英语构词法课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Word Formation,Word Formation,1.Affixation 词缀法,1.1 Prefixation 前缀法,在词前加前缀构成新词的方法。,1.Affixation 词缀法1.1 Prefixati,1),否定前缀,unwise,uncertain,unwilling;unpack,undo,non-essential,non-standard;non-violence,dishonest;discontent;discolor,dishearten,informal,inhuman;injustice,incompetence,impolite,impatient;immature,immoral,illegal,illiterate,illogical,illegible,irregular,irreplaceable;irresponsibility,abnormal,abnormality,1)否定前缀unwise,uncertain,un,2)贬义前缀,mishear,mislead,misreport;,misinterpretation,misrule,malformed,malnourished;malfunction,malnutrition,pseudoscience,pseudo-friend,pseudo-democratic,2)贬义前缀mishear,mislead,misr,pro-democracy,pro-Chinese,counter-strike,counter-example,counter-revolution,anti-social,anti-national,anti-slavery,anti-government,3)表态度的前缀,pro-democracy,pro-Chinesecoun,foreword,forefather,foreknowledge,prewar,pre-prepared;,pre-retirement,preschool,4)表时间和顺序的前缀,postwar;postgraduate,post-election,ex-president,ex-husband,reconsider,readmit,reallocate,foreword,forefather,foreknow,semi-feudal,semi-colonial;semi-annual,uniform,unicorn,uni-directional;,monotone,monorail,bicycle;bilingual,bilateral,tricycle,triangle;trilingual,multi-media;multi-national,5)数字前缀,supernatural;supermarket,superhero,outlive,outweigh,outsmart,semi-feudal,semi-colonial;se,2.Suffixation 后缀法,Suffixation is,the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases,.,后缀法是在词上加后缀进行构词的方法。,2.Suffixation 后缀法 Suffixation,9,1)名词后缀,employer,examiner,interviewer,payer,employee,examinee,interviewee,payee,actress,waitress,hostess,airhostess,applicant,assistant,defendant,capitalist,artist,novelist,artist,pianist,91)名词后缀employer,examiner,in,10,officialdom,kingdom,freedom,terrorism,sexism,racism,friendship,relationship,hardship,realization,starvation,invention,kindness,selfishness,weakness,survival,arrival,approval,movement,resentment,equality,responsibility,possibility,marriage,linkage,shortage,10officialdom,kingdom,freedo,11,2)形容词后缀,faithful,meaningful,animal-like,dreamlike,hopeless,priceless,friendly,weekly,smoky,bloody,economic,poetic,ambitious,marvelous,musical,philosophical,112)形容词后缀faithful,meaningful,12,washable,drinkable,renewable,changeable,respectable,avoidable;,permissible,visible,sensible;,attractive,productive,negative,relative,creative,sensitive,aggressive;,12washable,drinkable,renewab,13,3),动词后缀,133)动词后缀,2.其他的构词法,1.Blending(,拼缀法,),2.Clipping(,截短法,),3.Acronymy(,首字母拼音法,),4.Back-formation(,逆生法,),2.其他的构词法1.Blending(拼缀法),2.1 Blending 拼缀法,Blending is the formation of new words by combining parts of two words or a word plus a part of another word.,拼缀法是将两个词的某一部分合并，或者将一个词加上另外一个词的一个部分而构成新词的方法。,2.1 Blending 拼缀法Blending is t,Point out how the following words are made,.,smog,smo,ke+,fog,(,烟雾,),bookmobile,book,+auto,mobile,(,流动汽车图书馆,),sci-fi,sci,ence+,fi,ction(,科幻小说,),skylab,sky,+,lab,oratory(,太空实验室,),Point out how the following wo,拼缀法的分类,1)head+tail,the first part of word 1+the last part of word 2,breakfast+lunch,brunch(,早午餐,),motor+hotel,motel(,汽车旅馆,),channel+tunnel,chunnel(,海峡隧道,),拼缀法的分类1)head+tail,2)head+head,the first part of word 1+the first part of word 2,situation+comedy,sitcom(,情景喜剧,),communications+satellite,comsat(,通讯卫星,),psychological+warfare,psywar(,心理战,),2)head+head,2.2 Clipping 截短法,Clipping is the formation of new words by cutting a part off the original and using what remains instead.,截短法是截取原词的某一部分的构词法。,2.2 Clipping 截短法Clipping is t,Front clipping,截除首部,quake (earthquake),copter(helicopter),bus(omnibus),phone(telephone),Front clipping 截除首部 quake,Back clipping,截除尾部,ad(advertisement),prof(professor),dorm(dormitory),lab(laboratory),telly(television),Back clipping 截除尾部 ad(advert,Front and back clipping 截除首尾,flu(influenza),tec(detective),fridge(refrigerator),jams(pajamas),Front and back clipping 截除首尾f,2.3 Initialisms,首字母缩略词,首字母缩略词由首字母构成,按字母发音,。,EU European Union,GPS Global Positional System,IOC International Olympic Committee,ID cardidentity card,CIA Central Intelligence Agency,IELTS International English Language,Testing System,2.3 Initialisms 首字母缩略词首字母缩略词由首,Task,IQ,EQ,MBA,MPA,WHO,WTO,WB,Intelligent Quotient,Emotional Quotient,Master of Business Administration,Master of Public Administration,World Health Organization,World Trade Organization,World Bank,TaskIntelligent QuotientEmotio,2.4 Acronymy 首字母拼音法,由首字母构成,但,作为一个普通词来发音,。,NATOthe North Atlantic Treaty,Organization,radarradio detecting and ranging,AIDS-acquired immune deficiency syndrome,SARS-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,2.4 Acronymy 首字母拼音法由首字母构成,但作,Task,PIN,VAT,CALL,TOEFL,UNESCO-,personal identification number,value added tax,Computer Assisted Language,Learning,Test of English as a Foreign,Language,United Nation Educational,Scientific&Cultural Organization,TaskPINpersonal identificatio,2.5 back-formation 逆生法,Back-formation is considered to be the opposit