目前威胁发生时刺激连结反应的行为课件

,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,The nature of stress,Stress:,Stimulus?/response?,目前：威脅發生時刺激連結反應的行為,(,McEwen,2000),guedance:,The nature of stressStress:目前：,1,The feature of stress,The feature of stress,2,sources of stress,frustration,performance anxiety involves concerns we have over how others will evaluate us as we publicize how well we can actually do something.,threat,traumatic events,severely aversive events are experienced as more than stress and in fact cause physical and emotional trauma,.,sources of stressfrustrationp,3,3,.conflict,environment/within the self.Conflict can come in the form of disagreements with acquaintances,or even outright arguments with significant others.,*,approach-approach conflict,*,avoidance-avoidance conflict,*,approach-avoidance conflict,4.,change,life change,5.,Pressure-,3.conflict environment/within,4,The types of stress,(1),acute stress,(2),chronic stress,The types of stress(1)acute st,5,The response of stress,Emotional response,Physiological response,Behavioral response,The response of stressEmotiona,6,The emotional response of stress,Angry-aggression:,Sad-depression,：,fear-anxiety:,Guilt、shame、admire、jealousy、hate(Richard Lazarus,1991,1993),Positive emotion:,The emotional response of stre,7,emotional arousal,Inverted-U hypothesis,The level of task difficult,容易 中等 困難,表現程度,激起程度,emotional arousalInverted-U hy,8,Physiological response,General adaptation syndrome:,Alarm stage,Resistance stage,Exhaust stage,Physiological responseGeneral,9,Behavioral response,Coping behaviors:,Adaptational outcome,表現退步,認知功能受損,Burn out,posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD,生理/心理問題疾病,Behavioral responseCoping beh,10,Positive effect,Positive psychology view,滿足人類追求刺激與挑戰的需求。,促進自我成長與提升適應技巧。,增加對壓力的抵抗免疫力。,Positive effectPositive psycho,11,The factors of anti-stress,Social support,:refers to various types of aid and succor provided by members of ones social networks.,Hardiness,:is a syndrome marked by commitment,challenge,and control that is purportedly associated with strong stress resistance.,Optimism,:as a general tendency to expect good outcomes.,conscientiousness,:consists of the tendency to be diligent,punctual,and dependable.,The factors of anti-stressSoci,12,The skills of coping,Copy style,Ex.active coping,planning,acceptance,behavioral disengagement,mental disengagement,(Journal of personality and social,psychology,1989,56(2),267-283.),The skills of copingCopy style,13,Cognitive solutions,Brooding,Daydreaming,Forgetting,Cognitive rehearsal,Acceptance and perseverance,Prayer,Positive reappraisal,Raising self-efficacy,Cognitive solutionsBrooding,14,Elliss:challenging irrational beliefs,A(activating event),B(belief system),C(consequence),D(disputation),E(evaluation),目前威胁发生时刺激连结反应的行为课件,15,Problem-solving solutions,系統化解決問題,澄清問題,尋求各種行動方案(,brain storming),評估各方案並擇一,採取行動但保有彈性,Problem-solving solutions系統化解決,16,Problem-solving solutions,Define the problem.,Separate out sub-problems.,Describe how you feel as a result of the problem.,List possible causes of the problem.,Generate a list of possible solutions.,List the advantages and disadvantages of each potential solution.,Select a solution that appears to present the fewest negatives and the most positives.,create a plan of action and follow through.,Problem-solving solutionsDefin,17,有效運用時間,時,間管理技巧,監控自己的時間應用,澄清目標,用時間表來安排活動,保護自己的黃金時段,提高效率,有效運用時間時間管理技巧,18,emotional solutions,EQ(emotional intelligence),釋放情緒,轉移注意,管理敵意,運用放鬆技巧(,Herbert Benson),emotional solutionsEQ(emotiona,19,Environmental solutions,Limit the number of stressors,Withdraw physically,Take vocations,Pursue distractions,:ex.movies.video games.reading.hobbies.,Take advantage of time management,:if your life is poorly structured or disorganized.,Environmental solutionsLimit t,20,Psychodynamic solutions,Defense mechanisms,Denial,Projection,Displacement,Regression,Suppression,Rationalization,Intellectualization,Sublimation,humor,Psychodynamic solutionsDefense,21,Others solutions,Biofeedback,Transcendental meditation,Relaxation response,Focusing,Others solutionsBiofeedback,22,Constructive coping attitude,能直接面對問題，是工作和行動取向的。,基於合理且現實地評估壓力與因應資源。,學習面壓力及管理壓力所造成的情緒反應。,能控制自己習慣性的不良行為，學習對行為的自我控制。,Constructive coping attitude能直,23,The bad coping style,Give up,Aggression,Indulge,Blame myself,The bad coping style Give up,24,