现在完成时态讲解用

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,现在完成时态,present perfect,现在完成时,1.,过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和,already,，,never,ever,just,before,yet,等状语连用。,2.,过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，,常与,for,或,since,引起的一段时间状语连用。,have breakfast,I have just had my breakfast.,(,现在我不饿,),Im not hungry now,moved here,in 2004,I still live here,I have lived here,for,three years.,I have lived here,since,2004/three years ago.,now,past,现在完成时标志词总结,already,（已经）肯定句中,yet(,已经,),否定，疑问句末,just,（刚刚）肯定句中，位置多在,have,、,has,和过去分词之间,ever,（曾经）任何句式,never,（从不）位置：句中,before,（以前）位置：句末,up to now,so far,for the last few weeks,these days,等等。,for+,一段时间,since+,时间点或句子（一般过去时），,ever since.,自从。,现在完成时句型结构：,I,have,finished,my homework.,肯定式：,(,动词,变化规则,),否定式：,疑问式,：,一般：回答：,特殊：,动词过去分词的变化规则,1.talk-talk,ed,2.like-like,d,3.study-stud,ied,4.stop-stop,ped,总结：,特殊变化详见后表,have(has)been to,和,have(has)gone to,have(has)been:,表示曾经到过某地，,人现在不在某地。,have(has)gone,：,表示已经去过某地了，,人现在在去某地的路上或已经在某地了。,练：,She has been to Shanghai.,She has gone to Shanghai.,She has been in,Shanghai for two weeks,.,Have(has)been in:,已经在某地待了多久,短暂性动词与时间段的关系,短暂性（非延续性动词）动词,在肯定句、疑问句中,不能与时间段连用,，但是如果我们仍要表达对应意思呢？,延续性动词,短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化,leave-be away(from)join-be in/be a(an),come/go-be in/at start/begin-be on,get(to)-be in/at close-be closed,reach-be in/at open-be open,buy-have return-be back,borrow-keep marry-be married,finish-be over become-be,但在,否定句,中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。,如：,I havent bought anything for a year.,我一年之内都没有买任何东西。,She hasnt come here for an hour.,她到这里还没有一个小时。,翻译练习,1.我买这块手表已经五年了。,2.这位老人已经去世十年了。,3.他已经回来三天了。,4.自从六点钟他就来这了。,5.我离开家乡已经三年了。,2.,区分,短暂性动词,与,持续性动词,.,表示短暂性,(,瞬间性,),的动词在现在完成时的句中,不能,和,一段时间,连用,.,短暂性的动词如：,come,，,go,，,join,，,leave,，,buy,等，在完成时态中不能与,for,since,短语或,How long,等引起的时间状语连用。,I have,bought,this pen for two months.,I have,had,this pen,for two months,.,How long have you _ this pen.,had,The teacher has,left,.,The teacher has,been away,for half an hour,.,(be away),改错,How long have you become a league member,？,For more than one year.,Have you arrived here since last night?,Yes,，,youre right.,He has gone to Shanghai twice.,How long have been at this school?,Since two years.,been,been,been,ago,For,改写句子,Homework,：,改写句子,1.My father came back from the bookshop just now.,My father _,just,_ _ the book shop.,2.He began to learn Chinese in 2001.,He _ _ Chinese,since 2001,.,3.The film began two minutes ago.,The film _ _ _,since two minutes ago,.,4.He has had the motorbike for two years.,Its two years _he _ the motorbike.,He _ the motorbike two years _.,Two years _ _,since,he _ the motor bike,has,returned,from,has,learned,has been on,since,bought,bought,ago,has passed,bought,与一般过去时的比较,一、都是说过去的事儿，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切关系（如，现在的结果，影响，延续到现在。）而一般过去时只讲述发生在过去的动作，和现在没有关系。,I,have bought,a dictionary.,I,bought,a dictionary.,Thank you,Bye-bye!,