Unit-the-damned-human-race

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 9,The Damned Human Race,By Mark Twain,Learning,Objectives,Understand,the real purpose,of the author,Reflect on the so-called,“human nature”,Appreciate Mark Twains,writing style,Grammar:,1.know,how to contrast and clarify,2.identify the difference between,object complement,and,posponed attributive,3.be able to use,at,and,but,in various ways,4.be able to use,V.+sb./sth.+out of,and,V.+sb./sth/+of,phrases,W,B,T,R,Warming up,Warm-up Activity,Brainstorming:,1.Whats your translation of the title?,(page 231,exercise 4,question 5),2.At the first sight of the title,what do you think this article is about?,What turns out to be?,(,Through the analysis of various traits and dispositions human beings,as contrasted to the“higher animals”,the author finds that,men have,descended and degenerated,(,thesis statement,),.,),3.What makes Mark Twain choose this topic and write this way?,Warm-up Activity,:,What do you know about Mark Twain?Can you name some books he wrote?,(page 226:question 1,Note 1,Background of the essay,1.Both as a,humorist,and as an,essayist of serious ideas,Mark Twain is an,honest,and thorough,critic,who always brings a fresh perspective to things which are all too often taken for granted.,2.To have a better understanding of this essay,it is perhaps necessary to go back to the,1890s,a period which was dark and gloom for Mark Twain.,(1),The authors personal tragedy,a.,bankruptcy caused by unwise investment,b.,death of his favorite daughter,c.,death of his beloved wife,(who had been his,first reader,and,chief censor,for the 34 years of their married life.With her death,writing for him was essentially over.He became more and more biter and savagely satirical.),(2),social background,cut-throat,competition,sweat shops,robber barons,and labor riots,corruption and unethical business practices,spread of the,jungle law,and racial conflicts and imperialist wars,Background,Background of the essay,血汗工厂,强盗式贵族/资本家,丛林法则/弱肉强食,To Mark Twain,who had always been concerned with the problem of,human conscience,these things revealed the,terrible deficiencies of the human race.,To remedy this deplorable situation,he began to,use his pen as a sharp lance to pierce the boils of human pomposity,(pmpst:vanity,snobbery,pretense).,Background of the essay,Questions:,1.Do you think that he has lost hope for the human race and has,become completely cynical?,2.Whats his purpose of writing this article?,It is wrong to think that he has lost hope for the human race and has become completely cynical,for behind all the bitterness is,a warm and humane heart.,Mark Twain,does not really believe,that human beings are incurably cruel,greedy and wicked.Otherwise he would not have bothered to write those essays.He writes about ugly human traits and dispositions precisely because,he thinks human beings are capable of mending their ways,if they can open their eyes to their own weaknesses and understand the conditions that give rise to them and nurture them.In other words,his policy is,to frighten in order to enlighten.,Purpose,of the essay,Structure of the text,The thesis statement,&the research method,Para 3-9:,Introduction to the scientific experiment and the analysis related to various traits and dispositions of human beings as contrasted to the“higher animals”.,Para 10-17:,Arguing with people who believe in mans superiority.,Part 1(para.1,-2,),Part 2(para.,3,-,17,),Part 4(para.18),Restatement of the thesis:,M,a,n ha,s,descended and degenerated.,Structure of the text,para,3,Mans cruelty,para,4,para,5-8,para,9,para,1-11,para,12,para,13-15,para,16-17,Mans greed,para 5:take revenge,para:6:keep harem,para 7:looseness,para 8:indecency,vulgarity,obscenity,Mans cruelty,Mans inclination for war,Mans enslaving and being enslaved,para 13:the only patriot,para 14:religious animal,para 15:reasoning animal,Mans inability to live together peacefully,immorality,hypocrisy,Role-play,Work in pairs and exchange your views on one of the following questions.,1.How do you feel about Twains view?Do you find them amusing?,Ridiculous?Shocking?Or thought-provoking?,2.Do you agree with Twain that human beings are cruel whereas,tigers,wolves,and anacondas are not?,3.Do you agree with Twain that human beings are avaricious or,greedy while other animals are not?,4.Why cant we identify the nice people,entrust,all the money and power to them and let them,rule the rest of the people forever?,1.,I have been studying the,traits and dispositions,of the,“lower animals”,and contrasting them with the traits and dispositions of man.I,find the result humiliating,to me.(Para.1),Question:,Why is,lower animals,put in quotation mark?,Read the sentence and,pay attention to the tone and diction.,(,Notice,the,tongue-in-cheek way,/amusing tone(,戏谑）,the author expresses his ideas.He makes it sound as if he were conducting and reporting on the result of a scientific investigation.In other words,he is deliberately using a pompous,(夸大的),style to achieve,