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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2016/7/28,#,高考改错答题技巧,丁木木,1996,答题步骤,一、先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意。,二、综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题（即改词、加词或减词）。,短文改错中常出现的错误,1.,名词：单复数用错，可数与不可数名词的混用。大多数短文改错都会有此类的错误。,如：,They take him lots of good book and fresh fruit.,2.,动词：时态和语态，常出现在总体时态为过去或现在时，中间杂有不适的另一时态的现象；或是及物动词后无宾语，或是不及物动词后加了宾语；需要接,-,ing,形式的接了,to,，或相反等。,如：,When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, Thats it,短文改错中常出现的错误,3.,形容词副词：经常出现需要使用形容词的地方用了副词或相反；关系副词,where,，,when,，,why,等的缺失或错用。,如：,He has a comfortable room, patiently nurses,and a great deal of time to read.,如：,My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.,4.,介词：主要是介词的多余或缺失，错用。这一部分需要平时多多积累，弄清常用介词的搭配。,如：,My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.,短文改错中常出现的错误,5.,主谓一致性：第三人称单数漏掉,s,，或主语为复数，谓语动词用了单数；再就是就近原则对主语的影响。,如：,What he does or what he says do not concern me.,6.,常用固定短语或固定用法及句型用错。,如：,It was a lesson to us that it was possible give without expecting anything in return.,短文改错中常出现的错误,7.,冠词：,*,定冠词,the,的多余或缺失，如季节，月份，星期，球类及三餐活动，称呼头衔前等不能加,the,的地方加了,the,，或是,same,等常和,the,一起使用的词却漏掉了,the,。,如,1,：, and sports center has been built in its place.,*a,，,an,的混用，特别注意：,hour,，,honest,等虽然首字母不是元音字母，但其发音却是以元音素开头，故用,an,，而,useful,，,university,，,European,，,onehour,等虽然首字母是元音字母，但却以辅音音素开头，故用,a,。,如,2,：,The driver put the window down and offered us a umbrella because he found we were wet through.,短文改错中常出现的错误,8.,数词：主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百,hundreds of,，几千,thousands of,漏掉了,s,，或是当其前有具体数字或,several,时加了复数，如,seven hundred,，写作,seven hundreds,。,9.,连词：不合句中的逻辑关系。如需转折连词（如,but,）的时候用了承接连词（,so,），或相反等等。,如：,This man might need the umbrella himself, and he preferred to give it to somebody else.,短文改错中常出现的错误,10.,代词：主要是代词的格与数的错用。如男性用了女性代词，单数用了复数代词或相反；应当用形容词性的物主代词用了宾格，主格或相反，关系代词的错用或缺失。如只能用,that,引导的用了其它，或在不能用,that,的地方却用了,that,，或是在“介词,+,关系代词”结构中漏掉了介词等。,如,1,：,The factory has been moved out of the city, and a sports center has been built in their place.,如,2,：,I began to realize which was happening.,如,3,：,One day I saw a second-hand bicycle, that was only one hundred yuan.,答题步骤,二、综合运用所学语言知识，根据各行不同的错误情况分别进行答题（即改词、加词或减词）。,三、验证答案。改完后，要回过头来重读一遍全文，查看改过后是否能使语气通顺，时态一致，合乎逻辑。再次通读可以在初改时感觉不顺的地方集中精力，仔细推敲，使答案更加准确。,注意事项,文中的,10,处错误，一般为,1,处缺词，,1,处删词，,8,处改词。,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。,标准试题中，错误不会密集出现。,每种错误类型一般只出现一次，可有目的性地找错。,
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