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如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!1.The Advantages and Disadvantages of Private TutoringPrivate tutoring is “in”. A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of pupils have private tutors. While private tutoring has both advantages and disadvantages, I feel that we should give more thoughts to its negative effects.Such a popular practice clearly indicates that people are attaching greater importance to education. Many parents either missed the chance of obtaining a good education themselves or have been too busy with their own business. When their children meet with difficulties in study, they are helpless. Private tutoring seems to be the only solution. As private tutoring is usually given on the one-to-one basis, the teacher knows the strong points as well as the weak points of the pupil; and teaching is, in most cases, directly to the point. Private tutoring benefits a lot of pupils, indeed.While on the other hand, private tutoring has its own disadvantages. For one thing, it takes up so much of the pupils time that they can hardly find enough time for rest or entertainment, which is essential for kids physical and mental health. Besides, some teachers, busy “shuttling” from one family to another, tend to neglect their regular teaching duties. What is more, some teachers are eager to help pupils do well on the test, offering the so-called tips for test-taking instead of helping them acquire 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!what is most needed.Generally speaking, for private tutoring the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. Greater emphasis should be laid on classroom teaching and regular practice, on the improvement of teaching quality and on the tapping of the pupils potentialities. As educators, teachers foremost responsibility is to encourage pupils to be curious about what is around the bend, over the horizon, and to show them the doors to knowledge are always wide open. 2Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words and base your writing on the outline given below in Chinese. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.1. 自信在学习、工作中的重要作用不言自明。2. 自信完全不同于自负，它是建筑在个人学识、判断和才智基础之上的。3. 许多学者和职业人士，都强调自信在人生道路中的关键作用，这对于我们有一定的启示。如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Reference:Self-confidence is, without doubt, the most important factor for success in school or at works.The importance of self-confidence is self-evident. If we dont feel self-confident about our ability, we will not be able to take up a task and get it done. If we dont have confidence in our competence, we wont be courageous enough to face up to a challenge. Only when we think we are capable of doing something, will we be able to succeed in doing that.Self-confidence is different from complacency. It is solidly based on our knowledge, judgment, abilities and skills. To develop it takes years of learning and to consolidate it needs years of practicing. Self-confidence means more than mental preparedness. It serves as an indication of professional readiness. It is also an expression of intellectual maturity.As we all know, many great people emphasize the crucial role of self-confidence as “the first requisite to great undertakings.” Dr. William A. Nolen, a well-known American surgeon, believes it it self-confidence that makes a good surgeon. Walt Disney, the well-known American cartoonist, describes self-confidence as “the greatest of all secrets of making dreams come true.”如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!With self-confidence, we are able to firmly take each step in our journey of life and it is self-confidence that has been paving the way to the ultimate goal of our professional careers.3A Random Remark on Teaching Methods Ive noticed that there are, basically, two teaching methods existing in our educational insitutions today. One is the traditional lecture method our teachers are used to; the other is the group learning method adopted by many of our guest teachers at college. In a lecture classroom, the teacher dominates the class by doing most of the talking. Students listen and take notes. The method is best at passing on content to students, whose brains are seen as vessels to be filled in. And the rigid class schedule helps prepare students for a society tht values discipline and self-control. But generally, students remain totally passive, given little responsibility for their own learning. In contrast, the teacher of a group learning classroom appears to have no definite role at all, and students are not required to memorize any information. Instead, they are encouraged to actively generate their own ideas, each contributing insights for the success of the group. This method best prepares students for a society that values creative ideas. The disadvantage is, however, that students are apt to overemphasize practical experience, lacking in necessary basic skills and background knowledge.如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载! In my opinion, a “hybrid” method might work better. On the one hand, teachers should spend considerable time preparing their lessons but leave more room for students to display their creativeness. On the other, teachers should provide more interactive activities in class-designing challenging group tasks and encouraging different opinions. It is important that teachers get themselves involved in the lives of their students, fully aware of what they think and what the society really needs. Only in this way can students become active yet well disciplined, creative yet self-controlled.4Why a Sense of Humor Is ImportantA sense of humor, Gods greatest gift to mankind, is universally considered the most valuable personality asset. Everyone is born with it, but we still have to cultivate it. A person without humor is just like a spring without flowers. In a sense, your personality lies in your sense of humor. 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!Humor can enhance physical as well as mental well-being. It helps us bear our burdens, lessen our tension, overcome our frustration, relax our body muscles, and dissolve countless trifles and irritations. With a crack of joke, all our worries, sadness and tension and tiredness disperse like mist and smoke, and we are full of vim and vigor once again. Humor helps us live in harmony with others. It is unavoidable to have misunderstanding and tension with others during work and study, but humor is a rubber swordit allows you to make a point without drawing blood. Moreover, humor can work as a “pacifier,” injecting a light note into the touchy situation to ease problems quicker than angry words and quarrels. Equipped with this secret weapon, you can always keep on good terms with others. “A day without laughter,” says Charlie Chaplin, the most well-known British comedian, “is a day wasted.” A sense of humor is really one of the keys to happiness. It gives zest to life to make it worth living. 如果您需要使用本文档，请点击下载按钮下载!5.Hard work, Good luck and Rare OpportunityPeople who succeed are usually capable and hard-working; but capable and hard-working people do not necessarily succeed. Is there any other factor which often plays a subtle part in the making of success? The military genius Napoleon is said to have once talked about one of his brilliant generals, “I know hes good. But is he lucky?” Napoleon learned from his own experience that during a military career, one should have had luck on his sidebravery and talent can hardly make up for bad luck on the battlefield.But hard work contains the basic essentials for success. Nothing can replace hard work. Very often, diligence and perseverance may “invite” good luckworking hard also means that youre preparing yourself for opportunity, which depends to a certain extent on luck. And luck sometimes means no more than happening to be on the right place to do the right thing.To be true, many of the great discoveries and inventions came about through a lucky mistake or by a lucky chance. Doctor A Fleming invented the “wonder drug” penicillin by “accident,” and Columbus, by “mistake,” discovered America. However, neither Flemings invention nor Columbus discovery was made by sheer chance or pure luck. They were backed up by years of study, calculation, observation and experiment. People who work hard help make their own luck, for they are often ready when opportunity knocks. “Opportunity often knocks only once.” They are observant, always alert for what has happened, and good at seizing the opportunity and setting to work to find out why. So for successful people, may we say that hard work and good luck are going hand in hand? （注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）
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