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Unit1 Great Scientistslift up 托起explain (sth) to sb 向某人解释 explain sb sth ( )as the environment changed 随着环境的改变physical characteristics 身体特征 keep sb safe 保证某人安全put forward a theory 提出一种理论examine a new scientific idea 检验一个新的科学想法draw / arrive at / come to / reach a conclusion 得出一个结论 此处a 并不固定，若有修饰时要改为 themake up a question设计问题analyse the results 分析结果attend to 处理；照顾； 专心于eg: I have some important things to attend to. 我有些重要事须处理。 If you go out, Ill attend to the baby. 你出去的话，我会照顾孩子的。 She didnt attend to what I was saying. 她没有专心听我刚才说的话。ordinary people 普通老百姓expose to 暴露deadly disease 致命的疾病neither nor 既不也不every time 每次，每当， 后接从句， 起连词作用 类似的有：the moment, the minute 一就solve the problem 解决问题get interested in 对有兴趣absorb into 吸收 be absorbed in 全神贯注于believe in 信任，信仰gather information 收集信息give a valuable clue 提供有价值的线索the cause of the disease 疾病的起因 cause 与of 搭配； reason 与 for 搭配be to blame for sth 应该受到责备 主动的形式表示被动的含义blame sb for sth 因某事责备某人 blame sth on sb 把归咎于look into 调查lose control of / be (get) out of control 失去控制in / under the control of 被控制着terrified people 惊慌失措的人们 过去分词作定语，类似有： affected person; astonished people； polluted waterremove from 搬离slow down 放慢速度，减缓in addition= besides= whats more 除此之外, 也，另外in addition to, 后接名词，代词be linked to 与联系with certainty 毫无疑问prevent / stop / keep. from doing sth 阻止做某事contribute to 有助于，促成make a contribution to 捐献，做出贡献come to an end 结束take up a new career 从事一项新的职业apart from 除之外有两层含义：1. = besides 并未排除 2. = except 真正意义上的排除在外make room for 腾出空间be strict with 对严格lead to 通向，导致make sense 有意义，讲得通punish sb for sth 因 而惩罚某人work on 从事于，忙于at times 有时be enthusiastic for / about/ over sth 对某事很热情be cautious about sb/sth 对某人/某事谨慎only if 只有if only 如果就好了 后面的句子常表示与现在或将来的事实相反，谓语动词要虚拟，用过去时态表示。If only I could help you! 如果我能帮助你，那该多好啊！point of view 态度，观点，看法instruct (vt) instruction (n) instructor (n) 教员，讲师 instructive (adj) 有教育意义的，由启发性的instructions = directions 操作指南，说明书follow the instructions 按照说明书on sbs construction 按照某人的吩咐 develop the film 洗照片Unit 2 The United Kingdomthe United Kingdom 联合王国the Prime Minister首相consist:consist of 由组成，（无被动态）= be made up of= be composed ofconsist in 存在于consist with 与一致，相符divide into 把分成 （整体部分） separate from和分开 （部分之间）There is no need to do sth 没有必要干某事 There is no chance/ possibility/ hope/doubt debate:debate about/on/over sth 为某事争论（争辩）a debate about the pollution 关于污染问题的讨论 a heated debate 激烈的辩论clarify any problems 弄明白任何问题 clarify water 净化水be linked to 与联系，连结refer to 提及，涉及find sb sth done (doing) 发现某人（物）处于某种状态How do you find sth/sb? =How do you like sth/sb? = What do you think of sth/sb? 你认为怎么样？to ones surprise/ disappointment/ delight/ horror令某人惊讶 / 失望 / 高兴 / 惊恐break away from 摆脱，脱离break down （机器等）损坏，不能运转；（计划，谈判）失败；破裂 （身体）垮掉；（化学物等的）分散，分解break into/ in 破门而入，突然发生 vt/vibreak up （关系）破裂；驱散（人群）break out （火灾，战争）突然发生，爆发break off 折断（树枝）；中断工作，谈话；休息break through 突破（障碍）；克服international relation 国际关系relation-relate-relative-relatively-related-relationship-relativityrelate to 有关relate A with (to) B 把A与B联系起来be related to sb/sth 与某人/某事有关in /with relation to 和联系起来；关于have no/some relation to 和毫无关系/有一些关系convenience: for convenience (sake) 为了方便起见at your convenience 在你方便的时候 Do this .convenient 的主语不用人，常用it 作形式主语。句式为：it is convenient for sb to do sth 某人方便做某事historical attraction 历史名胜attract /get/draw/catch ones attention 吸引某人的注意力be attracted to/by 被所吸引influence:under the influence of 受到的影响have great influence upon/on 对有很大的影响keep ones eyes open 睁大眼睛，要留意，不能错过take 与place组合take the place of 代替= be in place of 代替，取代take place 发生take ones place 代替某人的位置，就位leave out 省去make arrangement for 为做好准备occasion:on special occasions 在特殊的场合on that occasion 那时on occasion 有时，偶尔= at times/ from time to timeon every/ possible occasion 一有机会就in memory of为了纪念= in honor of come out of 从走出来ring out the hour 敲响整点的钟set the world time 为世界定时的钟an imaginary line 假想线pass through 通过，穿过；经历，遭受wonderful treasures 奇异珍宝on show 展出 be/feel proud of = take pride in为感到骄傲be consistent with与一致You can not afford to miss it. 你不要错过它。available 可得到的；有空的eg: 1.There is a little money available for the child. 这个孩子可供利用的钱很少的。2.The lawyer is not available now. 律师现在没空。be under construction 在建设中in evidence明显的，显而易见的be well worth doing 很值得做Unit3 Life in the Futureprivate school 私立学校 public school 公立学校in private 私下地lack: lack sth (vt) 缺少 eg: lack courage/ confidence/ responsibility 缺乏勇气/信心/责任感be lacking inlack of sth (n) eg: The plants died because of lack of water. 同义词：be short of eg: Im short of money. lack for nothing 应有尽有 press down 往下按the press 新闻界master a language 掌握一门语言 master English 掌握英语switch on/ off 开/ 关take up a prize 接受奖励rub ones eyes 擦亮眼睛remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事be unsettled 不安的as a result 结果是suffer from 遭受be similar to 与相似feel nervous and uncertain 感到不安be understanding 能理解人的make sb sleepy 人们感到昏昏欲睡be known for 因而出名 be known as 作为而出名transport sb into the future 把人送到未来hit by the lack of fresh air 由于缺乏新鲜空气in no time立刻，马上at any time 在任何时候in time 及时；迟早，最终 eg: In time, youll forget him.be back on ones feet=wellby doing 通过某种方式，手段get lost 迷路in all directions= in every direction 朝四面八方sight:lose sight of 看不见catch sight of 瞥见at first sight 乍一眼Out of sight, out of mind. 眼不见，心不烦。 in sight 在视线范围内slide into/ out of (slid, slid) 悄悄溜进/ 溜出on earth 究竟in length 在长度范围内 at length 详尽地；最终an optimistic view / a pessimistic view 乐观/悲观的观点be optimistic about 对乐观job opportunity 工作机会（opportunities）the alien creature 外星生物in whispers 低声地change into 变成assist: assist in 帮助，协助assist sb in doing sth assist sb with sthassistant : （n）助教，助手； (adj) 副的，助理的an assistant professor 助教skip out/off 悄悄地或匆匆地离开某地 skip over 遗漏，跳过go soft 变软go为系动词，soft作它的表语； 类似有：go crazy/ hungry/ badrequire sb to do sth 要求某人做某事require sb that 从句 should + v 原形require doing 需要 （主动形式表被动含义）eg: The floor requires washing. 地板需要擦了。take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用speed up 加速sweep up 打扫，把卷入make up 编造；打扮；补回；编制，草拟；组成，构成turn up （音量）调大；出现look up 查阅 注意：look up the word in the dictionary; refer to the dictionarygive up 放弃carry up 把带上去pick up 捡起；获得；恢复健康eat up 吃完，吃光 use up 用完，耗尽take after 相似take away 解除，消除；外卖take in 收留；包括；领悟；欺骗take off 脱掉；起飞take out 拔掉；带某人出去；申请取得take over 接任；接管作状语的过去分词通常与句子的主语存在着被动关系，它所表示的动作通常和谓语动词属于同一时间范畴，也可表示先于谓语动词发生的动作。若非常强调先发生的动作，可用having been doneeg: Having been told many times, he cant still remember it. 别人虽然已经告诉过他很多遍了，但他还是记不住。A be compared with B A与B比较be lost in 陷入be faced with 面对be caught in 被困在sb be seated ; sb sit Unit4 Making the Newsfuture occupation 未来职业 work for a newspaper 为新闻报纸工作China Daily 中国日报offer sb sthprovide sb with sthprovide sth for sbdo some research (on sth) 作调查，研究work experience 工作经历 enthusiasm for the job 对工作的热情 unforgettable moments 难忘的时刻be to do 表将来be about to do 不能与表示将来概念的时间状语连用eg: We are about to start tomorrow. (×)go out on a story= go out to cover a story 出去采访新闻 on + 名词 与 come/go 连用，表目的，去做某事a professional photographer 一位专业摄影师 take photographs 拍照片by profession 作为职业eager: be eager to do sth 渴望做某事be eager for/ about/ after sth be eager that +从句 concentrate on= be absorbed in 聚精会神 later on 之后take a course at university 在大学专修一门课程be of +抽象名词= 形容词be of interest= interesting be of importance= importantacquire all the information you need to know 获得你需要的所有信息have a nose for a story 对新闻有非常敏感的“嗅觉”have a nose for 具有探查或发现某事物的能力 have an eye for 对有鉴别能力have an ear for 对听觉灵敏find out the missing part of the story 查明新闻遗漏部分tell the whole truth说出全部真相 depend on依赖a trick of the trade 行业诀窍get sth straight 使某事准确无误accuse sb. of sth= charge sb. with sth指控某人做某事get the wrong end of the stick 完全搞错了this is how the story goes 事情是这样的so as to为了 (不能放在句首)be supposed to have done 理应做过某事arrange an interview 安排采访get a scoop 抢独家新闻case:in case +句子 以防，万一in case of +n/n短语 以防，万一in no case 决不（放在句首要部分倒装）in any case 不管怎样in this/ that case 如果这样/那样by accident= by chance 偶然，无意 deliberately = on purpose = by design故意defendagainst/ from 防卫以免于seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, scarcely 很少，几乎不 ahead of 在之前；超过set to work= get down to work着手工作 此处work 均为名词，to 均为介词wasted words or phrases 无用的话design the main headline and smaller heading 设计主标题和副标题polish the style 润色语言风格write a good front page article 写一篇很好的头版文章be processed into negatives 被印制成胶片last of all最后work on 从事printing process 印刷过程make/ fix an appointment with sb. 与某人约会have no intention of doing sth 没有意图做某事avoid doing; admit doing1. What are the qualities a good news reporter needs to have?一个好的新闻记者需具有什么品质？2. Not till you are more experienced!等你积累一些经验才行！3. Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.周阳决不会忘记他在中国日报报社第一天上班的工作任务。4. What the first day would be like, and how you would feel if you were to work for a famous newspaper or company?此句为对将来时态的虚拟相关时态 从句形式 主句形式表现在 过去式；were would/could/should/might +v原表过去 had +v-ed would/could/should/might +have done表将来 过去式；were to do; should +v原 would/could/should/might +v原Unit5 First Aidaid:give/ do/ perform/ carry out first aid (on sb) 实施急救first aid for the family 家庭急救first aid skills 急救技能a first-aid kit 急救箱with the aid of 在帮助下fall ill 生病作表语作定语ill生病坏的sick 恶心，呕吐的生病的eg: the sick child 生病的小孩ill luck 坏运feel sick/ be sick 生病Im ill. 我生病了injure, hurt, wound 区别： injure: 比hurt 正式，常指损害健康，成就，容貌等。 其名词为：injury hurt: 不仅指肉体上的伤害，也指感情上的伤害 wound: 指枪伤，刀伤居多get + -ed分词 例如：get injured, get burned, get infected save ones life 拯救生命burn:burn ones boats/ bridges 破釜沉舟burn ones fingers 自作自受a burned candle 一根烧过的蜡烛a burning candle 一根正在燃烧的蜡烛a sprained ankle 扭伤的脚踝a bloody nose 鼻子出血bleed (v)-blood (n)-bloody (adj)blue blood 贵族血统in cold blood 冷血types of burns- first, second, third degree burns烧伤的类型-一级、二级、三级烧伤Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。the treatment of burns 烧伤的治疗treat: 治疗= cure- heal（治愈） 对待= regard an essential part 最重要的部分be essential to/for sth be essential to do sth be essential that +从句protectagainst/from 保护以免于 preventfrom 阻止sense of touch/ smell/ taste/ hearing/ sight 触/ 嗅/ 味/ 听/ 视觉sense of humor/ time/ language/ music 幽默感/ 时间观/ 语感/ 乐感pain, ache区别ache: 身体长时间不断疼痛 用法：ache 作v时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是人。 head, tooth, stomach 能与ache 一起构成复合名词。 pain: 精神或肉体上的疼痛 用法：表身体疼痛, C eg: I have a pain / pains in the leg. = My leg aches. 表精神痛苦, U 表“努力，辛苦，操心”时，只用复数形式 eg: No pains, no gains. 不劳无获电 electric 电的，电动的 electric shock 电击； electric wire 电线electrical 关于电的知识或电的研究内容 electrical engineer 电机工程师electronic 电子的 electronic watch 电子手表electricity (n) U电，电流，电学影响系列的词affect: (vt) effect: (n) 常用短语：have an effect on 对有影响，对其作用，产生效果 influence (vt) (n) have a (great/strong) influence on/upon 对有（很大）影响 under the influence of 在影响下mild / severe sunburn 轻微的/严重的灼伤turn / go white 变白 turn, go, become 等词，解释为“变得”时，为系动词，eg: turn silent, go badclothing U衣服（总称） jewellery=jewelry U珠宝（总称） jewel: C ice pack 冰袋 icy water 冰水 squeezeout 挤出 squeezethrough 挤着通过over and over again 反复，多次in place 在适当的位置；适当 out of placebe in place of sb/ sth 取代 = take the place of sb = take sbs placeif possible 如有可能 sit up 坐起来；熬夜knock over a kettle 打翻水壶 iron clothes 熨衣服catch fire / be on fire 着火present sb with sth / present sth to sb 赠与某人某物recognize the bravery 表彰英雄行为stab with (a knife) 用刀刺 stabstabbedstabbed quick action 快速反应 quick thinking 思维敏捷put ones hands on 找到dress the most severe injuries to sbs hands 把某人手上最严重的伤口包扎起来under pressure 在压力下 be proud of = take pride in 以自豪There is no doubt that 毫无疑问 stick to 粘住， 坚持 （stick, stuck, stuck）A knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. 急救知识的确能发挥重要作用。make a / no / some difference (to / in sb/sth) 起很大作用/ 不起作用/ 起一些作用attend a special reception 参加一个特别的接待会cross out 删掉，划掉rescue breathing / mouth to mouth 人工呼吸victim 受害者slap 拍打check for a pulse 检查脉搏wrap in bandages 用绷带包扎press on 按住slippery 滑的ladder 梯子stove 炉子electric appliances 电器musical instruments 乐器 unplug 拔去插头hair dryer 吹风机extinguishers 灭火器curtain 窗帘follow instructions 遵照说明have a nosebleed 流鼻血pinch 捏10
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