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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,0,Results,Results,1,Resu,l,ts,Adapted from,Cargill,(2017),ResultsAdapted from Cargill,2,The,question(s),/,problem,(s),posed,in,Introduction,The,consequent,data,In,Relation,to,the,Introduction,The question(s)/problem(s,3,The,way,it,was,done,The,consequent,data,In,Relation,to,the,Materials,&,Methods,Section,The way it was doneThe con,4,Why,is,the,Results,section,often,referred,to,as,the,“core”,of,the,paper?,Is,it,possible,to,re-state,the,specific,research,problem,or,the,aim,of,the,current,project,in the,Results,section?,Is,it,possible,to,compare,your,own,results,with,those,of,other,researchers?,How,do,you,know,which,results,to,describe,in,detail?,Why,not,describe,all,of,them,in,detail?,Can,you,talk,about,limitations,of,the,research,in the,Results?,Questions,to,ponder,Why is the Results section oft,5,Present,your,results,in,logical sequence,giving,the,main,and,most,important,findings,first.,ICMJE,Present your results in logi,6,Do,not,repeat,all,the,data,in,the,tables,or,figures,in,the,text,Provide,data,on,all,primary,and,secondary,outcomes,identified,in,the,Methods,Section,Give,numeric,results,not,only,as,derivatives,(e.g.,percentage),but,also,as the,absolute,numbers,from,which,the derivatives,were,calculated,and specify,the,statistical,significance,attached,to,them,if,any.,Restrict,tables,and,figures,to,those,needed,to,explain the,argument,of,the,paper,Use,graphs,as,an,alternative,to,tables,Do,not,duplicate,data,in,graphs,and,tables,Avoid,nontechnical,uses,of,technical,terms,in,statistics,such,as,“random”,or,“significant”,Separate,reporting,of,data,by,demographic,variables,such,as,age,and,sex,facilitate,pooling,of,data,for,subgroups,across,studies,and,should,be,routine,ICMJE,Do not repeat all the dat,7,Use,an,introductory,statement,to,summarize,the,observations,or,orients,the,reader,to,the,text,to,follow,Use,subheadings,to,orient,the,reader,Move,in,Writing,Results,Section,Use an introductory statemen,8,Step1,:,A,metatextual,expression,referring,to,later,text,or,a,visual,element,E.g.,Mean,blood,pressures for,the,two,groups,are,shown,in,fig.1.,Step,2,:,A,statement,of,the,results,E.g.The,treatment,group,had,lower,mean,arterial,pressure,than,the,control,group.,Step,3,:,A,substantiation,or,reiteration,of,the,results,E.g.,At,3,months,MAP,in,the treatment,group,was,103,mmHg,lower,than,in,the,control,group,(p0.01).”,Moves,in,Writing,Results,Section,Step1:A metatextual express,9,Results,in,different,types,of,research,Clinical,trials:,Characteristics,of,recruited,subjects,Observations,Establishing,associations,between,outcomes,Basic,medical,research,Describing,from,phenomenon,to,mechanism,Results in different types of,10,Tables,are,most,useful,for,Recording,data,(raw,or,processed,data);,Explaining,calculations,or,showing,components,of,calculated,data;,Showing,the,actual,data,values,and,their,precision;,and,allowing,multiple,comparisons,between,elements in,many,directions.,Figures,are,most,useful,for,Showing,an,overall,trend,or,“picture”;,Comprehension,of,the,story,through,“shape”,rather,than,the,actual,numbers,Allowing,simple,comparisons,between,only,a,few,elements.,Figure,table,or,text?,Tables are most useful forFigu,11,The,choice,be,tween,table,a,TABLE,nd,figure,FIGURE,Working,with,Number,Shape,Concentrating,on,Individual,data,Overall,pattern,Accurate,or,precise,actual,values,More,important,Less,important,Working withNumberShapeConcent,12,Figure,table,or,text?,Figure,table or text?,13,Figure,table,or,text?,Figure,table or text?,14,How,to,design,effective,tables?,“How,do,I,arrange,the,data?”,How to design effective tables,15,Attempts,to,dress,up,scientific,data,are usually,doomed,to,failure.,When,to,use,graphs?,Each,graph,should,be as,simple,as,possible.,How,to,prepare,effective,figures/graphs?,Attempts to dress up scientifi,16,Explain,what,the,data,being,presented,are,Highlight,key,points,of,the,part,of,the,results,story,being,presented,in the,table/figure,This,makes,reviewers,job,easier,Improves,readability,of articles,for,all,readers,Check,examples,from,papers,similar,to yours,in,your,target,journal,for,ideas,about,how,to,write,titles,and,legends,Table,titles,and,figure,legends,Explain what the data being pr,17,A,title,that,summarizes,what,the,figure,is,about,Details,of,results,or,models,shown,in the,figure,Additional,explanation,of,the,components,of,the,figure,methods,used,or,essential,details,of,the,figures,contribution,to,the,results,story,Description,of,the,units,or,statistical,notion,included,Explanation of,any,other,symbols,or,notation,used,Figure,legends,A title that summarizes what t,18,All,tables,and,figures,should,be,presented,sequentially,and,referred,to,in,that,order,in,the,text,The,first,table,you,refer,to,in,the,text,will be,labelled,as,Table,1,All,tables and,figures,must,be,referred,to,(mentioned,discussed),in,the,text,Reference,to,tables,and,figures,in,the,text,All tables and figures should,19,Examine,data,display,Examine,the selected,paper,for,the,types of,
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