初中一年级英语上册知识点总结[共11页]

初中一年级英语上册知识点总结初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇一Unit 1词汇重点：1. Good morning/ afternoon / evening早上/下午/晚上好 Good night 晚安 (晚上告别)2. glad / nice to meet / see you见到你很高兴(回答也一样)3. welcome to +地点欢迎来到 (回答： Thank you 或者 Thanks)4.let s +原V)(让我们做 5. stand up起立 sit down 坐下6. this is-这是 (用于介绍第三者的用语)7. How do you do ?你好 (回答也是： How do you do ? )8. How are you ?你好吗? Fine ,thank you .and you ?很好;谢谢;你呢?I m OK / I m fine ,我to也o .很好。9.see you = see you later = see you soon = good-by再e见10.excuse me打扰一下 ;请问11.I -m-= my name is - 我是 12. be from = come from来自13.in English 用英语14.Can you spell it ? Yes / No你能拼写它吗? 能/不能15.That s OK / That s all right / You re welc不o m用e谢/ Not at all16. years old岁 17.telephone number电话号码QQ number QQ号码ID number 身份证18.the same 相( 同的 ) 反义词是 different (不同的 )例: We are in the same grade, but we are in different classes.重点句子句型：1. What is your name ?你的名字是什么 ?2. Where +be +主语+ from? 某人来自于哪里 ?(回答：主语+be+地点)Where are you from? I am from quanzhou.3. How old + be + 主语? 某人几岁? (回答： 主语+ be +数字 )例： How old are you ? I m forteen.4. What is your telephone number?你的电话号码是多少 ?(回答： My telephone number is-或者 It -s-) 注意：读出号码的时候要逐个读出。5. What class / grade +be +主语+ in ? 某人在哪一个班级/年级?例： what class are you in ? I am in Class Five.注( 意： Class和 Five 需要大写 )what grade are you in ? I am in Grade Seven注.( 意： Glass和 Seven需要大写 )6. What s this/ that (in English这) ?是什么 ? (回答： It s a/an单+数名词.这是 )What re these/ those (in English)这?些是什么 ?(回答： Theyr+e 复数名词这些是 )7. How do you spell it ?你怎么拼写它 ? E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser. (注意拼读方法 )Unit 21.sb + has/ have ( an /a ) + adj +五官 = sb 五s官 is / are + adj (描述长相 )例： Lily has a small nose. = Lily s nose is small.2.I know = I see我明白了3.That s rig那ht是对的4.look the same look like看起来相像 look different 看起来不同例： Jim and Lilei look the same.= Jim looks like Lilei. .5. look at + n 看某物 look for +n寻找某人/某物 look after +n 照顾某人6.both 两者都 all 三者或者三者以上都 Both 和 all 位于 be动词或情态动词后，位于行为动词前。例： We are both students. We both have black eyes. We can both speak English.7. give sth to sb = give sb sth把某物给某人 ; (注意：如果 sth是 it 或 them，只能用前者 )8. have different looks = look different 有着不同的长相 (看起来不相像 )have the same look. =look the same有着相同的长相 (看起来很相像 )9.over there在那边come in请进go out出去10. in +颜色 或 in a/an/the +颜色 + 衣服 表示穿着 颜色的衣服常常接在名词的后面，表示穿 -颜色衣服的 如 the girl in red is my sister.11. too + adj太 12.pants和 shoes做主语,谓语动词用复数 ;但 a pair of pants/ shoes作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式例： His shoes are black. A pair of shoes is under the bed.13. in the morning/ afternoom/ evening在早上/下午/晚上 at night 在晚上14.go shopping = go to the shop去购物类似的有 go swimming go fishing go skating 等等15.help sb. ( to ) do sth = help sb with sth帮助某人做某事 注意：sb用代词时必须用宾格16.high school中学17.play +球类play the乐器18.think of认为，想 think about 考虑I think + 从句 我认为 I think he you are right. 否定式常否定主句，但翻译时要否定后面的从句例： I don t think he can com我e.认为他不会来了 .(不能说：我不认为他会来 )句型：1. What do/does +主语+ look like ?询问人的长相例： What does your English teacher look like ?2.What -s-and - ? 加 是什么 ?(回答： It -s-)例： Whats red and yellow? It s orange. What s two and five? It s seven.3.Whose +东西 + is this/ that ? Whose +东西 +are these/ those ?这/这些 是谁的 ?例： Whose coat is this ? It is mine. Whose shoes are these ? They are hers.4.Who is the letter from?这封信来自于谁? It s from Lil它y.来自于莉莉。5.What color be +东西 ? (回答： It s颜+色 或者 Theyer +颜色 )例： What color is your dress? It s black.初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇二I.重点句型Good morning/afternoon/evening.Good morning/afternoon/evening.How are you? I m fine,/OK,thanks. Fine,thanks.Whats this in English? It s a map. It s V.Spell it please. K-E-Y.What color is it/the key? It s blue. The key is yellow.Hello, Frank. Hello/Hi, Eric.Unit 1 My name is Gina.I.重点句型Whats your name? My name is Jenny. /I m Jenny. /Jenny.Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you , too.Whats his name? His name is Jenny. Jenny.Whats her name? Her name is Linda. Linda.Whats your first name? My first name is Jack. Jack.Whats youralst/family name?My last/family name is Green. It s Green.Whats your/his/her phone number?My /His/Her phone number is 234-4567. /It s- 9218716 .II.词组1 names=name名is字是2 I m=I a我m是3 she s=she她i s是hes=he 他is 是youre =you a r你e 是(复数形式)theyre=they a他re (她;它)们是that s=that那i s是isn t=is n不ot是(单数形式)hes not =he is not=he isn他不是 twhats=what i什s 么是wheres=where在is哪儿是Let s=Let u让s我们4 Nice to meet/see you见到你很高兴5 last name=family name=surname姓氏6 first name = given name名字7 telephone number电话号码=phone number电话号码8 ID card 身份证9 Good morning (to sb)早上好10 Good afternoon下午好11 Good night /evening .晚上好12 Sit down, please. =Have a seat, please请. 坐13 That s all righ好t.;行;不用谢;没关系That s right对.的、正确的All right . 好的，行，好吧14 Not at all.=It s a/my pleasure.=That s OK.=Youre welcome.=That s all r不i g用ht.谢Unit 2 Is this your pencil?I.重点句型Is that/this/it your backpack? Yes, it is. No, it isn t . It s his backpack.This/That is my eraser.How do you spell it/pen? P-E-N.Call Allan at 486-67895 Call 685-6098 Call Mary. Phone # 235-7865.Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? Yes, it is. No, it isn t.II.词组1 pencil case铅笔盒2 pencil sharpener卷笔刀3 pen pal =pen friend笔友4 Thank you. =Thanks .谢谢你5 in English 用英语6 computer game(s)电子游戏7 Lost and Found失物招领8 a set of一副 ;一套a set of keys一串钥匙9 whos=who i谁s 是11 it s=i它t i s是12 look at 朝 看13 ball-point pen圆珠笔14 call sb at+电话号码打电话给某人15 gold ring 金戒指16 school ID card校卡17 See you later.=See you soon再. 见初中一年级英语上册知识点总结篇三一、初一英语语法 词法1、名词A)、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：一)在后面加 s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas二)x, sh, ch, s, tch后加 es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes三)1)以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为i 再加 es如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories2)以元音字母加 y结尾的直接加 s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways四)以 o 结尾加 s(外来词)。如：radios, photos,但如是辅音加 o的加 es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯五)以 f 或 fe结尾的变 f 为v 再加 es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf- shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves六)单复数相同 (不变的)有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese七)一般只有复数，没有单数的有： people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks八)单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有： police警察局，警察 , class班，同学,family 家，家庭成员九)合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如： action movie-action movies,pen pal-pen pals;但如果是由 man或 woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如： man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers十)有的单复数意思不同。如： fish 鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文 ,work 工作 works 作品，工厂 , glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜 , orange桔子水 oranges橙子,light 光线 lights 灯, people人 peoples民族, time 时间 times时代, 次数, chicken鸡肉 chickens小鸡十一) 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加 s或。s如：Is (I s), Ks ( K。 但如s)是缩略词则只加 s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs十二) 特殊形式的有： child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice,policeman-policemen, Englishman-EnglishmenB)名词的格当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：一)单数在后面加 。s如：brother s, Mike s, teacher s二)复数以 s结尾的直接在 s后加，如果不是以 s结尾的与单数一样处理。如： TeachersDay 教师节, classmates ; Children 六一s节D,aWy omens Da三y 八节三)由 and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个 ，s 但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如： Mike and Ben s roo迈m克和本的房间 (共住一间 )，Mikes and Ben s ro迈o m克s和本的房间 (各自的房间 )2、代词项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称 单数 she her her hers herselfhe him his his himselfit it its its this that itself复数 they them their theirs these those themselves3、动词A) 第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加 s，如下：一)一般在词后加 s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains二)在 x, sh, ch, s, tch后加 es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes三)1)以辅音字母加 y 结尾的变 y 为i 再加 es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries2)以元音字母加 y结尾的直接加 s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys四)以 o 结尾加 es。如：does, goes五)特殊的有： are-is, have-hasB) 现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：一)一般在后加 ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing,hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing二)以不发音 e的结尾的去掉 e再加 ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking,practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having三)以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母 +一个辅音字母 (注意除开字母组合如 show showing,draw-drawing)要双写最后的辅音字母再加 ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let- letting, begin-beginning四)以 ie 结尾的变 ie 为y 再加 ing。如：tie-tying 系 die-dying 死 lie-lying 位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或级形式。构成如下：一) 一般在词后加 er或 est(如果是以 e结尾则直接加 r 或st)。如：greater-greatest, shortershortest, tallertallest, longerlongest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest二)以重读闭音节结尾且 1 个元音字母 +1个辅音字母 (字母组合除外，如 few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加 er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest三) 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的变 y 为 i 加 er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest,friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easiereasiest四)特殊情况： (两好多坏，一少老远 )good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/illworse worstlittle- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest5、数词 (基变序，有规则 ;一、二、三，自己背 ;五、八、九、十二 ;其它后接 th;y 结尾，变为 i, eth 跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth,hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth