ParallelConcurrentProgrammingontheSGIAltixparallelconcurrent编程在SGIAltix

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Parallel/Concurrent Programming on the SGI Altix,Conley Read,January 25,2007,UC Riverside,Department of Computer Science,Overview,The SGI Altix,Itanium 2 Features,Tools,Schedutils,MPI Programming,Star-P,References,Try It,About the SGIs,32 processor,Intel Itanium,1.5 GHz,128 GB(70 GB)RAM,4 processor(2 sockets X 2 cores),Intel Xeon,3 GHz,8 GB RAM,2 Virtex 4 LX200 FPGAs,200,000 Logic Cells,80 MB SRAM,SGI Altix 3000,Runs one copy of Fedora or OpenSUSE Linux,Ported to SGI Hardware(Lessons from IRIX),Linux natively supports management of 32 processors,1 copy of Linux vs.1 copy of Linux per node,Node sizes 32,64,128?,Programming for the 32 processor SGI is similar to programming for a 4 way SMP,Global Shared Memory,Single Memory space,All system resources,Processors,I/O,SGI Altix 3000 uses NUMAflex(interconnect)to connect Itaniums with NUMAlink(ASIC),Creates SMP-like system,Regardless of the node location of thread execution,Interprocess communication time is reduced,The Itanium 2,First Supercomputer using Itanium(1),IBM Titan NOW Cluster at NCSA,Unique Features,16 Byte Atomic Operations,IA-64,Fixed Length Instructions,Relies on Compile-time Optimizations,Branch Speculative Execution,Speculatively fetches data not in Cache,Virtualization(Intel Vanderpool Technology or VT),Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing(EPIC),Tools,GNU C Compiler Installed,Intel C Compiler(icc)Waiting for License,Intel Debugger(idb),GNU gdb Debugger Installed,Some problems with code generated by icc,Etnus TotalView Better Debugger,Intel Vtune Available for purchase,sTrace System Call Tracer,SGI Star-P Currently being installed,ICC,Intel C Compiler(icc),OpenMP Simpler conversion from serial to parallel execution,Auto-parallelization Safe-loop parallelization,Fortran 95,Optimizations for IA-64 Architecture,Itanium 2 uses IA-64,Schedutils,Change Process Scheduling Attributes,chrt options pid|command,-p:Edit existing PID,-rr:Round Robin,-fifo:SCHED_FIFO,-other:SCHED_OTHER,Schedutils,Change Process CPU Affinity,taskset options mask pid|command,-p:Edit existing PID,Mask,0 x00000001:Processor#00001,0 x00000002:Processor#20010,0 x00000003:Processor#0 and#10011,0 xFFFFFFFFF:All Processors1111,Parallel Programming Building Blocks,SGI Altix supports common MPI libraries,Pthreads not exactly threads,SGI Message Passing Interface,Intel MPI Library,Voltaire MPI Installed,Scali MPI,MPI Programming,Create a new thread,fork()vs.pthreads_create(),Hardware vs.POSIX,Bind a thread to a processor,pthread_processor_bind_np(),If you do not bind the pthread or modify the forked thread,the new thread will inherit the scheduling properties of the creating thread.,Star-P,The power of Supercomputers,MATLAB to SGI Altix over Network,Offloads computation tasks,Runtime call intercept,Perform day long computations in minutes,Without the Hassle,No reprogramming in C MPI,How to Login,SGI Altix at UCR,Use secure SSH protocol to connect,CS Username,CS Password,SGI RASC Altix at UCR,Use secure SSH protocol to connect,CS Username,CS Password,Try it,cat/proc/cpuinfo,cat/proc/meminfo,free,vmstat,uname-a,Questions?,References,:/rlove.org/schedutils/,Thank you!,