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八年级(下)Units 12,中考基础知识梳理类别课标考点要求词汇攻关1.stomach(名词)胃痛，腹痛_2foot(复数)_3own(名词)_4break(形容词)_5train(名词)_6kind(名词)_7.climb(名词)_8strong(反义词)_9feel(名词)_(过去式)_10tooth(复数)_(名词)牙痛_短语归纳1.感冒_2胃痛_3躺下_4量体温_5发烧_6休息_7下车_8使惊讶的是；出乎的意料_9立即，马上_10陷入，参与_11习惯于_12冒险_13用尽，耗尽_14切除_15离开，从出来_16掌管，管理_17.放弃_18打扫(或清除)干净_19(使)变得更高兴，振奋起来_20分发，散发_21想出，提出_22推迟_23分发_24打电话给(某人)，征召_25照顾，非常喜欢_26参加选拔，试用_27修理，装饰_28赠送，捐赠_29(外貌或行为)像_30建立，设立_31影响，有作用_32帮助走出困境_句型再现1.“你怎么啦？”“我背痛。”_？I_2我该怎么办？_I_？3“我应该放些药在上面吗？”“应该。/不应该。”_put some medicine on it?Yes，_/No，_4昨天上午9：00，26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。At 9：00 am. yesterday，bus No. 26_Zhonghua Road when the driver_an old man_on the side of the road.5有人头部受到撞击。Someone_on the head.6.作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。As a mountain climber，Aron _ risks.7他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。They told me stories about the past and how things _8她在四岁时就能独自看书了。She could read _9有了你的帮助，我才有可能拥有“Lucky”。You helped to_ for me to have Lucky.10我喜爱动物，我对拥有一条狗这个想法感到兴奋。I love animals and I was _the idea _.语法结构1.情态动词should的用法。2常用的动词词组的用法。话题1.Health and first aid(健康与急救)2Volunteering and charity(志愿服务与慈善),贵阳五年中考真题演练词汇类()1.(2013贵阳39题)Many teenagers have hobbies，sometimes these hobbies can _ the way of school work.Aget in Bget up Cget on()2.(2015贵阳41题)When Bob is upset or tired，he prefers comedies that can _.Alook upBclean them upCcheer him up()3.(2012贵阳42题)Jining has sixteen broken bikes to _ and give away to kids who dont have bikes.Afix upBset upCput up反身代词4(2013贵阳92题)Fast food _ isnt always bad for you but too much of it is not good.(it)()5.(2014贵阳41题)The little kid is just two years old.Hes too young to take care of _.Ahis Bhim Chimself()6.(2015贵阳32题)Bob hurt _ in the basketball match at school yesterday afternoon.Amyself Bhimself Cherself非谓语动词7(2012贵阳90题)Teenagers shouldnt be allowed _ their ears pierced.This is the school rule.(get，to get)()8.(2012贵阳44题)It took Janet three hours _ reading this interesting story.Ato finish Bfinished Cfinishing9(2015贵阳87题)My teachers always encourage us _(study) hard on different subjects.10(2013贵阳95题)My mother asks me _ milk every morning because it is good for me.(drink)情态动词()11.(2014贵阳中考)In order to make our city more beautiful, more trees and flowers _ every year.Awill plantBshould plantCshould be planted()12.(2012贵阳中考)“Whose notebook is this？”“It _ Jims.It has his name on it.”Acant be Bmust beCcan be,贵阳中考重难点突破give up放弃【考点抢测】1整天玩电脑游戏对你的健康有害。你应该放弃它。Playing computer games all day is bad for your health.You should _ _ _2你应该戒烟。You should _ _ _()3.(2014襄阳中考)He failed to break the world record for long jump many times，but he never_his hope.Atook off Bput awayCgave up【满分点拨】give up的用法(1)give up是动副短语，后接代词作宾语时，必须放在两词中间。(2)give up后接动词时需用动词的ing形式，相当于stop doing sth.。【归纳拓展】give的相关短语cheer up(使)变得更高兴；振奋起来【考点抢测】4振作起来吧！你的困难不久就会过去的。_ _！Your trouble will soon be over.5橙色能带给我们成功，使我们振作。Orange can bring us success and _ us _()6.(2014安徽中考)We failed in the singing competition._Better times are waiting for you.ANo wayBBest wishesCCheer up【满分点拨】cheer up的用法(1)cheer up也可以单独使用，表示“变得高兴，振奋起来”。(2)cheer sb. up意为“使某人高兴起来”，相当于make sb. happy。如果宾语是名词或词组，可放在cheer up的中间或后面，若是代词作宾语，则只能放在cheer up的中间。【归纳拓展】本单元中up短语trouble n问题；苦恼【考点抢测】7不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。Dont laugh at the people _ _8We have some trouble _(work) out the problem.()9.(2014福州中考)Jack，I have _ working out the math problem.Dont worry.Let me help you.AfunBtroubleCexperience【满分点拨】trouble的用法【归纳拓展】trouble作动词，意为“打扰；使烦恼”，常用搭配为：trouble sb. to do sth.麻烦某人做某事be sorry to trouble sb.很抱歉打扰某人【一言辨异】Dont trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.麻烦没找你，你别找麻烦。raise v募集；征集【考点抢测】raise，rise10The river _ after the heavy rain.11The water _ another meter and people became worried.12He _ his voice so that everybody could hear him.13If you _ any pets，please _ your hands.14Everybody _ when he entered the room.15(2014来宾中考)Many stars _(筹集)money for homeless children nowadays.They are so kind.【满分点拨】辨析raise和rise两个词都有“举起、提高、升起”之意，但其用法不尽相同。rise不及物动词上升，上涨，提高不规则动词，过去式rose，过去分词为risenraise及物动词使升高；提高；饲养规则动词，过去式和过去分词均为raised【图解助记】辨析repair，mend与fix【考点抢测】repair，mend，fix16I am going to have my bike _ tomorrow.17She is _ her shoes.18The workers are _ the machine.()19.My brother can _ this broken chair.Arepair Bmend Cfix【满分点拨】词汇不同例句repairrepair常指损失重大或构造较复杂的事物，如房屋、汽车、桥梁的修理。也可指修鞋Mary repaired the radio just for the fun of it.玛丽修理收音机只是为了消遣。I am going to have my bike repaired tomorrow.我打算明天找人把自行车修理一下。mendmend着重指修补小至日常用具，大到较复杂的物体。很多时候可与repair互换Can you mend a broken dish？你能修理破碟子吗？She is mending her shoes.她正在修理她的鞋子。fixfix则侧重于“安装”，有时也用作“修理”The workers are fixing the machine.工人们在安装机器。Have you had your watch fixed？你已找人修你的表了吗？difficulty n困难，难题【考点抢测】20I have _(difficult) reading at times.21当你做决定有困难时，可以打电话给我。You can call me if you have _ _ decision.()22.(2014咸宁中考)Do you have any difficulty in _ English?Yes，but I try to make myself _Ato speak；understoodBspeaking；understandCto speak；to understand【满分点拨】difficult，difficultly与difficulty的用法辨析difficult形容词“困难的”，作定语、表语或宾语补足语difficultly副词“困难地”，作状语difficulty名词have difficulty(in)doing sth.做某事有困难Whats the matter？怎么了？I have a stomachache.我胃痛。【考点抢测】()23.(2014云南中考)You look really tired._？I didnt sleep well last night.I had a headache.AHow about youBWhat should I doCWhats the matter【满分点拨】(1)Whats the matter？意为“怎么了？”常用来询问身体有什么不适或有什么不顺心的事，也可以用来询问某物出了什么故障，后面可接with sb./sth.，表示“某人或某物怎么了？”。(2)由ache构成的复合名词(3)“havea名词”型短语【归纳拓展】Should I take my temperature？我应该量一下体温吗？【考点抢测】()24.(2015东营中考)After you read the article“Why fast food is slowly killing you”，you _ stop eating fast food.Amay Bhave to Cshould【满分点拨】(1)should作情态动词，有实际的词义，但它不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称和数的变化。如：You should work harder.你应该更努力地工作。(2)常用句型：You should/shouldnt do sth.“你(不)应该做某事”。【温馨提示】should表示预测和可能性，意为“应该；可能”。如：We should arrive by supper time.我们在晚饭时间应该能到了。She should be here at any moment.她随时都可能来。,高频话题写作指导健康与急救写作导图从全国近五年“健康与急救”相关话题书面表达的命题来看，此类作文命题通常有以下两个角度的内容：1保持健康已经成为人们关注的热点话题之一，健康包括哪些方面、中学生面临的健康问题、保持健康的重要性。2如何保持健康成为命题点。结合贵阳考情，可以预测第二种考查角度几率更大。how tokeep healthydietdont eat too much rich food，like meateat fruit and vegetablesdrink milkno junk foodexerciserunplay basketballdo yogasleepgo to bed early and get up earlydont stay up亮点句型速成常用句型：A nurse gave me an injection.It was a little painful.推荐句型：A nurse gave me an injection which was a little painful.常用句型：You mustnt smoke.Its bad for your health.推荐句型：You mustnt smoke because its bad for your health.(一)开头句：1It is very important to keep healthy.(二)中间句：2We cant go to sleep too late.We cant get up too late.3We should eat the food healthily.4We should do more exercise.5I didnt feel like eating anything.6I decided to see the doctor.7In the doctors office，the doctor looks me over carefully.8He told me to take a rest and drink more water.9The doctor asked me to take the medicine three times a day.10A few days later，I felt better.From then on I believe that keeping healthy is the most important thing in the world.(三)结尾句：11A lot of vegetables help you to keep in good health.12Please drink enough water every day.13We should do more exercise to stay healthy.14Dont get stressed out.Its not healthy.15You should go to bed early and get up early.16Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle，and its important to eat a balanced diet.写作模板Nowadays，more and more people know the importance of keeping healthy.For me，there are 几种方法 to keep healthy.Firstly，it is necessary to 观点一Secondly，we shouldnt 观点二Thirdly，it is important to观点三If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，they will find健康会有怎样的改善。典例剖析根据以下提示，请以“How to keep healthy”为题写一篇短文，从良好的生活习惯，适当的体育锻炼以及健康的饮食习惯等方面，为那些生活习惯欠佳、缺乏锻炼的朋友提出良好的建议。(要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数80词左右)参考词汇：熬夜(stay up)；垃圾食品(junk food)；挑剔(be particular about)；定时定量(have meals regularly)【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：1就“保持健康”提出建议，全文用说明文；2所写建议尽量全面，涉及内容尽量多角度，深层次；3要求意思连贯、表达准确，词数为80词左右。【范文点评】How To Keep HealthyNowadays，more_and_more_people_know_the_importance_of_keeping_healthy.For_me，there_are_three_main_ways_to_keep_healthy.Firstly，it_is_necessary_to_keep_a_balanced_diet.We_arent_supposed_to_eat_too_much_junk_food.It_is_better_for_us_to have more fruit and vegetables every day.Whats_more，we are supposed to 开篇用了more and more people，there are three main ways to keep healthy，既体现问题的严重性，又交代了文章的主题。运用句型it is形容词to do sth.增加了文章的亮点。用arent supposed to写出人们的不良习惯，又运用it is better for us to，whats have meals regularly.Secondly，we shouldnt stay up too late.Getting_enough_sleep_is_also_necessary.Thirdly，it_is_important_to take regular exercises，such as swimming，jogging and so on.If people follow these three ways of keeping fit，theyll greatly improve their health.I_hope_everyone_can_keep_in_good_health.more彰显小作者语言词汇的丰富，增加文章的给分点。Getting enough sleep是动名词作主语，it is important to是it做形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语，再次让文章升华。作者最后希望大家采取他的建议，希望每个人能够保持健康。,热点素材拓展中国人民抗日战争胜利70周年大阅兵When we interviewed what the life was like more than 70 years ago，many old soldiers were full of tears in their eyes.They told us that they never forgot those days when they were in the army，during which they lived hard lives but spared no effort to fight against the enemies.Now in the year of 2015 comes the first great parade(阅兵) in the 21st century.September 3rd is the 70th anniversary(纪念) of the victory of the antiFascist war.This day is considered as an important moment for China，as well as the world.49 countries from all over the world，including South Korea and some European countries attended this special occasion.In preparation for the parade，the soldiers worked hard every day.In order to walk well in the three hundred meters distance on the Tiananmen Square，they had to receive extremely strict training.Each day，they got up early in the morning and started the 10 hours practice.When a reporter arrived，it was raining heavily outside，but none of the soldiers stopped training.Nothing can stop their training，and no one can stop their deep love to their motherland.The reporter asked，“The training is so hard but why does nobody give up？”“Its the first time for me to join in such an important ceremony.I consider it a great honor.I must try my best.”one of the participants(参与者) answered.In fact，everyone takes pride in taking part in this big parade because they want to show the spirit of Chinese army，the power of Chinese army，as well as the determination of keeping the world in peace.From the soldiers，we learned the power of dreams.If one has a dream，he will get over any difficulties that get in the way to make the dream come true.()1.What did the old soldiers do more than 70 years ago?AThey took part in a war.BThey experienced something special.CThey worked hard for the parade.()2.How many countries took part in the parade?A20. B49. C40.()3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?AA hard training. BA good reporter.CThe hot weather.()4.According to the passage，the great parade took place in _ASouth KoreaBAmericaCChina()5.Which of the following is true?AThe training for the parade is usually on rainy days.BIt is easy for the soldiers to perform well in the parade.CThe soldiers are tired but none of them will give up.11
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