6-词类转换法

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Liu Jingjing,Conversion is one of the important techniques and is needed primarily by the differences in syntactic structure and idiomatical way in the two languages.Conversion occurs on many occasions.But the most commonly seen are as follow:,Converting into Verb,s,转译为动词,Converting into Nouns,转译为名词,Converting into Adjectives,转译为形容词,Converting into Adverbs,转译为副词,A.,Nouns Converted into Verbs,（名词,动词）,1.,Nouns derived from verbs,（动词派生的名词）,Converting into Verb,s,e.g.His very,appearance,at any affair proclaims it a triumph.,无论什么事情，只要他一,露面,，就算是成功了。,e.g.An,acquaintance,of world history is helpful to the study of translation.,读,一点世界史，对学习翻译是有帮助的。,e.g.A,look,at his photos reminded me of our school days.,看到,他的照片使我想起了我们的学生时代。,e.g.A,view,of Mt.E-mei can be obtained from here.,从这儿可以,看到,峨嵋山。,3.,Nouns with suffix“er”do not always stand for peoples identity or profession;sometimes they embody a verbal sense instead.These nouns are often converted into verbs during translating,especially when they do not have Chinese equivalents.,（一些加后缀,-er,的名词有时并不指其身份或职业，而是含有较强的动作意味。在汉语中没有对应的名词时，往往译为动词。）,e.g.He is a very good,story-teller,.,他极善于,讲故事,。,e.g.Some of you in your class are good,singers,.,你们班上有些人歌,唱,得很好。,e.g.Shall we have a,rest,?,我们,休息,一下，好吗？,e.g.He made no,mention,of his resignation.,他没,提到,他辞职的事。,e.g.Did you see the boy,in,blue?,你看到那个,穿,蓝衣服的男孩了吗？,e.g.Drug taking is,against,the law.,吸毒是,违,法的。,英语中表示知觉、情感、欲望等心理状态的形容词，在连系动词后做表语时，往往转译成动词。,例如：,able,afraid,angry,anxious,ashamed,aware,careful,cautious,certain,concerned,confident,delighted,doubtful,ignorant,glad,grateful,sorry,sure,thankful,etc.,e.g.The doctors said that they are not,sure,whether they can save his life.,医生说他们不敢,肯定,能否挽救他的生命。,e.g.I have to be,cautious,.,我必须,小心谨慎,才是。,e.g.With only one day,off,in a week,working people barely had enough time to arrange the household.,一周只,休息,一天（一周只有一天休息），上班族几乎没有足够的时间安排家务。,A.,Verbs Converted into Nouns,（动词,名词）,Verbs transformed from nouns,（名词转化的动词）,英语中有许多由名词派生的动词，以及由名词转用的动词，在汉语中往往不易找到相应的动词，这时可将其转译成汉语的名词。,e.g.1.The design,aims,at automatic operation,easy regulation,simple maintenance and high productivity.,设计的,目的,在于自动操作、调节方便、维护简易、生产率高。,2.A well-dressed man,who,looked and talked,like an American,got into the car.,一个衣着讲究的人上了车，他的,言谈举止,酷似美国人。,Converting,into,Nouns,e.g.The invasion of another independent country must be,stopped,.,侵犯另一个独立国家的行为必须,予以制止,。,2.,Passive voice,（英语被动句式常可译为,受到,/,遭到,/,予以,/,加以名词,的形式）,e.g.Crying is considered to be,characteristic,of woman.,人们认为爱哭是女人的,特点,。,Stevenson was,eloquent,and,elegant,but soft.,史蒂文森有,口才,、有,风度,，但很软弱。,*,此外，,the+adj.,往往表示一类人，通常也汉译为名词。,e.g.Do not look down upon,the poor,.,不要看不起,穷人,。,e.g.Nowadays many people in the society are,materially,rich but,spiritually,poor.,当今社会中，有许多人,物质,富有却,精神,空虚。,e.g.Radio waves are similar to light waves except that,their,wavelength is much greater.,无线电波与光波相似，但,无线电波,的波长要长得多。,A.,Nouns Converted into Adjectives(a/an+n.),e.g.,1.Independent thinking is an absolute,necessity,in study.,独立思考对学习是绝对,必需,/,必不可少的,。,2.I can note the,grace,of her gesture.,我可以看到她,优雅的,举止。,B.,Adverbs Converted into Adjectives,e.g.,1.This film impressed him deeply.,这部电影给他留下了深刻的印象。,2.She looked at me,expectantly.,她用,期待的,眼光看着我。,3.Hopefully,it will be done early next month.,下月初完成这项工作是,大有希望的,。,Adjectives Converted into Adverbs:,由于英语中带有动作意味的名词汉译为动词，因而原文修饰名词的形容词也应相应地汉译为副词，以便修饰动词。,e.g.Only when we study their properties can we make,better,use of these materials.,只有研究这些材料的特点才能,更好地,利用它们。,e.g.A helicopter is,free,to go almost anywhere.,直升机几乎可以,自由地,飞到任何地方。,e.g.,1.I have the,honor,to inform you that your request is granted.,我,荣幸地,通知你，你的请求已得到批准。,2.The man nodded with,satisfaction.,那人,满意地,点了点头。,He is,physically,weak but,mentally,sound.,（,adv.n.,）,I have the,honour,to inform you that(n.adv.),He had the,kindness,to show me the way.(n.adv.),I recognized the,absurdity,of dealing with them through intermediaries(,中间人,).(n.adj.),The young scholar worked long hours,on,meager food,in,cold hut,by,dim lamp.(prep.,V.,),他们,怀疑,这是否是真的。,(v.adj.),我打开窗子，让新鲜空气,进来,。,(v.adv.),你拨,错,了电话号码。,(adv.adj.),Exercises:,他体力很弱，可智力很强。,我荣幸地通知你。,他好意地给我指路。,我认识到，通过中间人跟他们打交道是愚蠢的。,年轻的学者吃着简单的饭食，住在寒冷的茅屋，靠着昏暗的灯光，长时间地工作着。,They are doubtful whether it is true or not.,I opened the window to let the fresh air in.,You dialed the wrong number.,Original,Keys:,