高考英语大一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识考点 Unit 1 Lifestyles课件 北师大版必修1

.高考单词识记思考运用1.核心词汇_ vi.要紧，有重大关系_ vt.认为，猜想_ vt.转换，转变_ n.专家_ vt.解决；解答_ vt.忍耐，忍受_ n.&vt.设计formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的_ adj.非正式的peace n.和平_ adj.平静的；和平的_ adv.和平地；平静地relax vt.& vi.放松_ adj.令人轻松的，令人放松的_ adj.感到轻松的，感到放松的stress n.压力_ adj.充满压力的，紧张的complain vi.抱怨；投诉_ n.抱怨urge vt.催促；极力主张_ n.紧急；催促_ adj.急迫的，紧急的bored adj.感到厌烦的，不感兴趣的_ adj.令人厌烦的；无聊的suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛_ n.痛苦，苦难_ n.受苦者，受难者；患者social adj.社交的；社会的_ n.社会_ n.社会主义reduce vt.减少；降低_ n.减少organise vt.组织_ n.组织_ n.组织者prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿_ n.喜好；偏爱graduate vi.毕业_ n.毕业challenge n.挑战 vt.向挑战_ adj.有挑战性的support vt.& n.支持；支撑_ n.支持者；拥护者advertise v.做广告_ n.广告_ n.登广告的人；广告商volunteer n.志愿者 vt.&vi.自愿去做_ adj.自愿的；志愿的答案mattersuppose switchexpertsolve standdesigninformal peaceful；peacefullyrelaxing；relaxedstressfulcomplaint urgency；urgentboring suffering；sufferersociety；socialismreductionorganisation；organiserpreference graduate；graduation c challenging supporter advertisement；advertiser voluntary2.常考词汇distance n._series n._portable adj._paperwork n._alarm n._document n._studio n._presentation n._forecast n._remote adj._答案距离系列节目；系列 轻便的，手提(式)的日常文书工作警报，警告器公文，文件演播室；工作室表演；展示预报；预测遥远的用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thirdly，the voters or even the competitors in many cases are possibly taken advantage of by the _(organize)for commercial purposes.(2016江苏，书面表达)2.They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other，and they _(prefer) good news to bad.(2016全国，阅读D)3.One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave _(social).(2016江苏，阅读B)4.In this box are some stem cells that are _(urgent) needed for a patient.(2016全国， 阅读C)5.Im writing to apply for the position as a student _(voluntary).(2015陕西，书面表达)6._(advertise) persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.(2015安徽，完形)7.Trumps optimism about his chance of winning the election of the USA encouraged many of his _ (support).(原创)8.After sixteen years of marriage they have grown _(bore) with each other.9.The president invited him to his private study for an _(formal) talk.10.On reading the mothers _(complain)，I felt a little worried about the sons behaviour.(2013重庆，写作一)11.I dont want to work under stress and I am eager for a job that isnt _(stress).12.As a graduate，he was offered a satisfactory job after _(graduate).13.The _ people hoped that the dispute was to be solved _.(peace)14.In a way，I like doing _(challenge) work.15.Generally speaking，we feel _ while listening to some _ music.(relax)16.The plan _ (design)to reduce some of the companys mountainous debt.17.My house is four miles _ (distant)from the sea.18.I got up late today. _ (make)matters worse, I met a traffic jam.答案1.organizers2.preferred 3.socially4.urgently5.volunteer 6.Advertisements7.supporters plaint 11.stressful12.graduation 13.peaceful；peacefully14.challenging15.relaxed；relaxing16.is designed17.distance18.To make【联想积累】学会“容忍”bear vt.忍受stand vt.忍受tolerate vt.忍受，容忍put up with 忍受，容忍前缀为fore-的单词大全forearm n.前臂 forefather n.祖先forehead n.前额 foresee v.预料foresight n.先见之明 foretell v.预言forecast v.预测表示情绪的高频词汇confident adj.自信的bored adj.无聊的；烦人的；无趣的ashamed adj.羞愧的，惭愧的depressed adj.沮丧的，意志消沉的frustrated adj.失意的，挫败的；泄气的confused adj.迷惑的，不解的“支持，拥护”家族advocate vt.提倡；拥护back vt.支持support vt.支持，帮助stand by/for支持in favour of支持，赞同以-ance结尾的名词集锦assistance援助，协助performance表演，演奏appearance出现，露面acquaintance熟人acceptance接受；认可reliance信赖，依赖distance距离disturbance扰乱importance重要性insurance保险盘点-ial结尾形容词beneficial 有益的commercial 商业的facial 表面的financial 金融的social 社会的official 官方的special 特别的influential 有影响的开心词场核心单词串记After graduating from college，Li Hua preferred to become a volunteer to work in the remote west.He said he was bored with the busy and crowded streets and couldnt stand the stressful lifestyle in big cities.He supposed that there were more challenges and chances in the distance.重点短语识记思考运用1.动词介词/副词go _(铃、爆竹等)响take _占据；开始从事；拿起suffer _忍受，遭受be filled _充满着switch_关上答案offupfrom withoff2.动词副词介词come up _追上，赶上；想出，找到look forward _盼望，期望答案withto3.动词a名词play a _ in在中起作用make a _有影响；起作用答案role/partdifference4.介词冠词名词_ the moment此刻，目前_ a result结果答案atas5.其他形式get _换衣服，更衣_ the years数年间take _ to do sth轮流做某事as _ as除之外还；和答案changedoverturns well用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1._，Im writing to you to invite you to participate.(2016全国，满分作文)2.Im _ your reply at your earliest convenience.(2016全国，满分作文)3.I forgot _ the lights after I left the room.4.After _ I went out to buy what I wanted to buy most.5.The thieves ran away when the burglar alarm _.6.Marias mother isnt well.She often _ headaches.7.He _ horror when he heard the bad news.8.Im sorry Ive already _ so much of your valuable time.9.It is often the little details that _.10.They _ a good suggestion for putting out more cars at the meeting yesterday.答案1.As a result2.looking forward to3.switching off4.getting changed5.went off6.suffers from 7.was filled with8.taken up 9.make a difference10.came up with【联想积累】小议“充满”短语be full ofbe crowded withbe filled with“get过去分词”短语get changed 换衣服，更衣get dressed 穿好衣服get hurt 受伤get lost 迷路get arrested 被捕get promoted 升职get drunk 喝醉“盼望，期待”短语hope for/to do希望/期待(做)long for/to do渴望/盼望(做)look forward to盼望，期望be eager for渴望，期待be dying for/to do渴望/盼望(做)desire to do渴望做.经典句式识记思考运用原句背诵感悟1.What kind of lifestyle do you think the people have?2.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.你认为这些人有什么样的生活方式？我总是随身带着手提电视，我坐在石墙上，而小狗围着我转圈。3.I am always the first person to get to the office.4.I find painting or drawing very relaxing.5.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.6.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我总是第一个到达办公室的人。我发现画画让人很放松。通常地铁很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。句型公式仿写1.do you think用作插入语2.while 表转折对比3.不定式作后置定语_(你认为怎么样)the Rio Olympic Games in 2016?The son was having a good meal at home _(而父母却在田里辛勤劳作).We all know that Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong are_(首次在太空跑步的人).4.动词宾语宾语补足语5.so.that.引导结果状语从句 6.the same.that.“与相同的”Sometimes you may find life _(单调、枯燥).The Voice of China is _(如此成功以至于) it has become one of the most viewed programs online.Our English teacher _(穿着昨天的那件衣服).答案1.What do you think of 2.while the parents were working hard in the field3.the first to run in space 4.boring and dull5.so successful that6.wore the same clothes that he did yesterday【联想积累】混合疑问句全掌握除think外，常见的有此种用法的动词还有know，believe，suppose，imagine，guess和suggest等。while用法荟萃表让步，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于although或though，常用于句首。表时间，意为“当的时候，在期间”，从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。表条件，意为“只要”，相当于as/so long as，通常只引起肯定句。while是并列连词，意为“然而；可是”，表示一种强烈的转折对比关系。“宾补”开会常接形容词作宾语补足语的动词有：keep，make，find等。常接名词作宾语补足语的动词有：call，name，make，think等。常接动词-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see，watch，hear，find，keep等。单 词 点 睛1.matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系 n.n.物质；问题；毛病高考必备词汇精讲精练 教材原句As long as I get good marks in my tests，it doesnt matter if I can speak English or not.只要我能在考试中得高分，我是否会讲英语并不重要。(1)It matters/doesnt matter (to sb)主语从句主语从句 (对某对某人来说人来说) 有关系，重要有关系，重要/没关系，不重要没关系，不重要(2)a matter of.(是是)一个一个的问题的问题to make matters worse(whats worse) 更糟糕的是更糟糕的是单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用And _(make)matters worse，its new owner had no plans to give it the funds it required.(2013山东，阅读D)I take this seriously.Its the matter of principle._ it is expensive or not.What really matters is whether it comes from your inner heart.(2014重庆，写作)(礼物)贵不贵不重要，真正重要的是它是否来自你的内心。答案to maketheaIt doesnt matter whether一言助记It doesnt matter whether a man is high，rich and handsome.What matters is that he should be wise，hard-working and responsible.男人是不是高富帅并不重要，重要的是他应该聪明、勤奋而且有责任心。2.stress n.重压；逼迫；压力；重音；重点 vt. .加压力于；使紧张；重读高考佳句People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness，according to a recent research.(2013辽宁)根据最近的一项研究，宽恕别人的人其悲伤、愤怒和压力都会减轻，而希望却会增加。(1)under stress在压力之下在压力之下put sb under great stress使某人感到沉重的压力使某人感到沉重的压力lay/place/put stress on sth强调某事物强调某事物(2)stress the importance of强调强调的重要性的重要性(3)stressed adj.焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的stressful adj.有压力的有压力的单句语法填空/写作运用Things can easily go wrong when people are _ stress.The life of a high school student is usually active，exciting and full of fun，but it can be _ (stress) sometimes.Lang Ping always _ importance of taking part in the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo.郎平经常强调参加2020年东京奥运会的重要性。答案understressfulputs a lot of stress on3.prefer vt.更喜欢，宁愿高考佳句I prefer to work in black and white，which allows me to show different specific worlds more clearly.(2016四川，阅读C)我更喜欢拍一些黑白照片，让我可以更清楚地展示不同的特定世界。单句语法填空/写作运用As far as I know，Xie Na has a _(prefer) for red.He prefers to stay at home rather than travel.He prefers staying at home _.He would stay at home rather than travel.He would rather stay at home _ travel.他宁愿呆在家里也不愿去旅行。答案preferenceto travelling；than【名师指津】(1)prefer不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。(2)prefer意为like better，不能说prefer more/better。4.stand vt.忍耐，忍受；经得起，经受，承受 n. .看台；货摊；立场教材原句I cant stand talking in front of the class.我无法忍受在全班同学面前讲话。写出下列句中stand的含义I cant stand people complaining around me when Im working.Modern plastics can stand very high and very low temperatures.Hundreds of people were squeezed up against each other in one corner of the stand.His stand toward the matter has not changed.Is there any way to utilize (使用) this old bus as a hot-dog stand?【名师指津】stand作“容忍，忍受”讲时，后接动词ing形式作宾语，常用于否定句和疑问句中，无进行时态，也不用于被动语态。写作运用I _ by the noise outside late at night.我无法忍受深夜被外面的噪音吵醒。答案忍耐，忍受经得起，经受，承受看台 立场货摊cant stand being waken up5.design n.&vt.设计；安排；构思；图案；意图高考佳句To make our life easier and the environment more beautiful，I have designed a pair of magic shoes.(2014湖南，书面表达)为了使我们的生活更容易，环境更美好，我设计了一双有魔力的鞋。(1)by design故意地故意地be designed to do sth目的是目的是/打算做某事打算做某事be designed for为为所设计所设计(2)designer n.设计师，设计者设计师，设计者单句语法填空We should never know whether this happened _ design or not.The method _(design)specifically for use in small groups.答案byis designed1.suppose v.理解；认为，猜想；假想；设想常考必会词汇理解辨认高考佳句They are supposed to obey the person of a higher rank.(2014浙江，阅读B)他们应该服从地位比他们高的人。单句语法填空/写作运用I beg your pardon.I suppose I _(knock) at the door._，we shall stay at home.假如下雨，我们就待在家里。答案should have knockedSuppose/Supposing (that) it plain vi.抱怨；投诉经典例句She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work.她常常抱怨说在工作上得不到赏识。单句语法填空Nowadays some stars who enjoy full justice often complain _ how hard their lives are.I am now writing to make a _(complain) against/about the service of your hotel.答案about/ofcomplaint3.suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)高考佳句All around her，people were suffering，especially the elderly.(2016北京，阅读B)在她周边人民遭受痛苦，特别是老年人。单句语法填空/写作运用_(suffer) defeat after defeat，he began to lose faith in himself.It is true that _.(2014福建，书面表达)诚然，我们可能会不时地遭受失败。答案Having sufferedwe may suffer from failure from time to time短 语 点 拨1.go off(铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变质；变差；不再喜欢教材原句I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.我一般在闹钟响前大约5分钟醒来。写出下列句中go off的含义The car alarm went off as a thief was trying to steal the car.We havent a fridge and the milk goes off within a day in hot weather.The children seem to have gone off milk for breakfast.Dont go off without saying goodbye.【巧学助记】单句语法填空Go _ your homework carefully before you hand it in.答案响起变质不再喜欢离开 over2.take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)教材原句Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.会议、电话不断，占据了白天的大部分时间。写出下列句中take up的含义Obama said he plans to be at the debate on Friday，declining to take up the challenge.Important people dont often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.After he retired from office，my father took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.Let me sum up the last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson.【巧学助记】单句语法填空He is always ready to take _ heavy responsibilities.He will take _ my job while I am on holiday.I managed to rent a big enough house to take _ a handful of people.(2013江苏，完形)答案接受占用(时间)开始从事继续 onoverin句 式 透 析1.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。(1)句中包含了so.that.固定结构，意为“如此以至于”，so后跟形容词或副词，在句中引导结果状语从句。其结构如下：soadj./adv.that.soadj.a/an单数可数名词单数可数名词that.somany/few复数名词复数名词that.somuch/little少不可数名词少不可数名词that.单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用The pop star sang _ beautifully that he was asked to sing again and again.There is such much work to do that I wont be able to take off this year.(2)such.that.“如此以至于”。sucha/anadj.单数可数名词单数可数名词that.suchadj.复数名词复数名词/不可数名词不可数名词that.It was _ that we had to stay at home all the day.天气如此糟糕，以至于我们不得不一整天都待在家里。(3)such.as.“像这样的”， as在句中引导定语从句。They had such a fierce dog _ I had never seen.【名师指津】(1)little既有“少”的意思，又有“小”的意思。当“少”讲时后接不可数名词，用so修饰；当“小”讲时后接可数名词，用such修饰。(2)在上述结构中，当so或such位于句首时，主句用倒装结构。_Angelababy that lots of the young adore her.Angelababy如此漂亮，以至于许多年轻人崇拜她。答案sosuchsosuch bad weatheras So beautiful is2.教材原句We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。本句使用了the same.that句型。先行词之前有the same作定语时，引导定语从句的关系词只能用that或as。(1)the same(.) that意为意为“和和一样一样”，定语从句中，定语从句中that所所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。(2)the same(.) as.意为意为“和和一样，和一样，和相似相似”，定语，定语从句中从句中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。单句语法填空This is the same smartphone _ I lost the other day.(同一个)This is the same smartphone _ I lost the other day.(同一类)答案thatas