被动语态译法课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,第八讲被动语态的译法,第八讲被动语态的译法,1,被动语态在英语里是一种语言里是一种常见,的语法现象。在某些文体中,使用被动句几,乎成了一种表达习惯(passive habit)。S,Baker在“The Practical stylist”一书中指出,our massed.scientific.and bureaucratic,society is so addicted to the passive voice that,you must constantly alert yourself against its,drowsy,impersonal pomp.”被动句促成了物称,倾向,物称倾向也滋长了被动句,被动语态在英语里是一种语言里是一种常见,2,英语常用被动句,主要原因如下:,一、施事的原因。人们表达思想的时候,通,常使用主动句。但当主动句的施事(agent),由于以下的原因而不需要或不可能指明时,英语往往采用被动句;,1.施事未知而难以言明,如,&o The murderer was caught yesterday,and it is,said that he will be hanged,凶手已于胙天被捕,据说他将会被绞死,英语常用被动句,主要原因如下:,3,2施事从上下文可以不言自明。如,.&.She told me that her master had dismissed her,No reason had been assigned:no objection had,been made to her conduct.She had been,forbidden to appeal to her mistress,她告诉我,她的男主人已解雇了她。男主人,没有讲明任何理由,对她的行为没有任何异,议,也不许她向女主人申诉,2施事从上下文可以不言自明。如,4,二、句法的要求。英语重形合,注重句法结构和表,达形式。当主动式不便于表达时,出于造句的需要,火修辞的考虑,往往采用被动句式,1.为了使句子承上启下、前后连贯、便于衔接,如:,.Some kinds of plastics can be forced through,machines which separate them into long,thin strings,calledfibers and these fibers can be made into cloth,有几种塑料可以压入机器并分离成细长的纤维,这,种纤维可以用来织布。,二、句法的要求。英语重形合,注重句法结构和表,5,被动语态译法课件,6,被动语态译法课件,7,被动语态译法课件,8,被动语态译法课件,9,被动语态译法课件,10,被动语态译法课件,11,被动语态译法课件,12,被动语态译法课件,13,被动语态译法课件,14,被动语态译法课件,15,被动语态译法课件,16,被动语态译法课件,17,被动语态译法课件,18,被动语态译法课件,19,被动语态译法课件,20,被动语态译法课件,21,被动语态译法课件,22,被动语态译法课件,23,被动语态译法课件,24,被动语态译法课件,25,被动语态译法课件,26,被动语态译法课件,27,被动语态译法课件,28,被动语态译法课件,29,被动语态译法课件,30,被动语态译法课件,31,被动语态译法课件,32,被动语态译法课件,33,被动语态译法课件,34,被动语态译法课件,35,被动语态译法课件,36,被动语态译法课件,37,被动语态译法课件,38,被动语态译法课件,39,被动语态译法课件,40,被动语态译法课件,41,被动语态译法课件,42,被动语态译法课件,43,被动语态译法课件,44,被动语态译法课件,45,被动语态译法课件,46,