might都可以用来表示请求或给予许可但用法上有课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,牛津,9B,Unit 1,Grammar,can,could,may,might,都可以用来表示请求或给予许可。但用法上有一些区别,：,1.can,与,could,can,常用于口语中，表示非正式的请求，请求对象一般是家人或朋友。如：,Can I borrow your bike,Simon?,西蒙，我可以借一下你的自行车吗？,Of course.,当然可以。,Can I have some milk,Mum?,妈妈，我可以喝点牛奶吗？,Yes,you can.,好的。,could,是,can,的过去式，在口语中，,could,常用来代替,can,向对方更委婉地提出请求，用法上比,can,正式，可以用于向老师或长辈提出请求，这时,could,不表示过去，回答一般还是用,can,。如：,a)Could I use your computer,please?,请问，我可以用一下你的电脑吗？,Yes,you can.,可以。,b)Could I hand in our homework later,Mr,Lin?,林老师，我可以稍后交作业吗？,No,you cant.,不，不行,。,2.may,与,might,may,也可以用来征求对方意见，意为“可以”，相当于,could,，用法也比,can,更正式，更礼貌，一般用于向陌生人或所尊敬的人请求许可。如：,May I ask you a question?,我可以,问你一个问题吗？,Yes,please.,可以，请问。,b)May I come in,Mr Wu?,吴老师，,我可以进来吗？,No,you may not.,不行。,might,是,may,的过去式，它也可以用来表示征求对方意见，不过很少用。,might,在语气上比,may,更婉转，但不如,may,表现得那么自信，这时,might,不表示过去时态，肯定回答时通常用,may,。如：,a)Might I join you?,我可以加入你们吗？,Yes,you may.,可以。,b)Might I have a look at your new plan?,我可以看一下你的新计划吗？,No,you may not.,不，不行。,Exercises:,1.May I go surfing alone this afternoon,Dad?,No,you _.It is dangerous.(2005,江苏南京,),A.may not B.cant C.neednt D.dont,1.,选,B,。这里是情态动词,may,的否定回答。,2.Can I get you a drink?,_.I have already got one.(2005,甘肃,),A.Thats very nice of you.,B.No,you dont have to.,C.Yes,please.,D.With pleasure.,2.,选,B,。这里,can I,句子是征求意见，所以,排除,A,、,D,。再根据下句,I have already got,one.,说明“不需要”,故可排除,C,。,3.Lin Lings mother wanted to know _.,(2005,四川,),A.if she studied hard at school,B.how did she study at school,C.what did she study at school,3.,选,A,。此处为宾语从句，且从句的语序应,为陈述句语序。,4.Do you want to know _in the future?A special mirror invented by the French scientists can help you.(2006,山东莱芜,),A.what you will look like,B.what will you look like,C.how do you look like,D.how you look like,4.,选,A,。这里是宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序，,排除,B,C,；“看上去怎样”疑问词应该用,what,，,作为介词,like,的宾语，排除,D,。,5.It is said that the gravity on Mars is only about _ of the gravity on Earth.(2006,江苏苏州,),A.three-eighths B.third-eight,C.three-eights D.third-eight,5.,选,A,。这里考查的是分数的表达。,宾 语 从 句,一、宾语从句的概念,宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。,eg,.We know,Mr Green teaches English.,She asked,if these answers were right.,二、宾语从句三要素,引导词（连接词）,语 序,时 态,e.g.,I hear(that)_.,He said(that)_.,The teacher told us(that)_ _.,he will be back in an hour,he missed us very much,the earth moves,由,从属连词,that,引导的宾语从句,注,：,that,在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,around the sun,that,不能省略的几种情况,在由,that,引导的宾语从句中，由于连词,that,只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列,that,引导的宾语从句中，,that,则不能省略。,1.,从句的主语是,that,。如：,He says that that is a real kings hat.,他说那是一个真的王冠。,2.that,从句中含有主从复合句。如：,Im afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.,3.,主从句之间有插入语时。如：,It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.,卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,4.,若出现两个或两上以上的由,that,引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词,that,可以省略。,如：,She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.,她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。,if,，,whether,引导的宾语从句,.if,和,whether,引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但,if,常用于口语中，,whether,比较正式。,如：,Millie asked if/whether he liked this sweater.,米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。,The fisherman wants to know if/whether it will rain.,渔民想知道天是否会下雨。,.if,和,whether,引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于,if,和,whether,连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。,如：,Does Mr Zhao live in Room 208?Could you tell me?,Could you tell me if/whether,Mr Zhao lives in Room 208,?,其次要注意时态变化：,1.,若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。,如：,He wants to know if/whether they had a good journey home.,他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。,2.,若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。,如：,Did the train leave?She didnt know.,She didnt know if/whether the train had left.,.if,和,whether,的区别。,二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：,1.,宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用,whether,，不用,if,。,如：,Whether this is true or not,I cant say.,这是否对，我不能说。,2.,宾语从句与,or not,直接连用时，应用,whether,，不能用,if,。,如：,I dont know whether or not he will come,tomorrow.,我不知道他明天是否要来。,3.,与动词不定式连用时，只能用,whether,。,如：,She cant decide whether to go to America.,她不能决定是否去美国。,4.,从句作介词宾语时，只能用,whether,。,如：,I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,我担心是否伤了她的感情。,5.,宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用,if,，不能用,whether,。,如,：,Tom wants know if he wont come here tomorrow.,汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。,6.if,意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而,whether,没有这个用法。,如：,If Simon comes here tomorrow,Ill call you.,假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。,选择填空。,1,.I dont know if Mr.Wang _on a field trip.If he _ on a field trip tomorrow,please call me.,A.goes;will go B.will go;goes,C.will go;will go D.goes;goes,2.She asked me if I knew _.,A.whose pen was it B.whose pen it was,C.whose pen it is D.whose pen is it,Exercises:,3.They wondered if the teacher _ us English the next term.,A.would teach B.had taught,C.will teach D.taught,4.The boy asked _ any noise from outside.,A.whether had I heard,B.whether I had heard,C.whether have I heard,D.whether I have heard,5.I havent decide _ Ill go out or stay at home.,A.if B.when,C.why D.whether,6.I want to know _ he loves you.,A.th