中考英语总复习 第24讲 代词和连词课件 人教新目标版

代词和连词 第二十四讲 【名题实战】 1Sam and Henry play football very well.We hope _ of them can join our team.(2014，重庆) Aall Bboth Cevery Dsome 2Excuse me，may I use your bicycle？_ is broken. Certainly.But remember to return it before lunch.(2014，南京) AI BMe CMyself DMine 代词BD 3Your English is very good.Who taught you? _I learned it all by myself.(2014，襄阳) ASomebody BEverybody CNobody DAnybody 4We have made _ a rule to read aloud in the morning.(2014，遂宁) Athis Bit CthatCB 5Susan，go and join your sister in cleaning the yard. Why _？John is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014，黄冈) AI Bme Cmyself DmineB 中考对代词考查的重点有： 1人称代词和物主代词的用法； 2it，one(s)，that，those等作替代词的用法； 3指示代词，疑问代词，反身代词的用法； 4不定代词的用法。尤其是all，both，either，neither，none，another，the other，some，others，the others等用法。 【考点梳理】 高频考向一人称代词、物主代词、反身代词 1人称代词有人称、数和格的变化；人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格用作主语，宾格用作宾语，这一考点成为了考查代词的主要形式之一，并且越来越受到各地的欢迎。具体变化见下表： 注：人称代词作并列主语的排列顺序：单数形式：you and I；you，he and I；复数形式：we and you；we and they；we，you and they。但承担责任时总是第一人称在前。及物动词和介词之后的人称代词要用宾格，尤其要注意并列宾语。 2表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，有人称和数之分。具体见下表： 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。如： My books are on the desk.Where is yours? 我的书在桌子上，你的书在哪里？ 3反身代词是人称代词的强调形式，一般用在宾语和主语是同一个人的情况下，或用来强调某人亲自怎样。单数后加self，复数后加selves；不定代词one也有反身代词oneself。英语中用来表示“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我们自己”，“你们自己”等意义的代词称为反身代词，有人称和数的变化。反身代词可以在句中作宾语，表语，同位语。 具体变化见下表： 反身代词的常见搭配：enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快hurt oneself伤着自己teach oneself learnby oneself自学(all) by oneself (完全)独立地help oneself to请自便，随便吃look after oneself自理，照顾自己leave one by oneself把单独留下lose oneself in陶醉于，沉浸于 【例1】 Jeff and I are going to Shanghai this weekend.My brother will drive _ there.(2014，绵阳) Ait Byou Cus Dthem 解析：动词drive后跟人称代词宾格作宾语。由语境可知句意为“我哥哥将带我们去那里”。 答案：_C 【例2】 This is _ school bag._ is on the desk.(2014，贺州) Ayour；Mine Byours；Mine Cmy；You Dyour；My 解析：第一个空在句中作定语，修饰后面的名词school bag，故用形容词性的物主代词；第二个空在句中作主语，且后面不能接名词，故应用名词性物主代词。 答案：_A 【例3】 Peter and Kate went to the dancing party last night.They enjoyed _.(2014，绥化) Amyself Bthemselves Cherself 解析：考查反身代词。由语境可知句意为“他们玩得很高兴”。 答案：_B 高频考向二不定代词 1普通不定代词的用法 some与any some和any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。some一般用于肯定句中，any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中。但在疑问句中，当表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表达请求、建议时应用some。 many与much many修饰可数名词复数，还可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。much修饰不可数名词，也可以与表示程度的副词so，too，as，how连用。 either与neither either指两个人或物中的一个；neither指两个人或物中一个也不，常构成固定搭配either/neither of名词/代词的复数谓语动词(第三人称单数形式)；当either.or.和neither.nor.连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 both与all both表示“两者都”，常与and连用；all指“三者或三者以上都”，常与of连用。 each与every each和every都表示“每一个”。each强调个体，当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；every强调整体情况；修饰名词时谓语动词也要用单数形式。另外，each可指两个或两个以上的人或物，而every只可指三个或三个以上的人或物。 (a) few与(a) little (a) few和(a) little具有名词或形容词的性质，在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。(a) few与可数名词复数连用；(a) little与不可数名词连用。few和little表示否定，指“几乎没有”，在反意疑问句中尤其要注意；a few和a little指“有一些”，相当于some。 other，the other，others与another other作形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，常用在单数或复数名词的前面；the other表示已知两个人或事物中的另外一个，表示特指，常与one连用；others表示泛指，意为“其他的人或物”，常用于some.，others.结构中；the others表示特指，意为“其他的人或物”；another表示三者或三者以上的另外一个。 2复合不定代词的用法 在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分的主语是指人的复合不定代词，如everybody，nobody，anyone等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词they；当陈述部分的主语是指物的复合不定代词，如everything，anything，something，nothing等时，疑问部分的主语通常用代词it。 当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词something，everything，everyone等时，形容词或else必须放在这些词的后面。 everyone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one既可指人也可指物，还可以和of连用。 【例4】 Your tea smells great！(2013，苏州) Its from India.Would you like _？ Ait Bthis Csome Dlittle 解析：根据对话内容可知，是向对方提供喝的东西，并希望得到肯定回答。 答案：_C 【例5】 We need to go shopping.There is _ juice left in the fridge.(2013，鞍山) Alittle Bfew Cmany Dmuch 解析：few，many修饰可数名词；little，much修饰不可数名词。果汁为不可数名词，且句意为“冰箱里几乎没有果汁了”，表否定。 答案：_ A 【例6】I made a call to my parents yesterday，but _ of them answered it.(2014，泰安) Aeither Bnone Cneither Dnobody 解析：由句意“昨天我给父母打电话了，但是他们一个人都没有接”可知，两者都没接。 答案：_C 【例7】 It snowed heavily last night.Is everyone in our class here today? Yes，and _ of us was late for school this morning.(2013，襄阳) Anone Bneither Call Deither 解析：由句意可知“都来了，没有一个人迟到”，表示三者或三者以上都不。 答案：_A 【例8】 Is New Zealand a big country? No，New Zealand only has two islands.One is North Island，_ is South Island.(2013，凉山) Aother Bthe other Canother 解析：表示两者中的另外一个，常用one.，the other.结构。 答案：_B 【例9】Look！The clock has stopped.Maybe theres _ wrong with it.(2014，北京) Aeverything Bsomething Canything Dnothing 解析：anything一般用于否定句和疑问句中，故排除C；everything一切；nothing没有什么。由句意“看！钟已经停了。可能它有一些毛病”可知，应选something。 答案：_B 高频考向三指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指在时间或空间上较远的事物或人。有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物。如： I had a cold.Thats why I didnt come. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替。如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai. this在电话用语中代表自己，that则代表对方。如：Hello！This is Mary.Is that Jack speaking? 【例10】 Hello，is that Betty speaking? Yes._.(2013，锦州) AThis is Betty BIm Betty CYou are Betty DThats Betty 解析：电话用语中用this is.表达“我是”。 答案：_A 高频考向四疑问代词、关系代词 疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。如： Who is going to come here tomorrow？(作主语) What is that？(作表语) Whose umbrella is this？(作定语) Whom are you waiting for？(作宾语) 疑问代词与关系代词 疑问代词通常位于句首，引出特殊疑问句。 关系代词用来引导宾语从句，或定语从句。what不能用在定语从句中充当关系代词，但that可用在定语从句中作关系代词。宾语从句中的关系代词与疑问代词一致。 无论是疑问代词还是关系代词，which和what所指范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定范围内。如： Which books do you like best？你最喜欢哪几本书？ What books do you like best？你最喜欢什么样的书？ whom是who的宾格，在口语中作宾语时，也可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom。如： Who(m) did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到谁了？ For whom are you waiting？你在等谁？冠词 【例11】I really like the photo of my family _ my sister took in the city park last year.(2014，绍兴) Awhich Bwho Cwhat Dwhom 解析：考查定语从句，先行词the photo指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应该用which。 答案：_A 【例12】 _ is that man over there? Hes my uncle.(2013，南充) AWhat BWho CWhose 解析：询问人且在句中作主语。 答案：_B 一、单项选择。 1Aunt Tina will visit us soon._ is arriving tomorrow morning.(2014，重庆) AHe BShe CHis DHer 2My sister is old enough to dress _ now.(2014，长沙) Ahimself Bherself CmyselfBB 3Alice has a red pen，and the blue one is _，too.(2014，成都) Ahis Bher Chers 4When shall we swimming，this Friday or Saturday? _ is OK.Ill be free next week.(2014，哈尔滨) ABoth BEither CNeitherCC 5Bill thought _ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas.(2014，兰州) Ait Bthey Cthem Dhim 6Ill do the washingup.Jack，would you please do the floors？(2014，苏州) Why _？Susan is sitting there doing nothing. Aher Bshe CI DmeAD 7Betty and Kitty are twin sisters._ mother often dress them in colorful clothes.(2014，吉林) AThey BTheir CTheirs 8Our mother earth gives us _ we need in our daily life.(2014，临沂) Anobody Bnothing Ceverybody DeverythingBD 9You can take _ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.(2014，安徽) Aboth Bnone Ceither Dneither 10At present，children mean _ to most parents in China.(2014，河南) Aeverything Bnothing Canything DsomethingCA 11Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. That is，it is larger than _ country in Asia.(2014，黄冈) Aany Bany other Cother DanotherB 12Is your friend Michael still in Australia? I dont know.I have _ information about him because we havent seen each other for _ years.(2014，随州) Aa little；a few Blittle；a few Ca few；a little Dfew；a little 13Which is your new neighbour，Liu Hua? The man _ Tshirt is red.(2014，泰安) Athat Bwho Cwhich DwhoseBD 二、根据句意及提示完成单词。 14Lucy often learns French by _(自己) after school.(2014，黔西南) 15Although _(两者都不) of her parents had gone to college，she was really good at studying.(2014，白银) 16May I use your mobile phone？_(我的) is at home.(2013，滨州)herselfneitherMine 17Boys and girls，did you enjoy _(你们自己) during the vacation？(2013，南充) 18His toy is on the bed and _(她的) is on the desk.(2013，扬州) 19This shirt doesnt fit me well.Can you show me _(另一个) one？(2013，牡丹江)yourselveshersanother 20I dont know whether the dream can come true，but I will try _(I) best.(2014，云南) 21Kids，help _(you) to some fruit，its good for your health.(2014，扬州) 22I could hardly believe she had made a video about water pollution by _(her)(2013，上海)myyourselvesherself 【名题实战】 1I really enjoy Chinese food! Me，too.My mouth was watering _ I watched the TV program A Bite of China.(2014，湖州) AwhenBbefore CsinceDafter连词A 2Your dream will come true _ you put your heart and soul into it.(2014，泰安) Aif Bunless Calthough DUntil 3Which of the two magazines will you take? Ill take _ though I find _ of them are very useful to me.(2014，黄冈) Aall；both Beither；either Ceither；neither Deither；bothAD 4Diana isnt here，_ leave a message on her desk.(2014，河北) Aor Bso Cand Dbut 5You cant improve your spoken English _ you practice it every day from now on.(2014，襄阳) Aas soon as Bunless Cif DsinceBB 【考点梳理】 中考对连词的考查内容主要是连词的基本用法和一些常见近义连词的辨析，大多数情况下是将连词放在并列句和复合句中。 高频考向一并列连词 表示平行或承接关系的：and，both.and.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，as well as等；表示转折关系的：but，yet，while，however等；表示选择关系的：or，either.or.，not.but.；表示因果关系的：for，so等。 both.and.连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；neither.nor.，not only.but also.，either.or.连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”；as well as连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数 上 保 持 一 致 。 s o 与 b e c a u s e ， b u t 与although/though不能同时出现在一个句子中，二者只能选其一；and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或选择疑问句中。 【例1】 The train was late，_ we had to wait for half an hour.(2013，锦州) Abecause Bor Cso Dbut 解析：“不得不等半个小时”是“火车晚点”的结果。 答案：_C 【例2】Dont run in the classroom，_ you may hurt yourself.(2014，陕西) Aand Bor Cbut Dso 解析：由语境可知句意为“不要在教室里跑，否则你可能会伤到你自己。” 答案：_B 【例3】How do you like the two pairs of shorts? They didnt fit me well.They are _ too long _ too short.(2014，滨州) Anot only；but also Bboth；and Cneither；nor Deither；or 解析：由答句前半句推知后半句句意为“他们不是太长就是太短”。not only.but also不但而且；both.and.两者都；neither.nor.既不也不；either.or.不是就是。 答案：_ D D 高频考向二从属连词 从属连词是指用于连接各种从句的连词。 引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)的从属连词有that，whether，if (是否)，as if；连接代词有who，whom，whose，which，what等；连接副词有when，where，how，why等。 引导状语从句的从属连词 引导时间状语从句的连词有：when，while，as，until/till，as soon as，before，after等。 特别提示：while与as只能和延续性动词连用；若as soon as引导的时间状语从句中主句用一般将来时，则从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。 引导目的状语从句的连词有so，so that，in order that，in case等。 引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，for，since等。 引导结果状语从句的连词有：so.that，such.that等，so修饰adj.或adv.。such修饰名词，当名词前面有many，much，few或little修饰时，应用so。 引导让步状语从句的连词有：although，though，however(no matter how)，even if/though等。 引导比较状语从句的连词有：as，than，as.as，not so/as.as等。 引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless，as/so long as等。 引导地点状语从句的连词有：where，wherever。 【例4】Youd better make a good plan _ you take a holiday.(2013，莱芜) Abefore Bduring Cuntil Dafter 解析：由语境可知句意为“在你度假之前最好制定一个好的计划”。before“在之前”；during“在期间”；until“直到为止”；after“在之后”。 答案：_A 【例5】Talk to your teacher and you will get help _ you have a problem.(2014，临沂) Aunless Bif Cuntil Dso 解析：由语境可知句意为“如果你有问题，就去和你的老师说，你将会获得帮助”。故应用if引导的条件状语从句。 答案：_B 【例6】 May I go to the movies with you? Im afraid not _ you have a ticket.Because I have only one.(2014，益阳) Aif Bunless Cthough 解析：由答语后半句“我只有一张票”可推知前句 应 为 “ 我 恐 怕 ， 你 不 能 ， 除 非 你 有 一 张票。”if“如果”；unless“除非”；though“尽管；虽然” 答案：_B 【例7】Her grandfather lives a simple life _ he has much money.(2014，孝感) Abecause Bso Cthough Dif 解析：由前半句“他的爷爷过着简朴的生活”和后半句“他有很多钱”可知，前后在语意上存在转折关系，故此处应用though引导的让步状语从句。 答案：_C 【例8】 Tony never spends money on buying books _ he doesnt like reading.(2013，贺州) Abut Bbecause Cthough Duntil 解析：but“但是”；because“因为”；though“尽管，虽然”；until“直到”。由前句的意思可知，后面是原因。 答案：_B 一、单项选择。 1_ I am in trouble，my classmates will help me out.(2014，成都) ABefore BWhenever CAlthoughB 2Tim，how do your parents like pop music? _ my dad _ my mom likes it.They both prefer classical music.(2014，福州) AEither；or BNeither；nor CNot only；but alsoB 3We are leaving tomorrow.We will be away _ next Friday.(2014，威海) Afrom Buntil Con Dsince 4Laura opened the door and rushed into the rain _ I could stop her.(2014，济宁) Auntil Bafter Cbefore DunlessBC 5Read this article，_ you will understand that not everything can be bought with money.(2014，苏州) Aor Band Cbut DSo 6_ jeans were invented over 100 years ago，theyre in fashion today.(2014，江西) ABecause BIf CAlthough DSinceBC 7I can hardly believe my eyes.Is that you，Lucy? Yes.It has been almost 20 years _ we were together.(2014，黄冈) Asince Bbefore Cafter DuntilB 8Will you please give this message to Helen? Sure.Ill give it to her _ she arrives here.(2014，赤峰) Auntil Balthough Cbefore Das soon asD 9Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow? Yes，_ it rains heavily.(2014，广东) Aif Bunless Cuntil DwhenB 10We will certainly enter a good high school _ we work hard. Yes.Our dream will come true by working hard.(2014，鄂州) Aas soon as Bas long as Cas far as Deven ifB 11The little boy is _ lovely _ everyone likes him.(2014，巴中) Asuch；that Btoo；to Cso；that 12How do you like the popular documentary “A Bite of China (舌尖上的中国)”？ Excellent！You wont realize how wonderful our Chinese food is _ you watch it.(2014，荆州) Awhen Bas Cafter DuntilCD 二、同义句转换，每空一词(含缩略形式)。 13Mr.Wang does well in English.He does well in French，too. Mr.Wang does well in _English _French. 14It was such a hot day that we went swimming. It was _that we went swimming. 15I went to bed after I finished washing the clothes. I _go to bed _I finished washing the clothes.bothandso hotdidntbefore/until 16If you are not quick，you will be late for school. Be quick，_you will be late for school. 17If he studies hard，he will pass the exam. _he studies hard，he will not pass the exam.orUnless 18Id like to go shopping with my mother this afternoon，so I finished my homework early. I finished my homework early _I can go shopping with my mother this afternoon. so that