高考英语单选题知识点

单单 项项 填填 空空 的的 命命 题题 特特 征征 知识覆盖面广知识覆盖面广 语境地位突出语境地位突出 交际性原则明确交际性原则明确 试题题干新颖试题题干新颖 迷惑性较大迷惑性较大 灵活性较高灵活性较高 解题技巧：解题技巧： 还原法还原法 排除思维定势排除思维定势 克服汉英差异克服汉英差异 注意题干惯性注意题干惯性 区分形近义近词区分形近义近词 弄清语言环境弄清语言环境 代词代词22 从句从句273134 介词搭配介词搭配21 情景交际情景交际2435 冠词冠词26 情态动词情态动词 32 句子结构句子结构33 动词时态动词时态语态语态232830 非谓语动词非谓语动词2529 高考单选题知识点高考单选题知识点 高考英语陷阱题归纳高考英语陷阱题归纳 从句从句 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【分析分析】最佳答案是最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从引出的非限制性定语从句，而在从句中，主语是句，而在从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数，而不是用单数 was. 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选容易误选A或或B，将，将A、B中的中的 which 和和 it 误认为是误认为是其后句子的主语。其后句子的主语。 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析1 定语从句，主谓一致与倒装定语从句，主谓一致与倒装 （1） The murder happened in an old building, beside _ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are （2） Next month well move to a new building, next to _ a nice restaurant where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are Example 2. _ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What 【分析分析】答案是答案是 B。比较下面一题：。比较下面一题： eg1. _ is known to us all is that EXPO 2010 will take place in Shanghai.（主语从句）（主语从句） A. It B. As C. That D. What eg2._ is known to us all that EXPO 2010 will take place in Shanghai. （主语从句）（主语从句） A. It B. As C. That D. What 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析2 定语从句与主语从句定语从句与主语从句 3. He had thousands of students, many of _gained great success in their own field. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选容易误选 B，用，用 them 代指代指 students. 【分析分析】最佳答案是最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语为非限制性定语从句。假若在从句。假若在many of 的前面加上连词的前面加上连词and，则，则选答案选答案B. 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析3 定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句 （1） He brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before.(09全国全国) A. them B. who C. whom D. these （2） He brought with her three friends, and none of _ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these 比较下面两题比较下面两题： 4. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _ invited to his wedding. A. whom B. them C. which D. who 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析分析】最佳答案是最佳答案是 B，这不是非限制性定语从句，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个而是一个独立主格结构独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析4 定语从句与独立主格结构定语从句与独立主格结构 eg1. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents seated together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。，认为这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析分析】最佳答案是最佳答案是A. their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动作动词用时，是及物动词。词用时，是及物动词。 eg2. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _ parents sat together joking. A. their B. whose C. which D. that （1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that （2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _ were carried out in their work. A. which B. them C. what D. that Example 5. David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【分析分析】答案为答案为C，不是，不是A，因为在，因为在such that （如此（如此以至以至）结构中，）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，引导的是结果状语从句， 并且并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 that ，动词，动词like 缺宾语。所以用缺宾语。所以用as 作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词前的名词boy，同时，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语的宾语. 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析5 定语从句与结果状语从句定语从句与结果状语从句 (1) David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom (2) It was not such a good dinner _ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as Example 6. If the man is only interested in your looks, _ just shows how shallow he is. A. as B. which C. what D. that 【陷阱陷阱】容易误选容易误选A或或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。，误这是非限制性定语从句。 【分析分析】正确答案为正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句， 逗号后是该状语从句的主句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。况，用作主句的主语。 例：例： Whether you go or not, _ is quite all right with me. A. that B. which C. and it D. so 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析6 状语从句与定语从句状语从句与定语从句 eg1. Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.(34重庆）重庆） A. why B. what C. that D. where D eg2.Peter was so excited _ he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing.(27重庆）重庆） A. Where B. that C. when D. why C eg3. Yesterday my classmate John became so angry _his friend lost his beloved book. A. that B. why C. because D. whom C 7.She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _ he said meant. A. that B. what C. that that D. what what 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析7 名词性从句误解名词性从句误解 【陷阱陷阱】可能误选可能误选B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和和D，所，所以便选择了以便选择了B. 【分析分析】正确答案选正确答案选 D.第一个第一个what 用作动词用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个的宾语，第二个what 用作动词用作动词 said 的宾语，即在的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，中，none of us understood 为主句，为主句，what what he said meant 为为宾语从句。宾语从句。 _ he promised us turned out a cheat made all of us quite angry. A. what that B. What what C. Which what D. That what Example 分析：That what he promised us turned out a cheat made all of us quite angry. 典型陷阱题分析典型陷阱题分析8 eg1.where did you see Mr. Wang? - It was in the hotel _ he stayed yesterday. A that B what C which D where 定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句 分析：易错选分析：易错选A，如果不看前面的问话，这个句子是正确的强，如果不看前面的问话，这个句子是正确的强调句。但是这是个省略句，应该补全答语调句。但是这是个省略句，应该补全答语 that I saw Mr. Wang，所以该句是考的定语从句。正确答案是，所以该句是考的定语从句。正确答案是D。 定语从句，主谓一致与倒装定语从句，主谓一致与倒装 定语从句与主语从句定语从句与主语从句 定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句 定语从句与独立主格结构定语从句与独立主格结构 定语从句与结果状语从句定语从句与结果状语从句 状语从句与定语从句状语从句与定语从句 名词性从句误解名词性从句误解 定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句 Summary