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人教版英语精品资料（精修版）B卷能力素养提升【说明】本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) AAs the population of the planet increases, so does the number of homes, businesses, parking lots, schools, airports and roadways. All these structures use electricity and need to be lighted. Humans demand these lights. They want their homes more comfortable and they want their streets safer. The problem is that researchers are finding that all the light is having a negative effect on humans and wildlife as well.Less than ten years ago I drove to a thinly populated section of my town, lay down in the middle of the road and watched an attractive meteor shower (流星雨). The area was short of homes, street lights and traffic. If I did that today, I wouldnt be able to see the meteor shower as well. Due to the increase in street lights, I would surely be run over by a car.Nowadays scientists are finding light pollution can be almost as bad as carbon dioxide pollution. If youve ever taken a flight at night, the view is beautiful, but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity. The crew of the space shuttles see an even bigger picture of how extensive the wasted electricity is worldwide.One of the saddest parts of light pollution is that most of it is unnecessary and most of the outdoor light that we use is wasted. One only needs to look at a row of street lights to see how much of the light shines upwards and lights the sky; a total waste of electricity.Additionally, somewhere electricity needs to be produced, and the production of electricity creates pollution by releasing greenhouse gases. This affects the air we breathe and our quality of life.Scientists are also studying the effects of light pollution on wildlife. Thousands of birds die each year when they crash into highly lighted buildings, as they become puzzled by the light. It has been long known that tiny baby sea turtles become lost and follow lights on the shore instead of heading towards the sea.Fortunately, light pollution is one of the easiest sources of pollution that can be corrected without a negative effect. Following some guidelines and a little searching on Google can give you many ideas on how to reduce your contributions to light pollution.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。谈到污染，你可能会想到空气污染、水污染等。但你有没有意识到光污染所带来的危害呢？1It is implied in Paragraph 3 that the best way to deal with light pollution is _.Areducing the output of the lightsBavoiding the use of unnecessary lightingCeducating people about light pollutionDinventing environmentallyfriendly lights解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中“but you must remember that all the light you see wastes electricity”可知，所有的照明都会浪费电，因此，为了减少光污染，我们在不需要照明的时候就不应该使用。故选B。2Which of the following is the effect of light pollution?AMany animals species have died out.BMore traffic accidents happen every day.CThe air we breathe may be polluted.DIt is much easier for us to watch meteor showers.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，光污染影响我们赖以生存的空气，影响我们的生活质量。故C项正确。根据第六段第二句中“Thousands of birds die each year”可知A项错误；B项在文中没有提到；根据第二段倒数第二句可知D项错误。3What can be inferred from the text?AWe are almost at a loss about how to deal with light pollution.BGlobal warming results in light pollution in some way.CAstronauts cant see clearly in space nowadays.DSome animals use natural light to direct their movements.解析：选D推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第三句“It has been long known . towards the sea.”可推知，小海龟在爬向海滩时，误将人造光源当成了自然光源，从而迷失了方向。由此可推知，一些动物是靠自然光源来指引其方向的。故D项正确。4What will probably be provided following the last paragraph?AHelpful tips for surfing the Internet.BApproaches to decreasing light pollution.CBenefits of searching on Google.DMore bad effects of light pollution.解析：选B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，接下来作者会列举一些有助于减少光污染的方法。故选B。BFood is always the best weapon to fight against time rather than using cosmetics and health products. The food on the following list will help you to keep fit, maintain a healthy heart, increase immunity and spend everyday happily.Avoid Memory LossFresh cheese will contribute to memory improvement because of its linoleic acid. It is also good for your bones due to the high calcium level. Eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter, green pepper, cauliflower, pork liver and oysters are also good for your memory. A cup of red wine everyday is good for the nerve cells.Fight Against FatChoosing the right food is an easy way to keep fit, like eating tuna fish, which is low in sugar and fat and also has few calories. Furthermore, it contains a variety of high quality protein and other nutrients, and it tastes good. Rich in iron, it is especially good for young women. Tuna fish is considered to be a great source of protein. Eating 85 grams of tuna fish will provide you with 20 grams of protein; therefore you dont have to worry about gaining weight when you eat it. Eating tuna fish is definitely a good choice to help keep fit.Clean Blood Breakfast with bread and honey is a wise choice for women. And the darker the honey, the better it is for you. According to research, dark honey is the best protection for human cells as it contains abundant elements with antioxidant functions. The elements found in honey will help clean your blood and prevent cardiac and cerebral diseases. If you like to exercise in the winter, you should eat more honey. The carbohydrates in honey will maintain your blood sugar level.Increase ImmunityOranges contain the most vitamin C, 30 percent more than other kinds of fruit. The simplest and most effective way to prevent winter colds is to eat oranges. 1 or 2 oranges a day will satisfy the bodys demand for vitamin C.Young HeartFlavonol in broccoli florets can make people stronger and prevent cancer. Research conducted on 34,000 women revealed that flavonol can protect the heart and lower myocardial infraction from happening by a rate of 1520 percent. However, flavonol in other plants such as tea or apples do not have this ability. Other than broccoli florets, walnuts are also good for the heart as they contain unsaturated fatty acid.Breast ProtectionAccording to latest US research, the risk of breast cancer in women who eat an egg everyday is 18 percent lower than those who dont eat eggs. Swedish scientists have found that rye has the same function as it has the ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.Maintain Your YouthNot everyone likes peanut butter, but no one should neglect it because of its strong antioxidation functions that come from the vitamin E it contains. It is also good energy food. Unsaturated fatty acid in peanut butter can help people feel full and the carbohydrates in it can give people greater physical strength and vigor.5Who will pay much attention to this passage?AThose who are suffering diseases.BThose who are intended to keep fit and stay beautiful.CThose who are in need of advice on health.DThose who are old and in bad condition.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第一段“Food is always the best weapon to fight against time rather than using cosmetics and health products”和“help you to keep fit, maintain a healthy heart, increase immunity and spend everyday happily”可知答案。6Which statement is TRUE?AOnly eggs, milk, whole wheat bread, peanut butter are good for your memory.BFresh cheese is also good for your bones due to its linoleic acid.CA cup of red wine everyday can avoid memory loss.DContaining a variety of high quality protein and other nutrients, Tuna fish doesnt taste good.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段“A cup of red wine everyday is good for the nerve cells.”和第三段可知答案。7If you want to clean your blood, what should you take in?AWhole wheat bread.BHoney. CTea. DOranges.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第四段“The elements found in honey will help clean your blood”可知答案。8What can we conclude from the last two paragraph?AAll of us dont like peanut butter though we cant neglect it.BEating an egg every day can inhibit the growth of cancer cells.CPeanut butter isnt popular because it is good energy food.DThe more eggs, the less risk of breast cancer. 解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后两段和最后一段“Not everyone likes peanut butter, but no one should neglect it”可知答案。C In all the worlds cultures, people sing, play instruments, and celebrate with music.It plays such an important role in our lives that all fields focus on its study, including one looking at the biology of music.Experts are finding that because of the way our brains process music, learning to play an instrument or just listening to music can have a wide range of benefits.Music education has received a lot of attention.Learning to play an instrument can help children improve math, science, and language skills.One study in Canada tracked childrens IQ scores for nine months, discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements.The secret may lie in the way reading music and playing notes uses several areas of the brain, increasing our ability to learn school subjects.For example, reading notes improves spatial reasoning skills, which are helpful in solving math problems like fractions.Music is also used for medical purposes, such as the treatment of diseases which affect memory.The secret lies in the way the brain processes music.One area near the forehead, the medial prefrontal cortex, connects music with memories stored in two other areas：the amygdale and hippocampus.Thats why an old song can remind you of something that happened years ago.For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimers, listening to music can help unlock buried memories by strengthening musical pathways to memories.With the evidence of musics benefits pouring in, its no wonder some countries make music study a part of their education systems.People are recognizing that more than just a form of entertainment, music is also great for the brain.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了学习音乐以及演奏乐器等的种种益处，其中提到了它可以提高学生的学习成绩以及起到药物治疗的作用等等。9Scientists are studying music because _.Amusic can be used for medical treatmentsBmusic plays a very important role in our livesCour brains can process music in different waysDmusic education has received a lot of attention解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知音乐在我们的生活中发挥着重要的作用，因此人们热衷于对它的作用进行研究。10According to the Canadian study, which children had increased IQ scores?AThose who already had high IQs.BThose who had always played music.CThose who could not play any instrument.DThose who studied music for a period of time.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段的“.discovering that children who studied music had the biggest test score improvements”可知加拿大的研究证明了学习音乐的孩子学习成绩会进步。11Which of the following is a kind of disease?ASpatial reasoning.BAlzheimers.CThe amygdale and hippocampus.DThe medial prefrontal cortex.解析：选B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“For patients suffering from diseases like Alzheimers, listening to music can help unlock buried memories”可知B项是一种疾病，即老年痴呆症。12What can be the best title for the text?AMusic and healthBMusic and the mindCMusic and education DMusic and instruments解析：选B标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了音乐对于人们思想的影响，涉足音乐可以促进我们智力的提高，以及改进我们的记忆等情况，因此B项符合题意。D Graham and his friends preferred to shoot_up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but didnt know how to save her son.“Once, after hed disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friends house with a bunch of other users，” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was gone.I dont know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station.Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs.If I hadnt gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.”The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession.Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement (强制执行) to keep track of youthrelated crimes so it can help families in trouble.Following a counselors advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana.“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom，” he said, “But if she hadnt done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where hes grown close to Wendy once again.“I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night，” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks thats a miracle. I guess she is right.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位伟大的母亲Wendy对吸毒成瘾的儿子Graham永不言弃，千方百计地使他从绝境中回头，开始了新的人生，用母爱创造了一个奇迹！13The underlined phrase “shoot up” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_”Aincrease very quickly and suddenlyBput illegal drugs into the body by using a needleCkill or injure someone by using a gunDtry to achieve a particular aim 解析：选B词义猜测题。结合整篇文章都是围绕Graham吸毒、戒毒等可推知仅有B项“使用针管将非法毒品注入体内”与此有关。14When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham _.Ahad just taken drugs and was in the state of excitementBwas sleeping in a high bed above the groundChad just taken drugs and was in the state of sufferingDwas quarrelling with his mother解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“I was high when they came and really angry with my mom(当他们来时我正处于精神亢奋状态，真的很生母亲的气)”可知选A。15What conclusion can be drawn from the end of the passage?AGraham is still using drugs now.BGraham hates his mother very much.CGraham thinks he cant be saved.DGraham has come off drugs now.解析：选D细节理解题。根据全文最后“But life is worth living again. My mom thinks thats a miracle. I guess she is right.(但生活是值得的。我妈妈认为这是一个奇迹。我想她是对的。)”可知选D。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)How to Be a Good FriendA good friend, who wouldnt want one? Ever felt yours just not good enough but dont know where to improve? _16_ I used to annoy a lot of my friends before, just for the sake of having fun and from that, Ive learned how to be a good friend, and stay as a good friend.Listen.No one likes being interrupted when theyre talking. So, when someone talks, keep yourself quiet and listen to them, especially if theyre feeling down, you need to be the shoulder for them to cry on. If you have any comment to make, be sure that you word it in a way where you dont sound too negative. _17_ When you just dont share the same interest or youre not in the mood to listen to them, politely let them know and ask them to understand.Always smile. _18_ The least you can do is, whenever you see your friends, smile and say hello. That way, if they had a bad day, you can make them feel better with your smile along with your ear, and maybe, you can share something funny to cheer them up.Dont ever lie.Everyone would hate being lied to, especially if its by your own friend, so dont lie! It might seem alright to lie occasionally, but once you lose your friends trust, you may lose them forever. _19_ Keep secrets.Make sure you can keep a secret. If not, tell your friends straight away you cannot help yourself when it comes to secrets. Otherwise, when you let them tell you about their secrets and you “accidentally” share it with someone else, youll have your friends hating you for the rest of your life. _20_ Secrets are not meant to be shared, so dont even try.AEveryone has their bad days, and its unavoidable.BAnd that is something you surely do not want to happen.CWell, youve come to the right place.DA few people seem upset at you for being so direct.EOtherwise, they may just take it as you are trying to put them down.FThis same thing happened to a good friend of mine.GTheyll probably call you “big mouth”答案：1620CEABG.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) A young and successful executive was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching _21_ kids dashing out from between parked cars and _22_ when he thought he saw something.As his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick _23_ into the Jaguars side door. He slammed on the brakes and spun the Jaguar back to the _24_ from where the brick had been thrown.He jumped out of the car, grabbed some kid and pushed him up against a parked car, _25_， “What was that all about and who are you? What are you doing？” Building up a head of steam, he went on. “Thats a new car and that brick you threw is gonna _26_ a lot of money. Why did you do it？”“Please, Mister, please, Im sorry. I didnt know what else to do！” pleaded the youngster.“Its my brother，” he said. “He rolled _27_ the curb (路边) and fell out of his wheelchair and I cant _28_ him up.” _29_， the boy asked the executive, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? Hes hurt and hes too _30_ for me.” _31_ beyond words, the driver tried to _32_ the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and _33_ the scrapes and cuts, checking to see that everything was going to be okay. “Thank you, sir. And God bless you，” the _34_ child said to him. The man then watched the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward their home.It was a long walk back to his Jaguar . a long, slow walk. He never did _35_ the side door. He kept the dent (凹痕) to _36_ him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your _37_. Life whispers in your _38_ and speaks to your heart. Sometimes, when you dont have the time to _39_ . Life throws a brick at your head. Its your choice: Listen to the whispers of your soul or wait for the _40_！语篇解读：本文是一篇故事类文章。当生命想与你的心灵窃窃私语，有时，你会没有时间去聆听，那么砖头就会落到你的头上，提醒你注意！有两种选择摆在你面前：聆听心灵的声音或者等待砖头降临！有时你会忽略深爱的人，那是因为你在生命的道路上行进太快，而无暇考虑是否真的爱他们。21A.inBfor C.up Dof解析：选B考查介词。watch for固定搭配，意为“当心(小孩冲出来)”，故选B。22A.sped upBmoved off C.slowed downDdrew off解析：选C考查动词短语。 speed up“加速”；move off “离开”；slow down“减速”；draw off “撤退，脱掉”。当车主觉得看到什么时，将车速减慢下来，故选C。23AsmashedBthrewCrushed Dattacked解析：选A考查动词。smash“砸”；throw“扔”；rush“冲出来”；attack“攻击”。由上下文可知，当车经过时，一块砖猛地砸碎(smash into)在车的侧门上，故选A。24AstreetBhouseCcar Dspot解析：选D考查名词。车主很生气地踩了刹车并后退到砖头丢出来的地方，故用spot，选D。25AspeakingBshoutingCtalkingDsaying解析：选B考查动词。车主生气，故用shout，选B。26Acost BtakeCspend Dpay解析：选A考查动词。车主接着又吼道：“你知道因为你扔的砖头要花费(cost)多少钱来修理这台新车吗？”，故选A。27AoffBaboutConDinto解析：选A考查介词。roll off“滚落下来”，从后文提到的轮椅可知选A。28A.riseBliftCputDdrag解析：选B考查动词。孩子不能把他哥哥抱起来(lift up)，故选B。29ACallingBYellingCSobbing DShouting解析：选C考查动词。从上文可知，孩子很焦急，应该是在啜泣、呜咽，故填sobbing，选C。30Aheavy BtallCweakDdifficult解析：选A考查形容词。对小孩来说他哥哥很重，故填heavy，选A。31AMovedBSurprisedCAnnoyedDPersuaded解析：选A考查动词。由下文可知，车主被孩子的行为感动了，故用moved，选A。32AspitBswallowCvomitDdigest 解析：选B考查动词。spit“吐口水”；swallow“吞咽”；vomit“呕吐”；digest“消化”。车主本还想责备那孩子，但看到眼前的情景，想说出口的话又咽了回去，故填swallow，选B。33AscratchedBappliedCwipedDdrafted解析：选C考查动词。scratch“抓，刮”；apply“涂”；wipe“擦拭”；draft“起草，打样”。车主用手帕擦拭(wipe)小孩哥哥的伤口，故选C。34AgratefulBsorrowfulCnaughtyDlovely解析：选A考查形容词。 由上文可知，车主帮助了孩子，孩子对其应是心存感激(grateful)，故选A。35Adecorate BrepairCcrash Dremove解析：选B考查动词。由下文“kept the dent (凹痕)”可知，车主并未去修理(repair)车，故选B。36Aremind BwarnCsenseDdetect解析：选A考查动词。remind“提醒”；warn“警告”；sense“感知”；detect“察觉”。车主未修理车身凹痕是为了提醒(remind)自己不要太匆忙，故选A。37AunderstandingBapprovalCsympathyDattention解析：选D考查名词。不要等到有人用“扔砖头”来引起你的注意(attention)，故选D。38A.spirit BsoulCghost Dmemory解析：选B考查名词。从文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul .”可知此空填soul，故选B。39AthinkBfeelClookDlisten解析：选D考查动词。从文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul .”可知此空填listen，故选D。40AmomentBidea
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