外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳一、时态 1.一般现在时 (1)表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用 “usually通常, often常常, every每, sometimes有时，always总是,”等词。 (2)基本结构: 主语I / You / We / They /He / She / It 肯定句：主语+ 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式 否定句：主语+ dont + 动词原形 或者doesnt + 动原 一般疑问句(Yes/No) Do ? Yes, I do. No,I dont.Does(动词原形)? Yes,he/she does. No,he/she doesnt. 特殊疑问句 What do ? How does she(动词原形)? (3) 动词第三人称单数形式(同名词单数变成复数方法相同) 1 一般情况 +s 如:walk-walks 2. 辅音字母+y结尾 去y +ies fly-flies 3. 结尾是 s, x， sh, ch +es watch-watches 4. 结尾是0 +es do-does, go-goes 5. 特殊 have-has 2现在进行时(1)表示正在发生的动作，通常用“now现在, look看，linsen听”. (2)基本形式: be + 动词-ing eg: I am(not) doing my homework. You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It is(not) eating. What are you doing? Is he reading? (3)动词的现在分词形式(动词+ing) 一般情况 +ing walkwalking 结尾是不发音的 e -e + ing comecoming 重读闭音节 双写最后一个字母+ing swim-swimming run-running 3. 一般过去时 (1) 表示过去已经发生的事情,通常用 “last 上一个, just now刚才, many years ago许多年前， yesterday昨天”等词。 (2) be 动词的过去式: am/iswas arewere (3)过去式基本结构 肯定句：主语+ 动词过去式 I went shopping last night. 否定句：主语 + didnt + 动词原形 I didnt go shopping last night. 一般疑问句(Yes/No) Did + 动词原形? Did you go shopping last night? 特殊疑问句(wh-) What did+ 动词原形? What did you do last night? (4)动词过去式的变化: 规则动词的变化: (1)一般动词 +ed planted,watered,climbed(2) 以不发音的e结尾 +d liked tied(3)辅音字母加y结尾 -y+ ied studystudied, cry- cried (4)重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母+ed plan planned stop stopped 不规则动词的变化: 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 原形 过去式 am /is was are were go went do did find found buy bought eat ate feel felt drink drank teach taught take took read read give gave have had put put sing sang drive drove meet met cut cut begin began make made let let ring rang write wrote see saw run ran ride rode come came draw drew sit sat tell told learn learnt get gotcarry carried study studied4.一般将来时 一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与tomorrow, next Sunday 等时间状语连用。 结构:be going to +动词原形或will +动词原形 例如:Im going to visit my grandpa next week. 二、人称代词 主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers its theris (注:介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。) 三、可数名词的复数形式 1.一般名词: + s book books 2.辅音字母加y结尾: - y+ ies storystories 3.以s, x，sh, ch ，结尾: + es glassglasses; a watch-watches 以o结尾:1)有生命的 +es potato-potatoes 2) 无生命的 +s photo-photoes 4.以f或fe结尾: - f 或fe 变为ves knife knives; shelf-shelves 5.特殊的名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice, child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,四、不可数名词(没有复数形式) bread, rice, water, juice，milk，tea，coffee 五、缩略形式 Im = I am youre = you are shes = she is hes = he is hasnt = he has(got) its = it is whos =who is cant =can not isnt=is not didnt=did not werent=were not wasnt=was not lets=let us Ill=I will 六、a. an .the的用法 1.单词的第一读音是辅音读音:a book, a peach， a “U” 单词的第一个读音是元音读音:an egg， an hour， an “F” 2.the要注意的:球类前面不加the，play football 乐器前面要加the，play the piano 序数词前面要加the, the second 七、介词 1.表示方位:on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.，under 2.表示时间: (1)at : 几点前面用at如:at six oclock, 没有day的节日前用at如 :at Christmas, 固定词组 at the weekends ，at night (2)on: 用于星期，日期，某一天的上午、下午、晚上(指具体的某一天时) on Sunday在星期天 on Sunday morning 在星期天的上午 on March 8 在3月8日; 带有Day的节日前用on 如: on National Day (3)in: 早晨，中午，晚上前用in:in the morning ，in the afternoon ，in the evening ， 月份前用in ，如in December ;季节前用in ，如 winter;年份前用 in，如 in 1999 八、基数词变成序数词的方法 1. 直接在基数词词尾加上th。如:seventh第七，tenth 第十，thirteenth 第十三， 2.以y结尾的基数词，变y为i，再加上eth。如:twentieth 第二十。 3.不规则的。如:first 第一, second 第二， third 第三，fifth 第五， eighth 第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。 4.有两个或以上单词组成的基数词只改最后一个单词如twenty-first 第二十一。 九、some /any的用法 1.肯定句中用some:I have some toys in my bedroom. 2.问句和否定句中用any:Do you have any brothers or sisters? He hasnt got any pencils in his pencil-case. 3.询问想要什么时用some:Would you like some juice? Can I have some stamps? 十、 there be结构 1.肯定句(有): There is +单数或不可数名词 There are +复数 注:遵循就近原则，看靠there be最近的 2.一般疑问句(有吗,):Is there ? Yes, there is./ No, there isnt. Are there? Yes, there are. /No, there arent. 3.否定句(没有): There isnt . There arent. 4.there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。 十一、祈使句 Sit down please. Dont open the door, please. Lets go to the park. (注:祈使句中动词用原形) 十二、(情态)动词can, may, must, should, will 后面直接用动词原形。 1. I / He / She / They can sing. May I come in? I must go now. 2. You should be quiet in the library. 3. Youll be good friends. 十四、特殊疑问句 1.What 什么(问什么事,什么物或什么工作等) What are you doing, Im reading. What did you do yesterday? I played basketball. What are you going to do? Im going to do homework. What is that? Its a book. What does he/she do? Shes a nurse.What time is it? Its seven. 2. What colour 问颜色 What colour is your coat? Its red. 3.when 什么时候When do you get up? I get up at six thirty. When is your birthday? Its on the 21st of December. 4.Which哪一个 Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one? The yellow is mine. 5.Who谁 Who is the man with a big nose? Hes my uncle.6.Whose谁的 Whose bag is it? Its his bag. 7.Where哪里Where is my pen? Its under the book. 8.Why为什么 Why do you like summer? Because 9.How many 多少 How many books are there in the school bag? There are four books in the school bag.10. How old 几岁 How old is the young man? Hes nineteen. 11.How much多少钱 How much is the toy bear? Its eleven yuan. 12.How 怎么样（How long/ big/tall？） How do you go to school everyday? I go to school by car.How long is the river? Its 10 miles long. 十五.已经学过的动词 say help know lost live read run take listen talk see draw jump sing dance want make buy help give climb visit get answer learn take fly have cook phone wash sing go eat tell travel come fall find ride carry like swim pass play skip watch fly open put meet wait send need take wear catch use feel smell shout work put take get bring speak sit down stand up find outturn right turn left go straight go to school公司档案管理制度一、总则1、为加强本公司档案工作，充分发挥档案作用，全面提高档案管理水平，有效地保护及利用档案，为公司发展服务，特制定本制度。2、公司档案，是指公司从事经营、管理以及其他各项活动直接形成的对公司有保存价值的各种文字、图表、声像等不同形式的历史记录。公司档案分为受控档案和非受控档案。3、公文承办部门或承办人员应保证经办文件的系统完整(公文上的各种附件一律不准抽存)。结案后及时归档。工作变动或因故离职时应将经办的文件材料向接办人员交接清楚，不得擅自带走或销毁。二、文件材料的收集管理1、公司指定专人负责文件材料的管理。2、文件材料的收集由各部门或经办人员负责整理，交总经理审阅后归档。3、一项工作由几个部门参与办理的，在工作中形成的文件材料，由主办部门或人员收集，交行政部备案。会议文件由行政部收三、归档范围1、重要的会议材料，包括会议的通知、报告、决议、总结、典型发言、会议记录等。2、本公司对外的正式发文与有关单位来往的文书。3、本公司的各种工作计划、总结、报告、请示、批复、会议记录、统计报表及简报。 4、本公司与有关单位签订的合同、协议书等文件材料。5、本公司职工劳动、工资、福利方面的文件材料。6、本公司的大事记及反映本公司重要活动的剪报、照片、录音、录像等。四、归档要求1、档案质量总的要求是：遵循文件的形成规律和特点，保持文件之间的有机联系，区别不同的价值，便于保管和利用。2、归档的文件材料种数、份数以及每份文件的页数均应齐全完整。3、在归档的文件材料中，应将每份文件的正件与附件、印件与定稿、请示与批复、转发文件与原件，分别立在一起，不得分开，文电应合一归档。4、不同年度的文件一般不得放在一起立卷；跨年度的总结放在针对的最后一年立卷；跨年度的会议文件放在会议开幕年。5、档案文件材料应区别不同情况进行排列，密不可分的文件材料应依序排列在一起，即批复在前，请示在后；正件在前，附件在后；印件在前，定稿在后；其它文件材料依其形成规律或应保持文件之间的密切联系并进行系统的排列。6、案卷封面，应逐项按规定用钢笔书写，字迹要工整、五、档案管理人员职责1、按照 有关规定做好 文件材料的收集、整理、分类、归档等工作。2、按照归档范围、要求，将文件材料按时归档。3、工作人员应当遵纪守法、忠于职守，努力维护公司档案的完整与安全。1、公司档案只有公司内部人员可以借阅，借阅者都要填写借阅单，报主管人员批准后，方可借阅，其中非受控文档的借阅要由部门经理签字批准，受控文档的借阅要由总经理签字批准。2、档案借阅的最长期限为两周；对借出档案，档案管理人员要定期催还，发现损坏、丢失或逾期未还，应写出书面报告，报总经理处理。走在路上，挫折是难免的，低潮是必然的，孤独与寂寞是如影随形的;总有被人误解的时候，总有寄人篱下的时候，总有遭人诽谤与暗算的时候。这些时候，要知道潮涨潮落、波谷波峰的道理，只要你能够耐心等待，受得了折磨，守得住底线，一切都会证明，生活不会抛弃你，命运不会舍弃你。专心-专注-专业