computer，and built my first website.Moreover，I completed the senior course of Computer Basics，plus five relevant precollege courses.While I was exploring my curiosity，my disease got worse.I wanted to go to college after high school，but couldnt.So，I was killing my time at home until June 2012 when I discovered the online computer courses of your training center.Since then，I have taken courses like Data Science and Advanced Mathematics.Currently，Im learning your Probability course.I have hundreds of printer paper，covered in selfwritten notes from your videos.This has given me a purpose.Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to.Luckily，I discovered the jobData Analystthis month and have been going full steam ahead.I want to prove that I can teach myself a respectful profession，without going to college，and be just as good as，if not better than，my competitors.Thank you.Youve given me hope that I can follow my heart.For the first time，I feel good about myself because Im doing something，not because someone told me I was doing good.I feel whole.This is why youre saving my life.Yours，Tanis【语篇导读】这是一封书信，作者由于有注意力缺陷多动障碍，无法实现自己的大学梦，但是一家在线培训中心给了作者在线学习的机会，并让她的生活有了目标。1Why didnt Tanis go to college after high school?AShe had learned enough about computer science.BShe had more difficulty keeping focused.CShe preferred taking online courses.DShe was too slow to learn.1B细节理解题。第四段讲到作者的病情恶化(got worse)，因此不能去读大学，而这个疾病是第二段说到的ADHD，具体表现是注意力不能集中(unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time)，这与B项叙述吻合。2As for the working environment，Tanis prefers _Aworking by herselfBdealing with the publicCcompeting against othersDstaying with ADHD students2A细节理解题。第六段说到作者希望的工作环境“I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to”由此可知，A项的working by herself与该句的work alone表达的意思一致，因此选A。3Tanis wrote this letter in order to_Aexplain why she was interested in the computerBshare the ideas she had for her profession Cshow how grateful she was to the centerDdescribe the courses she had taken so far3C推理判断题。作者通过描述自己的病情，未完成的大学梦，以及收信人开办的网站给作者带来的学习的快乐，来表达这个培训中心对自己的人生多么重要，故作者写信的目的是表达对这个培训中心的感激之情。高频词汇absorbed adj. (兴趣等)专注的，极感兴趣的；被吸收的kill time 消磨时间full steam ahead 全速前进；全力以赴【长难句分析】Last year，I spent all my time looking for a job where，without dealing with the public，I could work alone，but still have a team to talk to.去年，我花费所有的时间去找一份不需要与公众打交道，能够独自工作，但同时又有一个团队可以交流的工作。本句使用了where引导定语从句，定语从句中but连接了并列谓语。 (2016北京，B)主题：小女孩的“大”作为词数：421Surviving Hurricane Sandy(飓风桑迪)Natalie Doan，14，has always felt lucky to live in Rockaway，New York.Living just a few blocks from