被动语态(更改后)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,*,*,中考语法精讲,被动语态,2024/11/19,被动语态的基本构成：,be+,动词的过去分词,（,be+done,),2024/11/19,1.,一般现在时,am/is/are+done,We,clean,the classroom every day.,The classroom,is,cleaned,by us every day,.,2024/11/19,He,put on,a coat.,A coat,was put on,by him.,2.,一般过去时,was/,were+done,He,made,the kite.,The kite,was made,by him.,2024/11/19,3.,一般将来时,shall/will/be going to+be done,They,will plant,trees tomorrow.,Trees,will be planted,by them tomorrow,He,is going to write,a letter to his mother.,A letter,is going to be written,to his mother by him.,2024/11/19,4.,现在完成时,has/have+been done,Jim,has finished,the work.,The work,has been finished,by Jim.,2024/11/19,5.,含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should+be done,I,can find,him.,He,can be found,by me.,2024/11/19,被动语态的用法,1.,不知道动作的执行者是谁。,这块手表是中国制造的。,This watch is made in China.,2.,没有必要指出动作的执行者,每年都应该种更多的树,。,Many trees should be planted every year.,2024/11/19,3.,需要强调或突出动作的承受者。,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。,Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.,4.,句子的主语是动作的承受者,。,许多房屋被冲走了。,Many houses were washed away by the flood.,2024/11/19,主动语态变被动语态的方法,（主语）（宾语）,主动语态：动作的执行者,+,谓语动词的主动形式,+,动作的承受者,被动语态：动作的承受者,+,谓语动词的被动形式,+,动作的执行者,（主语）（宾语）,说明：,（,1,）要将主动句里的宾语变为被动句中的主语，若主动句中的宾语为人称代词，要将宾格变成主格。,（,2,）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由,by,引导。,（,3),谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。,2024/11/19,补充部分,1.,主动结构表被动意义,open,lock,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn,drive,等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物，可以用主动语态表被动意义。,This kind of shirt,sells well,.,2024/11/19,2.,look,sound,taste,smell,等系动词用主动表被动意义。,例：,It smells wonderful.,Mooncakes,taste delicious.,3.,在,be worth doing,中,doing,表被动意义。,例：,This book is worth reading.,2024/11/19,4.want/need/,require+doing,=want/need/,require+to,be done,例：,My bike needs repairing.,=My bike needs to be repaired.,我的自行车需要修理。,2024/11/19,课堂练习,（一）改写句子,1.We plant trees in spring every year.,_ by us in spring every year.,2.She posted the letter yesterday.,_ by her yesterday.,3.,Mr,Turner gave me a birthday present.,_a birthday present by,Mr,Turner.,5.You may hand in your homework tomorrow.,_ by you tomorrow.,6.She is going to write a letter.,_ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,2024/11/19,1.If city noises _ from increasing,，,people _ shout,to be heard even at dinner,A,are not kept,；,will have toB,are not kept,；,have C,do not keep,；,will have to D,do not keep,；,have to 2.The fifth generation computers,_and,perfected now.A.developed B.have developed C.are being developed D.will have been developed3.-_ the sports meet might be put off,-Yes,，,it all depends on the weather,A,Ive been told B,Ive told C,Im told D,I told,A,C,A,2024/11/19,4.I need one more stamp before my collection _.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 5.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed,that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 6.The new bridge _ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed7.When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken,D,C,B,C,2024/11/19,8.Great changes _ in the city,and a lot of factories _.A.have been taken place;have been set up B.have taken place;have been set upC.have taken place;have set up D.were taken place;were set up9.That suit _ over 60 dollars.A.had,costed,B.,costed,C.is,costed,D.cost10.-Look!Everything here is under construction.-Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 11.-Do you like the cloth?-Yes,it _ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt,B,D,A,C,2024/11/19,12.It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13.I have no more letters _，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed14.Take care!Dont drop the ink on your shirt,for it _ easily.A.wont wash out B.wont be washed out C.isnt washed out D.isnt washing out15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because,the lights happened to _.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out,B,C,A,D,2024/11/19,16.The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to17.-What do you think of the book?-Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 19.This page needed _ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 20._ many times,the boy still didnt know how to do it.,A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,2024/11/19,