高考英语二轮复习 第二部分 基础语法巧学巧练 专题三 代词课件

专题三代词专题三代词怎么考1.代词的辨析；2.某些代词的特殊用法，如：anything but“根本不是”；3.语法填空及短文改错中。怎么学在平时的学习中注意：1.替代词that(those)，one(ones)和it的区别；2.不定代词all，both，either，any，neither，none的区别；3.不定代词the other，other，another，others的区别；4.it的用法。尤其在阅读中体会。怎么解1.语境提示法；2.牢记代词的基本用法和特殊用法。.体验考向用适当的代词或所给词的适当形式填空1.(2016全国卷)On my recent visit，I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _(it) mother.2.(2015全国卷)A few hours before/earlier，Id been at home in Hong Kong，with_(it)choking smog.3.(2015广东卷)Now it occurred to _that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.4.(2015天津卷)The quality of education in this small school is better than _ in some larger schools.5.(2015浙江卷)How would you like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?6.(2015重庆卷)The meeting will be held in September，but _ knows the date for sure.7.(2015陕西卷)To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the _.8.(2014广东卷)Last year，my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said _was a wonderful holiday destination.答案1.its根据空格后的名词及前文中的a lively threemonthold twin可知要用形容词性物主代词。2.its带着窒息的烟雾。根据句意，这里指香港的烟雾令人窒息，故应该使用形容词性物主代词its作定语。3.him考查代词。“it occurred to sbthat从句”表示“某人突然想到”，所以填him。4.that考查代词。句意：这所小学校的教学质量要比一些大学校的教学质量好。that可以指代可数名词单数，表特指，也可指代不可数名词。5.it句意：如果你正在看最喜爱的电视节目，这时有人进来没有征求你的意见就把电视关了，你会怎么想。固定表达how would you like it if.，在此结构中it代替后面if从句的内容。6.nobody句意：会议将在九月召开，但是没人知道具体日期。句中的关键词为but，表转折，故nobody没有人，符合句意。7.other句意：为了让自己暖和起来，这个水手坐在火堆旁，光着脚，用一只脚搓另一只脚。表示两者中的一个，另一个，用one.the other.。8.it考查代词的用法。指代Miami，故用it。 .考点集训集训用适当的代词填空1.(2014福建卷)In some countries，people eat with chopsticks，while in _，knives and forks.2.(2014四川卷)Shed lived in London and Manchester，but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge.3.(2014江西卷)When shall I call，in the morning or afternoon?_.Ill be in all day.4.(2014大纲版全国卷)Whos that at the door?_ is the milkman.5.(2014山东卷)Susan made _ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.6.(2012辽宁卷)If youre buying todays paper from the stand，could you get _ for me?7.(2010上海卷)If our parents do everything for us children，we wont learn to depend on _(we).8.Which of those ties do you like best?_.They are all too expensive and dont go well with my new suit.答案1.others2.neither3.Either4.It5.it6.one 7.ourselves8.None集训用适当的代词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会代词的用法。Suddenly _1_the lights on that crowded underground train went out.Then _2_ stopped in that dark tunnel.We waited.We expected the lights to come on again.But _3_ happened.Then I began to smell _4_.People around me then began to cry out in fear.“The train is on fire！”they cried.The woman standing next to me suddenly fell on the floor.I realized she was overcome by the smoke.Then I saw flames appearing.“If something does not happen soon，”I said to _5_，“I will beburnt alive！”But as I stood there in the dark in _6_ crowded burning train，I could see no way to escape.So I cried，“God，if _7_is not my time to die，please help me！”I heard a noise.It was on my right hand side.I at once began to push _8_ way forward to where that noise came from.For two hours I kept walking in that dark train tunnel.At last I saw a light in the distance.“Thank God！”I cried.“God must have a purpose for saving my life.He must want me to help _9_ people experience what he could do for_10_.”I decided.答案1.all2.it3.nothing4.something5.myself6.that7.it8.my9.other10.them知识胸有成竹一、人称代词与物主代词的4点常识1.人称代词有主格，如I，we，they，he，she等和宾格me，us，them，him，her等之分。主格在句中通常作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、同位语等成分。2.人称代词指代的数前后要一致。The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.(them指代the students)必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。3.句中没有谓语动词，人称代词要用宾格。Id like to go to climb the mountain this weekend.Me，too.这个周末我想去爬山。我也想去。4.形容词性物主代词通常在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，可以作主语、宾语和表语，不能用于名词前。注意名词性物主代词在比较级中的用法。二、it的4种基本用法1.it可作人称代词，主要指某样东西、抽象事物、不知性别的孩子或不明确的人。2.it也可代指时间、距离、天气等。3.it作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词-ing形式、名词性从句。4.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后常接it作形式宾语，然后再接真正宾语(宾语从句)，这类动词有enjoy，prefer，love，like，hate，dislike，appreciate等。三、5个常用指示代词的对比识记指示代词it和that(those)，one(ones)it特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物that(those)可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于当于the one。其复数形式为。其复数形式为those，相当于相当于the onesone(ones)指代前面出现过的那类事物中的指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一一个个”，其复数形式为，其复数形式为ones四、2组不定代词对比识记1.either，both，neither，all，none，anyeither肯定意义肯定意义 表示两者中的一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数表示两者中的一个，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数both肯定意义肯定意义 表示表示“两者都两者都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数，作主语时，谓语动词用复数neither 否定意义否定意义 表示表示“两者都不两者都不”，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数，作主语时，谓语动词常用单数all肯定意义肯定意义作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数应与all所指代的人或所指代的人或事物保持一致事物保持一致none否定意义否定意义作主语后接复数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复作主语后接复数名词时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数数；后接不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数any肯定意义肯定意义 作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，常与作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可，常与of连用连用2.the other，other，another，othersTheotherthe other指指“两者中的另一个两者中的另一个”，常与，常与one连用，构成连用，构成one.the other.“一个一个另一个另一个”，作定语修饰复数名词时，表示，作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“全部其余的全部其余的”other other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义another可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的可单独使用，也可修饰名词，泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个另一个”，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外，代替或修饰单数可数名词。另外another后可接后可接“基数词基数词/few复数名词复数名词”形式，表示形式，表示“另外的另外的(多少多少)”others单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为“其他的人或事物其他的人或事物”，常与，常与some一起出现；特指一起出现；特指“其他的全部人或事物其他的全部人或事物”时用时用the others集训奔向高考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) _1_(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _2_ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _3_(able) to “air condition” a house without _4_(use) electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from thesun on hot days and give out that heat _5_(slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.When a new day breaks，the walls have given out their heat and are now cold enough _6_(cool) the house during the hot day；_7_ the same time，they warm up again for the night.This cycle _8_(go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消) for the outside temperatures.As _9_(nature) architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly _10_ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.答案1.built考查过去分词作定语。built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest是过去分词短语作定语修饰The adobe dwellings。build和被修饰词之间是被动关系，且此动作已发生，所以用过去分词。2.the考查冠词。the放在形容词最高级的前面。3.ability考查词性。空前面是形容词性物主代词their，其后面需要用名词。4.using考查非谓语动词。without是介词，后面接动词ing形式。5.slowly考查词性。此处需要副词修饰动词短语give out。6.to cool考查非谓语动词。enough to do sth表示“足以做某事”。7.at考查固定搭配。at the same time同时。8.goes考查主谓一致和时态。主语是this cycle，且此处表示目前的情况，所以用goes。9.natural考查词性。此处需要形容词修饰后面的名词。10.how考查宾语从句的引导词。how thick the adobe walls needed to be是宾语从句，作figured out的宾语。how修饰形容词thick。