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8B Unit 1 Past and presentPeriod 4 Grammar（1）Title(课题)GrammarType(课型)New（新授课）Period(课时)4Supportingtheories(理论支撑)A. 波兰尼的知识分类观：隐性知识是存在于个人头脑中的、难以正规化、难以沟通的知识。所以，我们知道的多于我们能够言说的。显性知识和隐性知识构成了一座冰山，前者浮出海面，后者在下面托起整个冰山。从根本意义上说，只有借助隐性知识的力量，人类所有的显性知识才得以发生和发展，人类的知识创新才有根基。B多元智能理论：多元情境化教学策略是激发学生学习兴趣的有效办法。运用多元情境化教学策略，将英语课的导入多样化，使教学内容很快就调动起学生的多种智能，实现了“把学习时间和学习过程还给学生”，让学生在探索和合作中获得知识，促进英语学习。有效地实现了事半功倍的效果。实践证明多元情境化教学策略在初中英语教学中的应用，必然调动学生多种智能活动，学生在参与的过程中，体会到了学习英语的快乐，从而拉近了英语与学生的距离，激发了学生学习英语的兴趣，培养了学生自主学习的能力。有效地提高了课堂教学的成效。Aims & Demands(教学目标)Key points & Difficulties(教学重、难点)1. To use present perfect tense to talk about events that started in the past and are connected to the present.2. To understand adverbs of time and use them with present perfect tense correctly.Teaching methods(教学方法)Task-based approachSituational Teaching MethodGroup workAids: 课前准备（教具、活动准备等）make some cards; blackboard; computer; OHP (overhead projector);教 学 设 计课前延伸1. Preview the new words of this part and try to master the usage of them.2. Try to do some exercises of this part.通过课前预习，写下不明白的问题，以备上课时搞懂Teaching Plan(授课计划)Studying Plan(学习计划)Aims(设计意图)课内探究学Step OneWarm up1. To listen to music you and me2. Check the preview work in groups.通过音乐以激发学生兴趣，提高学生的听力，利于提高学生的口语表达能力。Step TwoPresentation1. Present the patterns and work out the rule.Eddie has lived with Millie since he was born.I have lived with my parents for 14 years.Subject+ have/has +past participle (+others)2. Description.Ask the students to describe the pictures using the structure above.They have finished their homework. /My parents have not come back yet. /You have not visited me for a long time.3. Past participles of some verbs Past participles of most verbs and irregular verbs.visit-visited come-come4. Questions and answers-Have you studied English for 14 years?-No, I havent.-Has she traveled to Shanghai recently?-Yes, he has.5.Time expressions with present perfect tenseMake sentences with these time expressions as follows: already, ever, for, just, never, since, yet, recently巧用图片,呈现新语法结构，激起学生的学习热情，避免语法课的枯燥无趣。通过呈现句子，帮助学生总结语法结构，让学生在学中练，练中学。学生选取喜欢的图片小组讨论，创造性地造出一些有趣的句子，培养团队精神。导Step ThreePractice1. 用正确的时态完成句子2. 选择正确的时间表达词汇填空通过专项练习并配以技能教授，加深对现在完成时的理解。采用小组合作探究的形式进行，有利于降低难度，培养合作精神。练Step FourProductionThrough games to test whether the students have mastered present perfect tense.Subject on group1s card; verb on group2s card; the object or adverb on the group3s card; time adverb on group4s card. One student in group 1 reads subject, the other 3 groups should read relevant contents. If they can do it successfully, they have mastered it. 通过游戏的形式检测学生对现在完成时的掌握程度，检查学生对与现在完成时有关的时间状语的理解。课后提升Step Five Assignment1. Finish the exercises on the paper.2. Make sentences with present perfect tense.3. Preview the part ofIntegrated skills 减负增效，强化双基，重视能力。4
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