山东省青岛市中考英语 第三部分 题型研习 高分保障 题型2 阅读理解课件

第三部分第三部分 题型研习题型研习 高分保障高分保障题型题型 2 2 阅读理解阅读理解解题技法解题技法指导指导类型类型 1 1 判断型阅读理解判断型阅读理解例题精析例题精析2017临沂中考 Students have to take tests.Sometimes，robots do too.Torobo from Japan is one of these robots. Torobo is a robot brain with two arms.It is part of a project called “Can a Robot Get into the University of Tokyo？”A group of Japanese scientists started it in 2011. To go to the University of Tokyo，Torobo has to take Japans national college entrance exam(高考).So in 2013，the robot started to take the test with Japanese students.Sadly，Torobo has failed the test every year.It couldnt get a good enough score for the University of Tokyo.This year it was the same. Torobo has a big database(数据库).So it is good at knowledge and calculations(计算).Thats why it got high scores in physics，history and math.But Torobo is not good at thinking by itself.So it got low scores in language and writing. Scientists started the Torobo project to learn about the intellectual abilities(智能)of machines.Now after Torobos four years of hard work，they may have learned a lot. 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要说的是日本机器人Torobo想进入东京大学，但必须得通过高考，近4年都以失败告终。日本科学家通过对Torobo这类机器人的研究，希望研究更高端的智能机器人。1.Torobo is a robot from Japan and it has to take Japans national college entrance exam.【解析解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句中“.Torobo has to take Japans national college entrance exam.”可知，Torobo必须参加高考。【答案答案】 A2.A group of Japanese scientists started a project called “Can a Robot Get into the University of Tokyo？” in 2011.【解析解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二、三句“It is part of a project calledCan a Robot Get into the University of Tokyo？A group of Japanese scientists started it in 2011.”可知是2011年开始的这项研究。【答案答案】 A3.Torobo passed Japans national college entrance exam and got into the University of Tokyo in 2013.【解析解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第三句“Sadly，Torobo has failed the test every year.”说明Torobo没有考上东京大学。【答案答案】 B4.Torobo is good at physics，history，math，language and writing.【解析解析】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第三句“Thats why it got high scores in physics，history and math.”和最后一句“So it got low scores in language and writing.”可知它擅长物理、历史和数学，不擅长语言与写作。【答案答案】 B5.Scientists want to learn about the intellectual abilities of machines by starting the Torobo project.【解析解析】 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，科学家们通过开始对Torobo这个项目的研究，就是为了研究更智能化的机器人。【答案答案】 A技法点拨技法点拨 1.主旨大意题：此类题目需要从主题句入手，通常是第一段的首句，或者在结尾的部分找寻，也可以是中间段落的首句。 2.细节理解题：此类题目主要是考查学生阅读时对细节的关注能力。为了更好地记忆，最好边读边画，对一些数字、地名、人名进行标记。 3.推理判断题：此类题目主要考查对文章的表面和内涵的联系与延伸理解，通过中西文化对比，强化文化交融意识。类型类型 2 选择型阅读理解选择型阅读理解例题精析例题精析 2017滨州中考 My 14yearold son，John，and I saw the coat at the same time in a secondhand clothing store.It stood out among big and old coats.It was so beautiful and had an unbelievable price，$28.I looked at my son and we both said nothing，but Johns eyes shone.Dark，woolen coats were popular with teenage boys，but new ones could cost several hundred dollars.This coat was even better.John tried it on and turned from side to side，eyeing himself in the mirror.It fit him so well. John wore the coat to school the next day.After he came home，I asked，“Did the kids like your coat？” “They love it，” he said with a big grin. Over the next few weeks，John changed.He was polite，less argumentative，more thoughtful，and much happier.“Good dinner，mom，” he would say every evening.Without a word of complaining，he would carry in wood for the stove.One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner，John，who always put things off，said，“Youre right.I guess I will.” When I mentioned this change to one of his teachers，she joked that the coat must have changed him. John and I both know we should never judge a person by his clothes.But it is true that when wearing beautiful and suitable clothes，we may try to be better in thought，speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside. 【主旨大意主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了主人公在买了一件新衣服之后，在行为礼貌上发生了很大变化。我们不应以貌取人，但是当我们穿上漂亮合适的衣服，我们的行为举止总会想要和外表匹配。1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?A.The price of the coat was too high.B.John liked the coat very much.C.They often went shopping together.D.The writer didnt want to buy the coat.【解析解析】 细节理解题。由文章第一段第四句中“.Johns eyes shone.”可知，约翰非常喜欢这件外套。【答案答案】 B2.What does the underlined word “grin” mean?A.A wide smile. B.A worried look.C.An upset voice. D.An angry mood.【解析解析】 词义猜测题。由前句“They love it”可知，儿子的衣服受到同学们的喜爱。结合他的改变可知，此时他的心情是快乐的。【答案答案】 A3.What did John use to do when he was asked to study?A.Start at once.B.Put off his homework.C.Work hard on schoolwork.D.Carry in wood for the stove.【解析解析】 细节理解题。由文章第四段第五句中“.John，who always put things off.”可知，他以前是一个凡事拖拉的孩子。【答案答案】 B4.Which of the following changes did NOT happen to John after he wore the coat?A.He was willing to follow suggestions.B.He often helped to do some housework.C.He always worried about his study.D.He said sweet words to make his mother happy.【解析解析】 推理判断题。由第四段可知，儿子穿上新衣服后学会了礼貌说话、为炉子添柴、接受家长的建议。运用排除法可知选C。【答案答案】 C5.What does the writer want to say through this passage?A.What we wear could help what we are.B.Life is full of possibilities when we are young.C.We should not judge people by their appearance.D.Its a good choice to try different things in our lives.【解析解析】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，儿子穿了一件喜欢的衣服上学后有了全新的改变。这件事告诉我们外在变化会影响内在变化，A项与此相符。【答案答案】 A技法点拨技法点拨 1.细节理解题：本题型要注意同义或近义句。利用题目的关键词，寻找文中对应的词，在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案，对号入座。这类试题是针对文章中的细节而设计的，要求考生根据对短文的理解，直接选择正确答案，一般在通读短文之后可直接找出答题依据，难度较小，属浅层理解题。 2.推理判断题：本题型根据文中某些词、句子或段落进行推理或根据句子的语气、文章的论调和倾向进行推断。通读整篇文章，理解作者意图，真理不一定是正确答案。 3.词义猜测题：本题型主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断词义的能力。解答这类题目时需要一些猜词技巧：根据上下文猜测；根据同义词或反义词猜测；根据构词法猜测；通过定义或释义猜测；根据转折、因果关系等来猜测；根据生活常识猜测。此外，对于这类题目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即将备选答案逐一带入文中，哪一选项能使句子的意思通顺、连贯，且与上下文的内容一致，哪一项就是正确答案。 4.标题归纳题：本题型考查考生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。做此类题要注意：以原文为依据；不选对的，只选最适合本篇文章的；注意绝对化的词；答案要避免以点带面，以偏概全；文中没有提到的不要妄自猜测。一切以文章内容为准。 5.数字计算题：在做此类题时：要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义；弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于干扰信息；不要孤立看待数字信息，还要抓住一些关键用语的意义。 6.主旨大意题：本题型就是从文章的首尾句或段寻找主题句，或纵观全文归纳总结文章的主旨大意。做主旨大意题，要求在理解全文后归纳短文的要点，概括中心思想。不少文章一开头便展示出文章的主题，尤其是新闻报道之类的，第一段通常是故事的梗概，这一段往往表达文章的中心含义。在文章的段落中往往由第一句作为主题句来概括该段的中心意思。此类题主要针对主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次、作者的写作目的等方面，要求考生在准确理解文章后，归纳短文要点，概括中心思想，分析和归纳段落大意、重要情节、人物特征等。即时运用即时运用Passage 12017云南中考文体文体说明文话题话题网上购物词数词数180 Shopping used to mean going to shops，but nowadays，you can shop without even leaving your house.Just sit in front of your computer，click(点击)your mouse and your things will be sent to your house in several days.You can also use your mobile phone to buy things you want. November 11 is a big day for many people who like shopping online.On that day，many stores offer a big sale.The biggest Chinese online shopping sites are T and T. Goods(商品)online are often much cheaper.Shopping online also saves you a lot of time.And you often have more kinds of goods online than in shopping centers.Another big advantage of online shopping is that it helps you get things easily from different cities，even different countries. While enjoying online shopping，many people also have worries，especially for middle school student buyers.They often buy things that they dont need.“Middle school students should pay more attention to their study.Searching for things to buy online wastes their time，” said teachers. 根据短文内容，判断句子正(A)误(B)。( ) 1.Nowadays，shopping becomes easier than before.( ) 2.Many people like shopping online on November 11.( ) 3.Shopping online cant save time and money.( ) 4.Teachers think middle school students should pay more attention to their study.( ) 5.This article is about disadvantages of shopping online.AABAB即时运用即时运用Passage 1Passage 12017滨州中考文体文体议论文话题话题共享单车词数词数272 Bikesharing has swept across China，with an increasing number of people choosing bike riding instead of driving.The bike that the service company provides has GPS or Bluetooth on it，and those bikes can be easily unlocked with a smart phone and left anywhere in public.Bikesharing allows people to borrow a bike from one place and return it at another place easily. In some cities，we can see more and more people riding this kind of sharingbikes.Its very convenient to use the bikes if you have a smart phone.First，you have to download such an APP on your smart phone.Then what you need to do is to find a nearest bike through the APP，scan the QR code on the bike or connect your phone with the bike over a Bluetooth wireless connection.You will find the bike can be unlocked itself.Then you can enjoy your trip.Whats more，the greatest advantage of bikesharing is that you can easily find one and never worry about where to park it.The cost of riding depends on the time that you spend.Normally，every hour you ride，you need to pay one yuan.It doesnt cost so much，does it? At the same time，some people park the bikes in their own homes.Besides，some people dont value the bikes.Now service companies are trying to solve the problem like being stolen. Technology and science have changed our social lifestyles.We have to say bikesharing brings us more convenience without doubt.And we also hope that people can not only enjoy it but also put it to good use.1.From the first paragraph，we know _. A.bikesharing is invented in China B.sharingbikes are used by some people C.most people in cities dont drive D.sharingbikes can be borrowed anywhere2.The underlined word “scan” in Paragraph 2 probably means “_” in Chinese. A.浏览 B.扫描 C.审视 D.细查3.If you want to use a sharingbike，you must _ first. A.have a smart phone and download an APP B.download an APP and pay for the trip C.unlock the bike and download an APP D.find a nearest bike and borrow it from anyoneBBA 4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage？_ A.Bikesharing is very cheap. B.Sharingbikes may be stolen. C.Sharingbikes are easy to unlock. D.Bikesharing is a kind of green transport.5.The passage probably comes from a _. A.science textbook B.tourist guide C.website news report D.restaurant menuD C 即时运用即时运用Passage 32017铜仁中考文体文体记叙文话题话题相互援助词数词数227 A poor boy lived in a small town.He sold goods from door to door to pay for school.One day，he had only one cent left，and he was hungry.He decided that he would ask for a meal at the next house.However，when a young woman opened the door，the boy was shy，so he just asked for some water.The woman knew he was hungry，so she brought him a large glass of milk.He drank it slowly，and then asked，“How much should I pay for it？” “You wont pay for it.My mother has told me that it is good to help the people who are in trouble，”she replied.The boy said，“Then I thank you from my heart.” As the boy left that house，he felt stronger.He knew he had many things to do. Many years later，the young woman became ill.The local doctors couldnt save her.People had to send her to a big city.When the doctor knew who the woman was，he was excited and tried his best to save her life.He succeeded.The woman needed to pay for the medical bill.The doctor learned that she couldnt afford it.So he wrote something down on the medical bill.The woman read the bill，“You have paid it with a glass of milk.”1.The poor boy sold goods from door to door because _. A.he had no money left B.he needed money to buy some food C.he wanted to raise money for Project Hope D.he had to make money for his school2.Why was the young woman sent to a hospital in a big city？_ A.Because she was seriously ill. B.Because she had lots of money. C.Because she wanted to visit the doctor. D.Because she knew the poor boy worked there.CA3.From the passage we can know the doctor (the poor boy)_. A.let the young woman pay for the bill B.was always thankful for the young womans kindness C.didnt remember the young woman D.failed to save the young womans life4.Which of the following sentences is true？_ A.The young woman had a bad mother. B.The poor boy asked for some money. C.The young woman and her mother were both kind to others. D.The poor boy became a famous engineer when he grew up.5.Whats the best title(标题) for the article？_ A.A Kind Mother B.A Lovely Young Woman C.A Poor Boy D.A Glass of MilkACDPassage 42017日照中考文体 议论文 话题 做家务 词数283 Many kids help parents to do chores in the house.They may take out the trash，walk the dog or sweep the floor.In return，some kids get money or other rewards from their parents，such as 20 minutes to play computer games. But some people do not think that kids should get rewards for doing chores.One of them is Jane Smith，a parenting educator and family coach.She believes if kids get rewards，they may think that work isnt worth doing unless you get something in return.For example，kids wont sweep the floor if they see it is dirty.But they will do it if their parents reward them for it. “Every house is a team effort，” Jane said.“A home is a living space for everyone in the family.Its important for kids to see that we all have a responsibility to keep our home clean.” Other people hold different opinions.They believe that money or other rewards encourage kids to do more chores.It also teaches them real world lessons.They can learn about how we need to work to make money. Now，there are also apps that encourage kids to do chores.The apps give kids points and digital (电子的) gifts that can be used either online or in life.With the app ChoreMonster，kids earn digital points after doing chores.Kids can exchange their points for real rewards，such as time to play video games or a trip to the mall.“Our goal is to encourage kids so they can earn rewards，” says Joe Black，founder of ChoreMonster.“Kids need positive (积极的) power to make them do chores.”1.Jane Smith thinks that _. A.housework isnt worth doing B.kids are not willing to do chores C.kids should get something in return D.kids shouldnt get rewards for doing chores2.ChoreMonster is a(n) _. A.educator B.coach C.app D.app founder3.If rewarded for doing chores，kids can learn to _. A.take responsibilities B.use apps well C.make money through work D.understand team effortCCC4.Whats the purpose of the apps mentioned in the passage？_ A.To give kids points and gifts. B.To encourage kids to do chores. C.To exchange points for real rewards. D.To give kids advice on doing chores.5.The passage mainly talks about _. A.how to encourage kids to do chores B.what kind of chores kids should do C.if kids should do chores at home D.whether kids should be rewarded for doing choresBDPassage 520162016济南中考济南中考 文体文体 记叙文 话题话题旅游词数词数240 There are many reasons why I encourage people to travel，and I know that the experience will make one a better person. I remember when I was traveling that I began to know the world better.The world is not just about me，my small town and home.Although you will meet different people from all over the world，you will realize that people are similar in their dreams，hopes and feelings.Enjoy exploring the different cultures，and you will also find that people are different in some of the things they do and how they live.Once you understand their ways，it need not be strange or scary.Often we read stories about other cultures in books.Only when we visit their areas，do we find that those stories are something wrong. One thing you may find out is that there are problems all over the world.We cannot just get money to send to these areas and hope that will work them out.The world should get involved (干预) and help wherever there are problems.People everywhere should be given a chance.It is so easy to ignore (忽视) this if one does not travel and explore.One can look around and see that so many people have many challenges worse than ours.One can realize that sometimes our biggest problems are not that big after all. On your journey you will meet lots of new friends.Talking to strangers and finding about their lives is a great way to spend your time.You will certainly be more confident after having to cope_with problems and make many decisions along the way.When you travel，you have to be on your own in some situations.You will surprise yourself by how well you can do that.All your special experiences could make an interesting book to read.It would be filled with all your adventures and special memories.Traveling around and seeing so much happening in the world around us is a wonderful experience.If we could all just travel a little more and share our experiences，we would all be better people and the world would be a better place.1.From Paragraph 2，we can learn that_.A.people around the world are the same in their hopesB.books always tell us wrong stories about culturesC.traveling can help us better understand the worldD.people in different places have strange living habits2.According to Paragraph 3，we can help the areas in need by _.CB A.sending them money B.offering them chances C.looking around3.The expression “cope _with” in Paragraph 4 most probably means “_”. A.solve B.avoid C.meet D.cover4.Which of the following would be the best title of the passage？_ A.People in the World Are Family B.Traveling Helps One Make More Friends C.People in the World Share One Dream D.Traveling Makes One a Better Person5.Whats the writers purpose of writing the passage? _ A.To share his travel experiences with other people. B.To encourage more people to travel around. C.To show how traveling can change the world. D.To tell people how to travel around the world.ADB