计算专业英语

计算机专业英语计算机专业英语 第二次作业第二次作业 一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) ) （一）一）Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese。( (写出下列词组的汉语。写出下列词组的汉语。） 1database 2flat-file database 3relational database 4data structure 5built in 6coding 7machine language 8. property window 1 1、数据库、数据库 2 2、平面文件数据库、平面文件数据库3 3、关系型数据库、关系型数据库4 4、数据结构、数据结构5 5、内嵌的，固有的、内嵌的，固有的6 6、写代码，编码、写代码，编码7 7、机器语言、机器语言8 8、属性窗口、属性窗口9. software crisis10.object model11.black box testing12.white box testing13.bug14.software maintenance15.Requirements Analysis & Specification 9 9、软件危机、软件危机1010、对象模型、对象模型1111、黑盒测试、黑盒测试1212、白盒测试、白盒测试1313、错误、错误1414、软件维护、软件维护1515、需求分析和说明、需求分析和说明一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) )( (二二) )Fill in the blanks with the corresponding English abbreviations(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。写。) 1.结构化查询语言 2.关系型数据库管理系统 3.集成开发环境 4.多文档界面 5.单文档界面 6.面向对象分析 7.面向对象设计 8.面向对象程序1、SQL2、RDBMS3、IDE4、MDL5、SDI6、OOA7、OOD8、OOP一、一、Vocabulary(Vocabulary(词汇词汇) )(三三)Translate the following words into English(根据汉语根据汉语写出相应的英语写出相应的英语 )1.客户机/服务器 2.二维的3.点击鼠标右键 4.调试程序5.高级语言 6.标准版7.代码窗口 8.软件生命周期9.软件测试 10.数据流图client/serverclient/serverright clickright clickh high-level languageigh-level languagec code windowode windowtwo dimensionaltwo dimensionaldebug the programdebug the programs standard editiontandard editions software life cycleoftware life cycledata-flow diagramdata-flow diagrams software testingoftware testing二、二、Tell whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)(判断正误判断正误)F1. Client/server database system is no longer in use now ( )2.F1atfile style of database is suitable for large amounts of data ( )3. SQL Server can allow many users to visit the database at the same time ( )4.Maintenance of programs is not as important as the development ( )5.Highlevel language is popular，because it is directly executable in computer without compiling. ( )TFFF 6.There are various languages for humans，whereas(然而然而)there is only one programming language for computer ( )7.The windows that are displayed when you start VB are known as the Visual Basic Integrated Development Environment (IDE) ( )8.software engineering covers not only the technical aspects of building software systems，but also management issues ( )9.OOD is the stage of creation and OOP is an implementation stage ( )10.White box testing requires the tester to have knowledge of the internal structure ( )TFTTT三、三、Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar in meaning in the right column (连线题连线题)(一)1DBMS a结构化查询语言2relational database b维护3SQL (Structured Query Language) c高级语言4compile the program d数据库管理系统 5high-level language e多文档界面 6MDI (Multi-Document Interface) f关系数据库 7Maintenance g编译程序 8Object-oriented Design (OOD) h软件测试 9software testing i黑盒测试 10black box testing j面向对象设计 1.d 2.f 3.a 4.g 5.c 6.e 7.b 8.j 9.h 10.i ( (二二) ) 1machine language a调试调试 2assembly language b功能测试功能测试 3debugging c窗体窗体4functional testing d汇编语言汇编语言5white box testing e机器语言机器语言6form f白盒测试白盒测试7project window g表记录表记录8field h结构化程序设计结构化程序设计 9structured programming i工程窗口工程窗口 10table record j字段字段 1.e 2.d 3.a 4.b 5.f 6.c 7.i 8.j 9.h 10.g四、四、Fill in the blanks with suitable words or expressions from the list given below，and change the form where necessary( (从下面方框中选从下面方框中选择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空择合适的词或表达，以其适当的形式填空) )system group dimensional name design catalog location right Like many other RDBMSs，SQL Server uses two tables to store dataThese tables are called or dictionariesh is a secure system and allow you to assign to individual usersBy default，it use a to distinguish among different SQL Severs. To create a new database，you need to specify a And you may also change the of the database during this processA new database comes with over 10 tablesTo create a new table，you can use a table window .dimensionalcatalogsrightsgroupnamelocationsystemdesignA programming language，designed to the communication between human and computers，is a for describing computation in readable formThere are 3 levels of programming languages，they are ，which can be run directly by computer； and There are different highlevel programming languages. Fortunately。must of them have many kinds of in common and vary only in the way that these must be Therefore，first thing to be decided about a task is to choose which programming language is best suited for the job high-level language assembly language writtenmachine language facilitate notation constructfacilitatenotation machine languageassembly languagehigh-level language constructswrittenSoftware testingwhich is defined as the execution of a program to find its ， is a vital part of the software lifecycleThere are different types of testing，mainly，they are or functional testing， which tests whether the is the expected result with the input； and which is performed to problems with the structure of a programDebugging is the process of analyzing and locating bugs when software does not behave as expected Software testing is a much more means of identifying software Therefore，debugging supports testing other than replacing testing black box testing internal bug thorough reveal output faults valid white box testingfaultsblack box testingvalidoutputwhite box testingreveal internal thoroughbugs五五.Translation(.Translation(翻译翻译) ) (一一) Translate the following sentences into Chinese(将下列句子将下列句子翻译成汉语翻译成汉语。)1A database system is a software system which can manage a database stored in computer files2Relational databases also have functions “built in”that help them to get，sort and edit the data in many different ways 译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，可以管理用计算机文件形式译：数据库系统是一类软件系统，可以管理用计算机文件形式存放的数据库。存放的数据库。 译：译：关系型数据库还具有关系型数据库还具有“内置内置”的功能帮助其用多种方式获的功能帮助其用多种方式获取、排序和编辑数据。取、排序和编辑数据。 3SQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true clientserver database system 4During the last few years，it has been realized that maintenance of programs is more expensive than development，SO reading of programs by humans is as important as writing them 5. Programming languages are designed to facilitate the communication between human and computers 译：译：SQL Server被设计为充许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客被设计为充许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机户机/服务器数据库系统。服务器数据库系统。 译：在最近的几年中，人们已经意识到程序的维护比程序的开发更昂贵，译：在最近的几年中，人们已经意识到程序的维护比程序的开发更昂贵，因此程序的阅读和书写一样重要。因此程序的阅读和书写一样重要。译：译：程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间的交流更容易。程序设计语言用于使人类和计算机之间的交流更容易。 6Fortunately most programming languages have many kinds of constructs in common and vary only in the way that these must be written 7. Some applications，such as Word，allow for several windows in a special mode called MDI in which you can open multiple documents within the same application 8For developing a software product，the development process is divided into 5 stages：Requirements Analysis & Specification，Design，Coding，Testing，and Maintenance 译：译：幸运的是大多数的程序语言有很多种相同架构，只是在书写的方式上幸运的是大多数的程序语言有很多种相同架构，只是在书写的方式上有所不同。有所不同。 译：译：一些应用程序，如一些应用程序，如Word，允许一些表单窗口使用，允许一些表单窗口使用MDI模式，使你能模式，使你能够在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。够在一个软件中打开多个数据文档。 译：译：开发一个软件产品，开发过程分为开发一个软件产品，开发过程分为5步：需求分析和说明，设计，编步：需求分析和说明，设计，编码，测试和维护。码，测试和维护。 9Objectorientation may increase productivity because OOA and OOD，if done correctly，result in products that are cleaner，more understandable，and easier to implement and test 10Functional testing tests whether the output is the expected result with the valid input 译：译：面向对象方法可以提高生产效率是因为面向对象分析和设面向对象方法可以提高生产效率是因为面向对象分析和设计，如果正确执行了面向对象方法，可以产生出更清晰，更易计，如果正确执行了面向对象方法，可以产生出更清晰，更易理解，更容易实现和测试的软件。理解，更容易实现和测试的软件。 译：译：功能测试是检查使用有效的输入是否能得到所期望的输出。功能测试是检查使用有效的输入是否能得到所期望的输出。 (二)Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese(将下列各段翻译成汉语）。1SQL Server is a RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) made by MicrosoftThis means that the data is stored in two dimensional tablesRDBMSs a11 have tables called catalogs or dictionaries that contain information about the particular databasesSQL Server is designed to allow thousands of users to access the database at the same time and is a true client/server database systemIt is much more secure than AccessRights can be assigned to individual users and administratorsFor example you can setup one user that can only insert data in the database but cannot delete any 译：译：SQL ServerSQL Server是是MicrosoftMicrosoft开发的关系型数据库管理开发的关系型数据库管理系统。这意味着数据存储在二维的表中。关系型数据系统。这意味着数据存储在二维的表中。关系型数据库管理系统都具有被称为目录或字典的表，其中包含库管理系统都具有被称为目录或字典的表，其中包含待定数据库的信息。待定数据库的信息。SQL ServerSQL Server被设计为允许数千用被设计为允许数千用户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机户同时访问数据库，并且是真正的客户机/ /服务器数据服务器数据库系统，比库系统，比AccessAccess更加安全。可以为个别用户和管理更加安全。可以为个别用户和管理员分配权限。例如您可以设置某个用户只能在数据库员分配权限。例如您可以设置某个用户只能在数据库中插入数据，而不能删除任何数据。中插入数据，而不能删除任何数据。 2. A high-level language is an artificial language with which we can write various instruction. This is possible not because computer processors are now so technologically advanced that they can “understand” these languagesYou should translate from programming languages into machine language which can be understood by the computer processorsCompilers can accomplish this taskThis does mean that a highlevel language program is not directly executable：it must be compiled to produce processor program，which is executable 译：译：高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不高级语言是一种人造语言，使用它我们可以写不同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器的技术同的指令。这成为可能不是因为计算机处理器的技术如今是如此先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言。你需如今是如此先进以至于它们可以理解这些语言。你需要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语要将这些语言翻译成计算机处理器能够理解的机器语言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言言。编译器能够完成这项工作。这就意味着高级语言程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程程序不是直接可执行的：它必须被编译生成处理器程序，这些程序是可执行的。序，这些程序是可执行的。 3Over the last few decades there has been a tremendous growth in information technology and its impact on everyday lifeComplex software systems have become critical to the operation of many systems in areas such as banking， communications，manufacturing，power generation，and transportationProgress in computer science and accumulated experience with industrial production of software have led to the emergence of software engineering as a separate disciplineThe software engineering discipline has been defined as“the application of systematic，disciplined，quantifiable approaches to the development，operation，and maintenance of software”that is，the application of engineering to software. 译：译：在过去的几十年间，信息技术有了巨大的发展，在过去的几十年间，信息技术有了巨大的发展，并且影响着我们每天的生活。复杂的软件系统已经成并且影响着我们每天的生活。复杂的软件系统已经成为许多领域的关键，如银行、通信、制造业、电力、为许多领域的关键，如银行、通信、制造业、电力、交通等。随着计算机科学的进步和工业生产经验的积交通等。随着计算机科学的进步和工业生产经验的积累，导致软件工程作为一个独立的标准出现。软件工累，导致软件工程作为一个独立的标准出现。软件工程规范已经被定义为程规范已经被定义为“应用系统的、规范的、量化的应用系统的、规范的、量化的方法开发、操作和维护软件。方法开发、操作和维护软件。”也就是说，使用工程也就是说，使用工程的方法开发软件。的方法开发软件。