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Lesson 8 The best and the worst Review几个小时之前拿出来充满期待某人做.贵重的礼物珍贵的礼物装有钻石的包裹令某人惊讶的是.a few hours earliertake offbe full of expect sb to do stha valuable presenta precious presenta parcel of diamondsto ones surpriseNew words and expressions competition n. 比赛，竞赛 neat adj. 整齐的，整洁的 path n. 小路，小径 wooden adj. 木头的 pool n. 水池competition n. 比赛，竞赛（暗地里的竞争） g. She came first in the beauty competition. 她在选美比赛中得了第一名。 competition between ( two parties ) 双方之间的比赛 competition with sb for sth 与竞争，角逐 compete v. kmpi:t compete against/ with sb 跟竞争/比赛 eg. We can compete against anybody and we can win. 我们可以与任何人竞争而且能赢得胜利。 competitor kmpett n. 竞争者，比赛者，对手 race n. 比赛，竞赛 car race match n. 比赛 football match contest n. 比赛（更广泛） baby contest 宝宝大赛；beauty contest 选美 game : 游戏, 运动neat adj. 整齐的, 整洁的，井井有条 a neat room 一间整洁的房间 a neat garden 一个整齐有序的花园 a neat road 一条整洁的小路 a neat writing 书写工整 clean adj. 干净的，无杂质的 clean hands 干净的双手 clean air 清洁的空气 a clean room 一间干净的房间 neat adj. （ 口语）纯的，不掺水的，没有杂质的 a neat whisky 纯威士忌 eg. Thats neat! ( Thats great! ) 太棒了！ path n. 小路，小径 path 市镇中间，住宅之间，沿路有标志的人行道 lane 1.乡间小径 a narrow country lane 乡村小路 2.各自的跑道（田径场上），保龄球球道 road 路，道路，公路 country road 乡村小路 by road = by car or by bus 表示坐车这种交通方式 eg. All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。 wooden adj. 木头的 1.木制的 a wooden bridge over a pool 在水池上的一个小木桥 2.举止行为僵硬而笨拙的 a wooden smile 一个僵硬的微笑 a wooden performance 笨拙的表演 wood 1.木，木材（不可数名词） eg. Tables are usually made of wood. 桌子通常是由木头制成的。 2.woods 森林（不如forest大） go for a walk in the woods 在森林中散步pool n. 水池(人工的) 1.水池，水坑，水塘 swimming pool 游泳池 2.合伙投资 eg. We bought a computer by the pool. 我们合伙买了一台电脑。 lake lek 湖 pond pnd 池塘 （尤指供牲口饮水或作为花园之装饰） a fish pond 养鱼池 Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Nearly everybody enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. Bill works harder than Joe and grows more flowers and vegetables, but Joes garden is more interesting. He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. I like gardens too, but I do not like hard work. Every year I enter for the garden competition too, and I always win a little prize for the worst garden in the town!1、Joe Sanders has the most beautiful garden in our town. Joes garden is the most beautiful. Bills garden is the largest. Bills garden is larger than Joes. （比较的东西都是同类的事物 joes 的“s”不能省略）2、Nearly everybody enters for The Nicest Garden Competition each year, but Joe wins every time. nearly 几乎，差不多 （同义词 almost） 1.二者常用于肯定句中间 eg. She fell and nearly/almost broke her neck. 她摔倒，几乎摔断了脖子。 He nearly/almost always arrives late. 他几乎总是迟到。 区别： 1. almost 可与否定词连用 eg. He ate almost nothing. 他几乎什么东西都没吃。 eg. There is almost no room to sit. 这儿几乎没有什么地方可坐。 2.nearly + 数词 eg. The top prize is nearly 1000. 一等奖几乎是1000英镑。 enter for 报名参加（各种竞赛，考试等活动） enter 进入 enter the room 进入房间 enter university 进入大学 entrance entrns n. 入口 take part in 参与 eg. The professor took no small part in the discussion. 那位教授根本没有参加讨论。 join in 参加，加入 eg. May I join in your conversation? 我能加入你们的谈话吗？ join in the sports meeting. 参加运动会 join the army 参军 eg. Wont you join us in a tennis match? 你加入我们的网球比赛吗? win（won，won） v. 赢 vi. 赢 I win. I lose. (输了) vt. 赢得 win something 后面往往是奖品,不能接对手 I win the book. I win the gold cup. win a prize 赢得了一个奖 win a prize for 因为而获奖 defeat+对手I defeat you.3、Bill Friths garden is larger than Joes. 名词加-s表示所属关系，构成名词的所有格。 这类名词往往指有生命的东西，特别是人。所有格的语法作用相当于形容词，限定后面的名词。这个被限定的名词在上下文中第二次被提到时可以省略，只要不引起误解。4、He has made neat paths and has built a wooden bridge over a pool. make和build在这里是同义词，“修建，建造”。make的词义比较笼统、广泛，可解释为“做、作出、制造”等，而build主要限于建筑业，指“建造，建设，盖房子，修筑（桥梁）等” Have you made the skirt by yourself? They have made a road along the river.【Key structures】形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 比较级相当于汉语中“比更”这种句型，最高级则表示在某个范围“最”的概念。 最高级在使用时前面通常要加定冠词the，并有一个短语或从句限定其范围。 1、比较级和最高级的构成： 单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er，-est，以辅音加-y结尾的词变-y为-i，再加-er，-est 以-e结尾的词加-r，-st 以一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词要双写最后一个字母，再加-er，-est 三个或者是三个音节以上（多音节） 比较级的构成 : more+原级 最高级的构成 : the most+原级 有一些双音节词既可在单词结尾加-er，-est，也可与more/less和most/least连用，如narrow，clever，common，pleasant等。 clever cleverer more clever fun adj. 快乐 more fun （美国人用） 有些构成是不规则的： good/well(better best) many/much(more most) little(less least) bad/ill(worseworst) far(farther further , farthest furthest) （farther:距离上的远和更远，further:程度上的更进一步） old(older elder, oldest eldest) older 比大 She is older than somebody elder 做定语修饰其他名词 elder sister (年长的)姐姐 2、比较级和最高级的用法 在使用比较级时，如果需要把所比较的两项都提到，那么就必须比较级后用than： My room is cleaner than the one next door. 如果比较级之所指很清楚，它可独立存在： Which house do you prefer? I prefer the older one. 最高级的限定范围一般用of，among，in等介词短语；限定范围也可以是从句；如果范围很清楚，则可以省略。 John is the tallest of the three brother. This is the coldest day in ten years. Mary is the most intelligent person Ive ever met.every构成的合成词 every和one，body，thing可以构成复合不定代词everyone，everybody，everything。Everyone和everybody一般可以替换使用，后面的代词既可以用单数，也可以用复数，但它们本身均被视为单数。 Everyone/Everybody knows what he has to do. =Everyone/Everybody knows what they have to do. 每个人都知道自己必须做什么。 Everything is going well. 一切都很顺利。 each和every均可译为“每一个”，两者常可互换。 every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语； each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数 Every/Each time I wash the car it rains. Enter and Enter for enter vt.&vi. 进入 enter+地点名词 Always knock on the door before you enter. vt.&vi. 参加，加入 Weve entered into an agreement. 我们已达成一项协议。 He soon entered their conversation. enter for+表示比赛、竞赛、考试的名词 报名参加, 强调报名 enter for the exam She entered (her name/herself) for the mathematics competition. 她报名参加数学竞赛。 take part in 真正的参加Test1） - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. well B. better C. good D. quite better 答案：B. quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。3）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案：D。用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Which is _ (big) ,the sun,the moon or the earth?2.Which is _ (beautiful),the black coart or the blue one?3.This mooncake is _ (cheap) of all.4.He is _ (strong) in the class. 5.English is _(widely)spoken in the world. biggest more beautiful cheapest the strongest the most widely 6. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class.7. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child.wellbetterthe bestthe youngest
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