小升初语法总复习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,(,人教,Pep,）六年级英语下册课件,小升初语法总复习,一、词类：,这里强调一点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用,is,1,）名词复数如何加后缀（各种不同情况变化）,A.,一般情况直接加,-s,book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds,B.,以,s.x.sh.ch,结尾加,-es,：,bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peachpeaches glassglasses,C.,以“辅音字母,+y”,结尾变,y,为,i,再加,-es family-families studystudies,D.,以“,f,或,fe”,结尾变,f,或,fe,为,v,，再加,-es knife-knives,E.,不规则名词复数,man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese,一、词类,：,练习,写出下列各词的复数,I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _,tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_,2.,人称代词,第三人称,第二人称,第一人称,I,，,we,主格,you,he,she,it,they,me,，,us,you,him,，,her,It them,宾格,3.,形容词性物主代词,I you she he it they we,主格：,My your her his its their our,形容词性物主代词,:,This is,（,my/I,）,mother.,2.Nice to meet,（,your/you,）,.,3.,（,He/His,）,name is Mark.,4.Whats,（,she/her,）,name?,5.Excuse,（,me/my/I,）,.,6.Are,（,your/you,）,Miss Li?,7.,（,I/My,）,am Ben.,8.,（,She/Her,）,is my sister.,9.Fine,thank,（,your/you,）,.,10.How old is,（,he/his,）,exercises,4.,指示代词,指近处指远处单数,this,（这个）,that,（那个）复数,these,（这些）,those,（那些）,5.,冠词有,a,、,an,、,the,。,a,和,an,的区别：,an,用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母,a,、,e,、,i,、,o,、,u,）前，,a,用于辅音音素前。,6.,形容词和副词的比较级,一、形容词的比较级,1.,形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词,than,。比较,级前面可以用,more,a little,来修饰表示程度。,than,后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。,2.,形容词加,er,的规则：一般在词尾加,er,；以字母,e,结尾，加,r,；,3.,以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加,er,；“辅音字母,+y”,结尾，先把,y,变,i,，再加,er,。,4.,不规则形容词比较级：,good-better,beautiful-more beautiful,二、副词的比较级,1,形容词与副词的区别,(,有,be,用形，有形用,be,；有动用副，有副用动,),（,1,）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或,be,动词之后（,2,）副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后,2,副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同,(,不规则变化：,well-better,far-farther),练习,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：,1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers?Hers is.,6.Marys hair is as _(long)as Lucys.,7.Ben _(jump)_(high)than some of the boys in his class.,8._ Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?Yes,she _.,9.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other girls.,10.My eyes are _(big)than _(she).,11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?,12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?,二、否定句,be,动词（,am,、,is,、,are,）,+not,、,情态动词,can+not,、,助动词（,do,、,does,）,+not,如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：,1.,看句中有无,be,动词，如有，直接在,be,动词后,+not,。,2.,看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后,+not,。,3.,如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词,+not,。,三、一般疑问句,（,1,）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。,（,2,）确定助动词用,do,、,does,，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用,do,，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用,does,，,（,3,）在助动词后加,not,。,（,4,）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。,强调一点，有,some,的要考虑是否要用,any,。,常用疑问词：,What time,什么时间 问具体时间，如几点,Who,谁问人,Whose,谁的问主人,Where,在哪里问地点,What,什么问东西、事物,What colour,什么颜色问颜色,How old,多大年纪问年纪,How many,多少数量（可数名词）问数量,How much,多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）,五 时态（一）：一般现在时,用法,：,经常性的和习惯性的动作,常用时间状语,：,usually,sometimes,in spring,every day,in the morning,动词构成,：动词原型,.work,动词,+S.,（主语是第三人称单数）,works,否定构成,：,dont+,动原,doesnt+,动原,一般疑问构成及简答,：,Do+,主语,+,动原,+,其它？,Yes,I do.Does+,主语,+,动原,+,其它？,No,he doesnt.,特殊疑问举例,：,1.What do you often do on Sundays?2.Where does he live?,1.,She _(go)to school at eight o,clock.,2.,It,s six o,clock.They are _ supper.(eat),3.,He usually _ up at 17:00.(get),4.,She _(live)in Beijing.,5.,Sally _(be)here just now.(,刚才,),6.,_(be)there a fly(,苍蝇,)on the table just now?,7.,They are _(dig)a hole(,洞,).,8.,My father _(mend)his model(,模型,)plane these days,用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作,常用时间状语：,now,these days,动词构成：,am/is/are+,现在分词,(-ing)am/is/are working,否定构成：,am/is/are+not+,现在分词,For example:Tom,is playing,football on the playground.,一般疑问构成及简答,：,Am/Is/Are+,主语,+,现在分词,+,其它？,Yes,I am(he is.)/No,they arent,特殊疑问举例：,What are you doing now?,Who is flying a kite there?,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。,1.Look!The children _(swim)in the river.,2.Now we _(want)to play basketball.,3.-_you _(draw)a picture?,-No,Im not.I _(write)a letter.,4,What are you _(do)now?I _(eat)bread.,5.Its nine oclock.My father_(work)in the office.,6.Look,the boy_(put)the rubbish into the bin.,7._ he _(clean)the classroom?No,he isnt.,He_(play).,8.Where is Mark?He_(run)on the grass.,9.Listen,who _(sing)in the music room?Oh,10.Look!LiPing and Li Ying _(play)basketball now.,一般过去时,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作,常用时间状语：,yesterday,last night,two days ago,in 2000,at that time,before liberation,，,when,等引导的含 过去时的句子。,动词构成：,动词过去时（,-ed,）,worked work,否定构成：,didnt+,动原,didnt work,一般疑问构成及简答举例：,Did+,主语,+,动原,+,其它？,Yes,主语,+did./No,主语,+didnt,.,一般疑问构成及简答举例：,Did+,主语,+,动原,+,其它？,We,went,to the cinema yesterday.,Did you go to,the cinema yesterday,?,特殊疑问句举例：,What did he do yesterday?,When did he get up this morning,?,备注：,He opened the door.(,不能确定门现在是否开着,),练习,一、用,be,动词的适当形式填空,1.I _ at school just now.2.He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ students two years ago.4.They _ on the farm a moment ago.5.Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6.There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7.There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8.The mobile phone _ on the sofa,yesterday evening.