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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Respiratory,system,第一页，共三十一页。,Respiratory system,第二页，共三十一页。,Nasal cavity,pharynx&larynx.,Trachea&bronchi.,Lung.,第三页，共三十一页。,一、trachea,第四页，共三十一页。,mucosa,submucosa,adventitia,trachea,(HE),Mixed gland,第五页，共三十一页。,EM:epithelium of trachea,4.Small granule C,1.Ciliated C,2.Brush C,3.Goblet C,5.Basal C,第六页，共三十一页。,The wall of trachea,1.Mucosa=epithelium+lamina propria,pseudostratiated ciliated columnar,Ciliated,C,goblet,C,brush,C,basal,C,small granular,C.,2.Submucosa=,CT,+,mixed glands,3.Adventitia=16-20,C,shaped,hayline cartilage rings.,第七页，共三十一页。,atmosphere&alveoli,alveoli&,blood,(blood&tissue),Gas exchange,bronchiole,lung,lung,二、lung,第八页，共三十一页。,Lung,Low power,第九页，共三十一页。,lung,parenchyma:bronchial trees&alveoli.,Principal bronchi(,Br,)lobular、segmental,Br,smaller,Br,bronchioleterminal bronchiole,respiratory bronchiole,alveolar duct、alveolar sacalveoli.,Conduction portion:above terminal bronchioles.,Respiratory portion:respiratory bronchiole to alveoli.,Pulmonary lobule,:bronchiole and its ramifications.,第十页，共三十一页。,Conduction portion,lobular Br&smallBr,Epithelium,GobletC,Glands,Cartilageplate,SMC,第十一,页,页，共,三,三十一,页,页。,Conduction portion,bronchiole&,terminalbrochiole,Simpleciliatedcolumnar.,GobletC,（,（）,Gland,（,（,）,）,Cartilageplate,（,（）,SMC,第十二,页,页，共,三,三十一,页,页。,Rulesofstructural variance in conductingportion,Small Br,bronchiole,Terminal bronchiole,Epi,Pseudostratified,Ciliated columnar,Simple ciliated,columnar,Simple columnar,*clara,cell,Goblet,C,+,+/-,-,Mixed gland,+,+/-,-,Cartilage plate,+,+/-,-,SMC,+,+,+,第十三,页,页，共,三,三十一,页,页。,Respiratoryportion,Respiratory bronchiole,The wall is interrupted,Simple cuboidalEpi,clara C,SMC,第十四页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,Respiratory portion,Alveolar duct&alveolarsac,The wall,manyalveoli,SMC,*,Simple cuboidal,squamous,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,No SMC*,第十五页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,Respiratory portion,alveolus,肺泡,(fip,o),管,Simple alveolarEpi.,第十六页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,(1),Respiratory portion,#,constituents,：respiratory bronchiole，alveolar duct，alveolar sac,，,，alveolus。,1.Respiratory bronchiole,The wall,few alveoli open into.,Simple cuboidalEpi,SMC.,第十七页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,(2),Respiratory portion,2.,Alveolar duct&alveolarsac,The wall,manyalveoli open into.,Knobsin the wall ofalveolarduct,Knobsis sphincter-like SMC.,第十八页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,(3),Respiratory portion,3.alveolus:,type,I,alveolar,C,type,II alveolar C,alveolar septum.,第十九页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,TypeII alveolar C,macrophage,Elastic fiber,第二十页，,共,共三十一页,。,。,typeI alveolar C,第二十一页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,TypeII alveolar C,Osmiophilic Multilamellarbodies,第二十二页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,blood-airbarrier,第二十三页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,Alveoli,TypeI cell,squamous,coveredmostsurface ofthealveoli.,TypeII cell,LM:,roundor cuboidal,cell body protrude into the lumen.,EM:,osmiophilic multilamellarbody,withabundant phospholipids.,Functions:secret,surfactant,reduce surfacetension,stabilize alveoli.,第二十四页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,Alveolar septum:,continuous,Cap.,elasticfiber.macrophagedust,C,.,blood-airbarrier,includes,:,1.mucus layer on surfaceof alveoli,2.type,I,alveolar,C,3.BMof alveolar,C,4.delicatelayer of,CT,5.continuous,Cap.,BM,6.continuous,Cap.,Endothelium.,第二十五页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,Terminal,bronchiole,Respiratory,bronchiole,Alveolar duct,Alveolar sac,1,2,3,4,第二十六页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,Rulesof structuralvariance in respiratory portion,wall,Epi.,SMC,Respiratory bronchiole,Not integrated,Alveoli open,Simple columan,Simple cuboidal,thin,Alveolar duct,Many alveoli open into,Simple cuboidal,A few,Alveolar sac,of alveoli,Alveolar Epi.,no,alveolus,Irregular vesicular,Alveolar Epi.,no,第二十七页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,Alveolar epithelialcell,shape,cytoplasm,functions,Type I,squamous,Phagocytotic vesicle,Covered 95%of the surface of alveoli to benefit gas exchange.,Type II,round,cuboidal,Osmiophilic multilamellar body,Secret surfactant to reduce surface tension and stabilize the alveoli.,TypeI,cellcan not regenerate.,TypeII cell can differentiateintoTypeI,cell.,*,第二十八页,，,，共三十一,页,页。,keypoints,Thebasic structureof trachea.,Histologic structureofconduction portion.,Histologic structureofrespiratoryportion.,Esp.thealveolar epithelium,第二十九,页,页，共三,十,十一页。,Thank you!,第三十页,，,，共三十,一,一页。,内容,(nirng),总结,Respiratory。1.Mucosa=epithelium+laminapropria。+。+。SMC*。NoSMC*。5.continuousCap.BM。6.continuousCap.Endothelium.。*。Thankyou,第三十一,页,页，共三,十,十一页。,
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