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Unit 2Unit 2The environmentThe environmentModule51.economy n. 经济 economic adj. 和经济有关的；economical经济的，便宜的 economically adv.经济方面地2.environment n. 环境 environmental adj. 环境的 environmentally adv. 环境方面地3.poison n. 毒药 poisonous adj. 有毒的； poisoned 中毒的4.pollute vt. 污染 pollution n. 污染 热热 点点 单单 词词5.benefit n. 益处，好处 beneficial adj. 有益处的 benefit v. 获益；对某人有益6.responsible adj. 负责任的 responsibility n. 责任；责任心 responsibly adv. 负责任地7.effect n. 影响，效果 effective adj. 有效的； ineffective 没有效果的 effectively adv. 有效地； ineffectively无效地热热 点点 单单 词词8.destroy vt. 毁灭 destruction n. 毁灭，破坏 destructive adj. 破坏的，毁灭的； destructively adv. 毁灭性地9.disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointment n. 失望；令人失望的人或事物 disappointed adj. 失望的； disappointing 令人失望的 disappointingly adv. 令人失望地热热 点点 单单 词词1.Have you seen the new arrivals？They arrivedarrived yesterday.2.The villagers are prohibitedprohibited from fishing in salmons(鲑鱼) breeding season. However, the prohibitiondoesnt seem to work at all.3.He argued forcefully that stricter laws were necessary to deal with the problem. It seemed that he would forceforce the government to take strong action. 热热 点点 单单 词词4.The farmersfarmers complain that all the farmablelands have been taken over by the housing developers.5.Most parents are very concerned over their childrens physical growth， but they pay little attention to how the kids growgrow psychologically.6.We need some techniciansto deal with some technicaltechnical problems.热热 点点 单单 词词7.The smart house is equippedequipped with very modern IT gadgets to keep it safe and comfortable. Nobody knows how much the equipment costs.8.The policy makers didnt realize the importanceof domestic demand (国内需求)until 2008 when some figures of other importantimportant economic areas fell sharply.热热 点点 单单 词词9.The conservationof natural resources is thought of as the only way to stop the planet from failing. Actually, American citizens are always encouraged to conserveconserve water and forests around them.10.We asked them to reservereserve the table for us, but now the manager denied our reservation .热热 点点 单单 词词 根据中文填单词完成句子，每空一词(记忆时，用下列横线上的新单词造句记忆)1.很明显，走进科学栏目有助于社会形成一种尊重科学的氛围，对工业与农业的发展以及环境保护大有帮助。 Obviously， the program of “approaching science” could help to create an atmosphere of respecting science in the society, which is of great help to the development of industry and agriculture and environmental preservation / protection .热热 点点 单单 词词2.世界各国非常赞赏中国政府为防止沙化和保护濒危野生动物而推行的强有力的措施。 Different countries around the world appreciate the forceful measures that the C h i n e s e g o v e r n m e n t t o o k t o s t o p desertification and to preserve / protect the endangered wild animals.热热 点点 单单 词词3.为监测中国东北和西北地区土壤沙化的情况，一批装备有先进设备和技术人员的监测中心建立了起来，以找出减少沙漠化的措施。 To monitor and to find solutions to decrease the desertification in Northeast and Northwest China, some monitoring centers were established， which were stocked / equipped with advanced equipment and technicians .热热 点点 单单 词词4.工业污染是大气最可怕的敌人。因此减少污染，杜绝有毒气体排放，才是环境保护的关键。 Industrial pollution is the awful enemy to the atmosphere. So the key to protecting the environment is to reduce the pollution and eradicate the emission of poisonous gases.热热 点点 单单 词词5.保护动植物的多样化的努力正在进行中，这项工作的焦点在于设立各种自然保护区，并打击非法捕猎。 Efforts to preserve the diversity of animals and plants are being made; it focuses on setting up different kinds of nature reserves; and hitting illegal hunting.热热 点点 单单 词词重重 点点 短短 语语根据中文写出英文短语1. 除以外 in addition (to)2. 扫除，消灭 wipe out3. 缩减，减少 cut back on4. 用光，用完 run out (of)5. 以的形式 in the form of6. 装备有，储备有 be stocked with7. 依靠，依赖于 rely on重重 点点 短短 语语8. 导致，产生(结果) result in9. 聚集于，集中于 focus on10. 对有长期的影响 have a lasting effect on11. 对有益 be beneficial to12. 对关心 be concerned about13. 肩并肩 side by side14. 自由发言 open the floor15. 禁止做 prohibitfrom doing1.open the floor for sth. 为展开自由讨论2.My suggestion is that we should try suggestion(建议)之后所加的从句，从句中使用虚拟语气(should动词原形)，同时should可以省略。3.What if we run out of space? what if 意为“倘使将会怎样？”重重 点点 句句 型型.根据课文中的重点句子进行同义转换1.As an economist, Im often seen as being against the environment. As I am working as an economist, people always regard me as the one whois against the environment.2.If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to voice them. If you have any questions or comments, you can raise / voice them by using the time left.重重 点点 句句 型型3.My suggestion is that we should try to cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy. I suggest that we (should) tryto cut back on production and reduce the amount of things we make and buy.重重 点点 句句 型型4.The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. The worlds population now is six times as much as what it was in 1800.5.Asking around, I find many people willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly. When asked ， many people are willing to pay slightly higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.重重 点点 句句 型型.汉译英1. 发言结束后，我们就开始自由提问。(open; speech)When the speech is over, we will open the floor for questions.2. 他们的要求是要禁止国企老总(CEO)给自己涨薪。(demand；prohibit；表语从句)Their demand is that the CEOs of stateowned companies should be prohibited from raising their own salaries.重重 点点 句句 型型3.森林资源被人类一扫而光了会怎么样？(wipe; if) What if the forests are wiped out by humans?4.这就是他们逃避对社会的责任的伎俩。(way; hide; 定语从句) This is the way (that / in which) they hide from their responsibility to the society.重重 点点 句句 型型重重 点点 单单 词词1、lay vt. 产卵，下蛋；放置，摆设。lie lay lain lying vi. 躺，位于，在于lie lied lied lying vi. 说谎lay laid laid laying vt. 放，搁，产卵，下蛋重重 点点 单单 词词Lying on the grassland, we could feel the cool air blowing and watch the stars glittering in the sky. 躺在草地上，我们能感觉到凉风吹拂和看到天空闪闪发亮的星星。Lies cannot cover up facts. 谎言不能掩盖事实。重重 点点 单单 词词2、concern n. 关心，关系，忧虑 vi. 与相关，涉及，使关心 be concerned with与相关 be concerned to do 认为做某事重要 as far as Im concerned 在我看来There is a public concern about corruption. 公众对于腐败很关心。Dont interfere in what doesnt concern you. 不要干涉 / 影响与你无关的事。重重 点点 单单 词词His job is concerned with computers. 他的工作和电脑有关。 concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的，烦恼的 be concerned about / for / over 为担心 / 忧虑 / 烦恼We are all concerned about/for/over your safety.我们都很为你的安全担心。 concerning prep. 关于We have a person who will be in charge of letters concerning public complaints. 我们有专人负责处理关于公众投诉的信件。重重 点点 单单 词词He is now having a hard time, _ about the problem _ the public transportation of the city.A. concerning； concerningB. concerned； concerningC. concerned； concernedD. concerning； concerned B 第一空是形容词短语充当原因状语，第二空为介词短语“关于”。重重 点点 单单 词词3、 prohibit vt. 禁止；不准；妨碍；阻止,常与from连用.Smoking is strictly prohibited in the process of handling explosive materials. 在处理易爆物时，严格禁止吸烟。Shops are prohibited_from_selling cigarettes and wine to high school students. 商店是不准向中学生售卖香烟和酒的。Boats are prohibited from entering this area in order to keep the dolphins safe. 船只被禁止进入这一河段，以保护河豚的安全。重重 点点 单单 词词 表示“禁止 / 阻止做”的句型还有： prevent(from) doing / be prevented from doing stopfrom doing / be stopped from doing keep from doing forbid / ban from doing discouragefrom doing重重 点点 单单 词词Some parents in the countryside keep their children _ in the fields instead of going to school, but now some policies are being made to keep the parents _ so. A.from working； from doing B. working； doing C. working； from doing D. from working； doing C 第一空是keep sb. doing 让某人(一直)做；第二空是keepfrom doing 阻止做重重 点点 短短 语语1、in addition 另外，而且，用来表示递进关系。 in addition to 除了外。这是一个介词短语，其后要接名词、代词或动名词充当宾语。 He cant go out with you. Because he is busy with his homework. In addition, the weather is bad. 他不能和你外出。因为他正在忙于做作业，而且天气不好。重重 点点 短短 语语 表示递进关系的词还有：besides, whats more, moreover, still more, whats better / worse, to make things better / worse等。重重 点点 短短 语语_ giving a general introduction to computer, the course also provides practical experience.A. In addition B. DespiteC. In addition to D. In spite of C 这里为介词短语，表示“除了”，而B、D项是表示“不顾”。重重 点点 短短 语语2、cut back on削减，缩减，相当于cut down on。Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.要尽量少吃脂肪和糖份含量过高的食品。重重 点点 短短 语语cut across 走捷径cut away 切除，剪掉cut in 插嘴，干预cut off 切断，停掉cut down 削减，砍倒cut up 切碎cut out 裁剪出；切掉cut short 使停止,中断重重 点点 短短 语语3、seeas “将视为”，其被动形式的短语形式为：be seen asAfter his first novel was published, he was seen as one of the most outstanding new authors of his generation. 在他的第一部小说出版后不久，他就被视为他这一代最杰出的新秀作家之一。重重 点点 短短 语语Seen_as_one_of_the_best_sellers,_the book will be published for a third time. 被看做是畅销书之一的这本书将第三次印刷。 常见的表示“把当成 / 看成”的短语有：regardas; consider as / to be; think / believe / supposeas; takeas; haveas; recognizeas等。重重 点点 短短 语语4、keepin mind 记住Students should keep in mind that they must study hard. 学生们应该记住必须要努力学习。Please keep what the teacher said in mind. 请把老师的话记在心上。重重 点点 短短 语语keep in touch with 与保持联系keep fit = keep health 保持健康keep off the grass 勿踏草地keep on 继续；保持keep out 关在门外；不准入内keep out of 躲开；置身于之外keep to 坚持；保持；不离开keep up 继续；坚持；保持；维持keep up with 跟上；不落后；赶上重重 点点 短短 语语汉译英处理紧急情况时要牢记最重要的事情是要保持镇静。The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.重重 点点 短短 语语5、hide from ones responsibility to 躲避某人对的责任 take responsibility for承担对的责任responsibility to sb. 中sb.是给你职位或职责的人responsibility for sb. / sth. 是指sb. / sth. 为你要管理或服务的对象responsible adj. 应承担责任的be responsible for 对负责response n. & v. 回应，反应重重 点点 短短 语语 He feels as if he alone _ what had happened.A. is responsible toB. should be responsible toC. be responsible forD. were responsible for D as if后的从句可用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反时,be动词用were形式。疑疑 难难 句句 型型1、Then we will open the floor for discussion. 之后我们将展开自由讨论。 句中the floor为“发言权”，open the floor 进行 / 开始自由发言。After an hours formal debate, the chair opened the floor and made a final discussion. 经过一个小时的正式辩论之后，主席发了言并作出了最终的裁决。疑疑 难难 句句 型型 have the floor 有发言权take the floor 站起来发言floor的词义还有：全体与会者，议员席After they had each said a few words, Professor White took the floor. 他们各自说了几句话后，怀特教授开始发言。Are there any views or points on the floor? 会场上有无任何要求或建议？疑疑 难难 句句 型型2、I am talking to you today about the way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste. 我今天跟大家谈谈世界上大片区域是怎样受工业污染而被破坏的。 the way (that/in which) 的方法 通常先行词the way 在从句中充当方式状语的时候，其后定语从句的关系词用that / in which,也可以省略。疑疑 难难 句句 型型The way (that / in which) they solved the problem was amazing. 他们解决这个问题的方法很奇妙。 另外，“做的方法”还可用the way to do / the way of doing疑疑 难难 句句 型型The first time (that) I saw you, you were reading under a tree. 我第一回见到你时，你正在树下读书。 the first / second / last time等充当先行词，在从句中充当状语时，定语从句的关系词选用that，而且也可以省略。疑疑 难难 句句 型型They were used to the way _ Mr. Smith told them to solve these problems.A. of that B. in whichC. how D. which D 该题中的先行词the way在定语从句中充当的是宾语而非状语。疑疑 难难 句句 型型3、 The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800. 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到当时的6倍多。 population n. 人口，人口数；人，居民(集合名词) population 表示“人口”时是不可数名词；表示“(某一地区的)全体居民”时是可数名词。疑疑 难难 句句 型型The population of China is much larger than that of Japan. 中国人口比日本人口多得多。About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness. 整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。疑疑 难难 句句 型型(1) 表示“人口多/少”： a large / small population； 问一个地方的人口数：What is the population of 表示一个地方拥有多少人口：has / with a population of疑疑 难难 句句 型型 (2) 复习表示“增长”、“减少”的一些表达方式： 表示增长到：grow to, increase to, rise to, climb to； 表示以(程度 / 比例 / 比率)增长：grow / increase / rise / climb by 表示减少到：fall / drop / decrease to 表示以(程度 / 比例 / 比率)减少：fall / drop / decrease by疑疑 难难 句句 型型This is a beautiful village with a population of 300, and only 15% of them _ to develop the village into a tourist resort.A. little； agrees B. little； agreeC. small； agree D. small； agrees C 第一空表示“人口少”，用small;第二空用复数谓语，是因为主语population在这里表示“村民”、“居民”。疑疑 难难 句句 型型It is quite amazing that the income of the people in the city has _ 60% in the last two years.A. increased B. risen byC. decreased by D. grown to B 根据后面的百分比可知用介词by, 又根据其前面的amazing及全句的意思可知是“增长”了60%。疑疑 难难 句句 型型4、 But I do agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides. 但有一点我非常赞同：循环利用或许是对两者都有利的解决办法。 key “答案，解决办法”。句中的to为介词，其后接名词，代词，动名词充当宾语。 In my opinion, the key to solving the problem is to cooperate rather than argue. 依我的观点，解决这个问题的办法就是合作，而不是争论。疑疑 难难 句句 型型下列词组中to为介词：listen to； refer to； pay attention to； look forward to；belong to； turn to; devoteto； be limited to；be resistent to； be addicted to； stick to； lead to； be used to； be accustomed to； get down to等。疑疑 难难 句句 型型Thanks to the good agricultural policy, many city people are now planning to turn to _ in the countryside to _ their career.A. investing； develop B. invest； developC. investing； developing D. invest； developing A 第一空turn to doing表示“转而做”；第二空为不定式充当目的状语。
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