2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案

2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷一及答案(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owners daughter.B)A New Hampshire mans joke with friends on his wife.C)A fathers message for his daughter.D)The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her fathers promise.C)She had been asked by her father to do so.D)She was excited to see her fathers handwriting.Questions 3 to 4 are based on the new report you have just heard。3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost 2. 5 million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the new report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B)It took off and landed on a football field.C)It proved to be of high commercial value.D)It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems. C) Inadequate funding.B)The air pollution it produced. D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B)It flies faster than a commercial jet.C)It is a safer means of transportation.D)It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B)It sounds quite alarming.C)It has little impact on our daily life.D)It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesnt understand Spanish.B)The woman doesnt really like dancing.C)They dont want something too noisy.D)They cant make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B)It has too many acts to hold the audiences attention.C)It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D)It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy. C) Book the tickets online.B)Go and see the dance. D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B)She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C)There are too many activities for her to cope with.D)She worries she wont fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B)Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C)Participate in after-school activities.D)Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B)Accept her as a transfer student.C)Find her accommodation on campus.D)Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lees.B)She has become friends with Catherine.C)She has chosen the major Catherine has.D)She has just transferred to the college.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts, on health.B)To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C)To discover what most mice like to eat.D)To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry. C) When they smell food.B)When they are thirsty. D) When they want company.18. A) They search for food in groups.B)They are overweight when food is plenty.C)They prefer to be with other mice.D)They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B)Its construction cost more than $40 billion.C)It is efficiently used for transport.D)It is one of the best in the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B)To move troops quickly from place to place.C)To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D)To speed up the transportation of goods.21. A) In the 1970s. C) In the 1950s.B) In the 1960s. D) In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B)Messaging while driving.C)Driving under age.D)Speeding on highways.23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B)The car slows down gradually to a halt.C)They are alerted with a light and a sound.D)They get a warning on their smart phone.25. A) Installing a camera. C) Checking their emails.B) Using a connected app. D) Keeping a daily record.Part Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first (26)_ in 1962，it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was (27)_. During this renovation the building s owners, CIS，(28)_the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004，the completed CIS tower became Europe s largest (29)_ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large (30)_has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the “10 best green energy projects”. For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was (31)_overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this aren t(32)_ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy (33)_ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get (34)_，the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels，collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn t a race of (35)_，but rather one to collect the most solar energy.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。A) cheaperB) cleanerC) collectionD) competedE) constructedF) consultedG) dimensionH) discoveredI) eventuallyJ) heightK) necessarilyL) productionM) rangeN) scaleO) undertakenSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces “Endangered” ListA On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venices main tourist sites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal. It is theoldest bridge across the canal, and was the dividing line between the districts of San Marco and San Polo. But on this day, there was a twist： it was filled with Venetians, not tourists.B “ People are cheering and holding their carts in the air, says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Generazione 90. The carts he refers to are small shopping cartsthe symbol of a true Venetian. “It started as a joke,” he says with a laugh. “The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur. Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down. C Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But thats a problem. Up to 90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every dayfar outnumbering the 55 ,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the citys population is down from 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. And those who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can t even get to the market without swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through 50,000 people while on the way to school or to work.D Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national governments have failed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they re only interested in tourismthe primary industry in Venice, worth more than $3 billion in 2015. “Venice is a cash cow,” she says, “and everyone wants a piece. EJust beyond St. Marks Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year that appear over their medieval (中世纪的）surroundings. Their massive wake creats waves at the bottom of the sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. “ Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad,” Chigi says. “You see the mud it drags； the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the city underwater. One day we 11 see Venice break down. nFFor a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to agree. Two years ago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCO considers the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at the cultural level, belongs to all o the worlds people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years to manage Venice, s flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another listWorld Heritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.GVenices deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟口农)this summer, just as UNESCO was meeting in Istanbul. Only one representative, J ad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue. “For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it has now reached a dramatic situation,” Tabet told UNESCO. “We have to act quickly, there is not a moment to waste. HBut UNESCO didnt even hold a vote. “Its been postponed until 2017，says Anna Somers, the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U. N. cultural organization didn t vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UNESCO has become “ intensely politicized. There would have been some back-room negotiations.IItaly boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world, granting it considerable power and influence within the organization. The former head of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, a Venetian who now serves as UNESCOs assistant director-general for culture.JEarlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task force of police art detectives and archaeologists (考古学家）to protect cultural heritage from natural disasters and terror groups, such as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy s global reputation as a good steward of art and culture.KBut adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered listwhich is dominated by sites in developing and conflict-ridden countrieswould be an international embarrassment, and could even hurt Italy s profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pressure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an interview.LThe city s current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its own business, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Venice residents.MAs for Venetians, theyre beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soon. “Its a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists around，” says Giorgio as he navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridge. “There are just so many of them. They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigating the streets can be exhausting. ”NThen it hits him: This crowd isn t made up of tourists. Theyre Venetians. Giorgio says hes never experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 years. “For once, we are the ones who are blocking the traffic，” he says delightedly. “It feels unreal. It feels like we re some form of endangered species. Its just nice. The feeling is just pure. n But, he worries, if tourism isnt managed and his fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generation might be the last who can call themselves native Venetians.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。36.The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient buildings in Venice.37.The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to take measures to protect its cultural heritage.38.The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few years.39.The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to the increase of tourists.40.If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altogether one day.41.UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to protect Venice.42.The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% local residents.43.Ignoring UNESCO s warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city s tourism industry.44.One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local authorities have only focused on the revenues from tourism.45.UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Sites In Danger.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症)increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably neednt worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.After age 50，its quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or dont remember even seeing it, thats far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, thats “a red flag that something more serious may be involved”. Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend youve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.But even then, Daffner says, people shouldnt panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物)like antidepressants.You dont have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brains cognitive (认知的）reserve, Daffner says.“Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways,” he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。46.Why does the author say that one neednt be concerned about memory slips?A)Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.B)They occur only among certain groups of people.C)Not all of them are related to ones age.D)They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.47.What happens as we become aged according to the passage?A)Our interaction skills deteriorate.B)Some parts of our brain stop functioning.C)Communication within our brain weakens.D)Our whole brain starts shrinking.48.Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?A)Totally forgetting how to do ones daily routines.B)Inability to recall details of ones life experiences.C)Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.D)Occasionally confusing the addresses of ones friends.49.What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?A)Check the brains cognitive reserve.B)Stop medications affecting memory.C)Turn to a professional for assistance.D)Exercise to improve their well-being.50.What is Dr. Daffners advice for combating memory loss?A)Having regular physical and mental checkups.B)Taking medicine that helps boost ones brain.C)Engaging in known memory repair activities.D)Staying active both physically and mentally.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A letter written by Charles Darwin in 1875 has been returned to the Smithsonian Institution Archives (档案馆）by the FBI after