开题报告 修改1

中 北 大 学 信 息 商 务 学 院毕业论文开题报告学 生 姓 名：刘瑞霞学 号：11080341X34学 院、系：人文社科系专 业：英语论 文 题 目：Humanitarianism inA Tale of Two Cities双城记中的人道主义思想指导教师:王登云封面字体字号已改，以此为准2015年 1月 5日毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告1结合毕业论文情况，根据所查阅的文献资料，撰写2000字左右的文献综述：Literature Review内容基本贴切，但结构需要修改。你的文献综述需要分为三大部分，加一级标题（罗马序号），I Introduction简要介绍研究对象（500字为宜），你的研究对象就是A Tale of Two Cities II Relevant Previous Studies介绍前人对该研究对象的研究（1. 约800-1000字适宜；2. 进行分类说明，分类分析为重中之重，不能只是简单的堆砌。更不能是你在论文中打算写的研究内容，即不能回顾别人在人道主义视角下对该作品的研究；3. 文中引用必须与参考文献中的书目一一对应）。具体到你的论文，需要从不同角度回顾别人对A Tale of Two Cities所做过的研究，但不能回顾别人在人道主义视角下对该作品的研究，因为这是你打算在论文中做的研究，如果在文献综述中说已经有人做过了，并已经有了研究结果，那么你的研究还没有开始就没有意义了。 回顾前人研究时，只需要简要介绍研究结果就行了，不需要举例详细说明。III Conclusion总结前人研究优缺点，概述你的研究计划（200-300字为宜）。1.Introduction1.1 Purpose of the research In this thesis I want to try to investigate CharlesDickenshumanitarianism in. It is designed to let people have a relatively comprehensive know and understanding about bourgeois humanism. Humanitarianism, as a kind of thought or ideological system, is firstly suitable for bourgeois thinkers, which is a view from the point of person, claiming that everyone is a separate entity, respecting personal equality and freedom rights, admitting peoples value and dignity, thinking of people as human being instead of a kind of tool. It is adevelopment and change ofphilosophical category,sounderstanding and mastering thehumanitarianis necessary. Therefore, exploring the literature of humanism, to carry forward the humanitarian spirit in real life is of great significance.1.2 Significance of the researchHumanitarianism is an ethic of kindness, benevolence, and sympathy extended universally and impartially to all human beings In its most general form. Humanitarianism has been an evolving concept historically but universality is a common element in its evolution. No distinction is to be made in the face of suffering or abuse on grounds of gender, sexual orientation, tribe, caste, age, religion, ability, or nationality. It belongs to the category of developments and changes. So understanding and grasping the spirit of human civilization achievements is very necessary. Initially it only reflected in literary arts, then gradually penetrated into other areas. This article is starting from the aspects of literature and then exploring its humanitarian idea through analyzing Dickens “A Tale of Two Cities”. It was designed to allow people have a relatively comprehensive understanding to bourgeois humanitarianism. As People-oriented was advocated In Chinas socialist society nowadays, understanding humanitarianism in literary and artistic works has important guiding significance for carrying forward the humanitarian spirit of real life.1.3 Background of the researchHumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.Itemphasizesthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife.Humanistsvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecenteroftheuniverseandmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyofthepresentlife,buthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders.In its most general form, humanitarianism is an ethic of kindness, benevolence, and sympathy extended universally and impartially to all human beings. Humanitarianism has been an evolving concept historically but universality is a common element in its evolution. No distinction is to be made in the face of suffering or abuse on grounds of gender, sexual orientation, tribe, caste, age, religion, ability, or nationality Humanitarianism can also be described as the acceptance of every human being for plainly just being another human, ignoring and abolishing biased social views, prejudice, and racism in the process, if utilized individually as a practiced viewpoint, or mindset.Charles Dickens (1812-1870), one of the most outstanding English writers in the literary history of 19th century, is a representative of criticism. Charles Dickens is the outstanding realistic novelist in the 19th century. And he is also a humanitarian. The main theme of Dickens novels is the humanitarianism and most of his novels reflect this theme. He is a tough man whose life was full of ups and downs, devoted to his writing career. A Tale of Two Cities, published in the year of 1859, is widely considered as a historical novel which is one of the most significant works of his late period. Using the French Revolution as the background, this novel incisively exposed that the society then was corrupt and filled with social class contradictions and darkness. Through this novel, with many sorts of characters being perfectly portrayed, Dickens showed his great mercy and love to the people in lower class, which gained him a reputation of being a humanist. His thoughts of love and humanism were deeply influenced by the social constitutes at his time and his own life experiences. Literature review2.1 Previous research aboardChinese and foreign scholars have made a lot of research to humanitarian, respectively, involving its origin, development, definition, principle, form, organization and practice, etc. ForeignhumanitarianstudieshaveMaritainscompletehumanismand the humanitarian in Hugo Les Misrablesand so on.France materialist philosopher Holbach said: the first moral in the social morality is humane. It is the total of all other moral humanity. Its effect is to love our neighbor, kindness, generosity, tolerance, charity. Foreign scholars have also examined a tale exemplifies the humanitarian; mainly starting from the meaning of humanitarian, and had done a very good example.Some academicals criticize Dickens work for emphasizing social injustice but not offering solutions, and think that there are limitations of Dickens humanitarianism. While A Tale of Two Cities was immensely popular with the reading public on its original serialization in 1859, its critical reception was mixed. One feature that appear from the outset is a polarization of responses, the novel being found either superlatively good or superlatively bad. explains Norman Page in his essay Dickens and His Critics.2.2 Previous research at homeLiu Binshan said that in A Tale of Two Cities, Dickens takes the French Revolution as the subject of his novel, and the two cities are Paris and London in the time of that revolution. Dickens has been compared to Shakespeare for his creative force and range of invention. He and Shakespeare are the two unique popular classics that England has given to the world, and they are alike in being remembered not for one masterpiece but for a creative world. Many critics consider Charles Dickens the greatest novelist of English-speaking world, who has always a wide variety of readers.Character-portrayal is the most distinguishing feature of Dickens works. Dickens was not only a master story-teller but also a reformer and humanitarian, his novels attack the inequities of the social and economic system of Victorian England. Throughout the novel, A Tale of Two Cities, Dickens approaches his historical subject either some ambivalence. Humanitarianism in the Western has developed times after times, but this thesis mainly makes a systematic exposition of Dickens humanistic thought. Based on the analysis of Dickens time and his special personal experience, it detects the connotation and characteristics of his humanitarian thought.In this novel, Dickens depicts some typical characters that personify his view. This novel also criticizes the violence and oppression in the society. The author not only expresses his humanitarianism on the love between human beings, but also expresses his view according to his critics to the violence and oppression in that society. 3.ConclusionCharles Dickens is a humanitarian. He devotes all his life into the humanitarianism. He has a deep research in humanity and society; he criticizes the injustice in the society and the darkness in peoples heart. Due to restrictions historical era where Dickens see fundamental way to resolve social conflicts, in the works to promote the only bourgeois humanism. He was oppressed working people in sympathy, they also oppose the peoples advocate violent revolution class reconciliation, naively imagine that with love to overcome hate. The novel although not solve social conflict, but provides indispensable spiritual support for British. Dickens humanitarian, not only limited to the scope of moral theory, or he used to criticize the social reality of the dark weapons.A Tale of Two Cities, this classic novel stands the test of time. It is a good read, and gives great insight into human memories and reactions.III Contents This thesis is presented in three chapters. The thesis starts from introducing the author and the novel as well as the social background of that period. Then the paper talks about the humanitarianism inA Tale of Two Cities.PartI.Introduction1.1Humanitarianism1.2A brief introduction of the author.1.3 A brief introduction of . Social and Historical Background of the novel.Part II. Theembodimentofhumanitarianismonthecharacters inATaleofTwoCities2.1ThenovelexpressestheauthorssentimentalhumanitarianismonDr.Manettesfamily.2.2ThisnoveladvocatestheChristianloveandself-sacrifice2.3Thisnovelalsocriticizestheviolenceandoppression inthesociety.Part III.Conclusion:This novel expresses the authors capitalistic humanitarianism. He thinks that it is inevitable for the revolution to break out, but he disagrees with the cruelty and violence in the revolution. He is the capitalistic reformist in the 19th century.Bibliography改为References，参考书目要与文中（文献综述）引用一一对应 注意：参考书目必须是在开题报告中引用过的，没有引用内容就不能写在参考书目里。英文参考书目中，书名与杂志名斜体，文章名不斜体，且书名与文章名仅第一个单词首字母大写，专有名词除外。冒号后第一个单词首字母大写，文章名中作品名第一个单词及每个实词首字母大写。杂志名中每个实词首字母大写。 中文参考书目格式参见中北大学外语系毕业论文文本规范 （2010，12修订）1Page, Norman.A Dickens Companion. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd., 2009.2Drabble, Margaret. The Oxford Companion to English Literature Fifth Edition Oxford UniversityPress, 2009.3 Liu Binshan. A Short History of English Literature. Henan: an People Press, 2006.45Charles Dickens. A Tale of Two CitiesM.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，20056张德明著，世界文学史浙江大学出版社2007年出版，196-202页；7罗经国著，狄更斯的创作，辽宁大学出版社2001年出版，126135页；8张晓洁、许爱华著，论人道主义思想在双城记中的表现，2008年5月出版。9张玲.剥笋一双城记主题分层析J.外国文学研究,2009,(2):3339.10 张乃丹浅析双城记的人物形象及其思想意义高等教育与学术研究，（）：11 孙霏论双城记中的人道主义长春师范学院学报（人文社会科学版），（）：12许晖.浅析小说双城记中的人道主义J.牡丹江大学学报.2013(06)13张萦琪.试析双城记中狄更斯的人道主义精神J.英语广场(学术研究).2012(05)14 邱细平,王桃花,何素芳. 双城记中狄更斯人道主义思想解读J.湖南科技大学学报(社会科学版).2012(04)15 赵国荣.人道主义精神在小说双城记中的体现J.时代文学(下半月).2009(07)16 王爽论狄更斯在双城记中的人道主义思想长春大学学报，（）： 毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告本课题要研究或解决的问题和拟采用的研究手段（途径）： The problems of the research I want to solve1. What is the Humanitarianism?2. Whatembodiesthehumanitarianism in the novel ? The methods of the research1.Looking up materials on the Internet and resource centers2. Borrowing reference book from the school library.3. Helping from the guiding teacher. 毕 业 论 文 开 题 报 告指导教师意见： 指导教师： 年 月 日所在系审查意见： 系主任： 年 月 日