国际货物运输

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Chapter 4 Transport,Shipping line,Freight forwarder,Select a shipping,line,booking shipping space,配舱回单S/O=stowage order,海关,S/N，C/F,Find out freight,rate,C/F盖章放行,Packing-C/N,装船,M/R,M/R换B/L,General procedures of liners,Shipping clause includes the following points:,1.The form of transportation,2.The time of shipment,3.The place of delivery,4.Partial shipment or transhipment,5.Demurrage/despatch,6.Shipping advice,7.Shipping documents,Basic clause,According to the forms of,transportation,Sample of a sales contract,Seller:China National Textiles I/E Corp.Shanghai Branch,27 Zhongshan Road,E.1 Shanghai China,Buyer:Overseas Trading Company,123 Canal Street,Singapore,This contract is made by and between the buyers and the sellers;whereby the buyers,agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods subject to the terms,and conditions as stipulated hereinafter:,Name of the commodity:Green Peony Dyed Poplin,Quality and specification:by the buyers sample,item 64040,Quantity:10000yards,Packing:100yards to a bale,10bales to a container,Unit price:US$5 per yard,FOB Shanghai,total price:US$5 0000,Terms of shipment:,1)to be shipped before the end of May,2007,from Shanghai to Singpore,2)transhipment&partial shipment permitted,3)the carrying vessel to be arranged by the seller,4)the seller should fax to the buyer the shipping advice including the name of the commodity,quantity,the carrying vessel and the date of delivery.,FORMS OF TRANSPORTATION,Liner,tramp,OCEAN TRANSPORT,OTHER FORMS,其他运输方式,铁路运输,航空运输,内河运输,公路运输,邮包运输,集装箱运输,国际多式联运,班轮运输(regular shipping liner，简称liner),也叫定期船运输它是在一定航线上，有一定的停靠港口，定期开航的船舶运输。,“四固定一负责：,(1)船舶行驶的航线是固定的。,(2)停靠的港口是固定的。,(3)船舶按船期表航行，船舶开航和到港时间较为固定。,(4)船公司按预先公布的班轮运价表收取运费，运费率相对固定。,(5)货物装卸由承运人负责，运费内已包括装卸费用，承运人和托运人双方不计算滞期费和速遣费。,船货双方的权利、义务、责任、豁免，以船方签发的提单条款为依据。,特点,(2)班轮运费,根本运费,附加运费,港口拥挤附加费port congestion surcharge,港口附加费port surcharge,直航附加费direct additional,转船附加费 transhipment surcharge,超长附加费long length additional,超重附加费heavy lift additional,货币贬值附加费currency adjustment factor,CAF,件数,OPEN,班轮运费计算公式,F=Fb(1+S)Q,运费总额,根本运费,附加费之和,货物数量,根据不同商品的计算标准而定,F,Fb,S,Q,第一步,根据货物英文名称查询,货物等级表,第二步,查中国欧洲地中海航线等级费率表,或海洋运价表,第四步,查附加费率表一般是散装货物,计算运费。,第三步,班轮运输货物运费计算方法,货物等级表,编号,货名,COMMODITIES,级别,CLASS,计费标准,BASIS,1.,麻,纸,塑料包装袋,BAGS GUNNY.PAPER.POLYPROPYLENE,5,M,2.,竹制品,BAMAOO PRODUCTS,8,M,3.,推车,BARROW,8,W/M,4.,各种豆,BEANS.ALL KINDS,5,W/M,5.,自行车及零件,BICYCLES&PARTS,9,W/M,货物等级表,中国欧洲地中海航线等级费率表其形式节录如下：,SCALE OF CLASS RATES FOR CHINACANADA SERVICE (IN HKD),CLASS,VANCOUVER,HALIFAX ST.JOHN,MONTREAL,QUEBEC,TORONTO,HAMILTON,1,150.00,177.00,193.00,2,159.00,185.00,202.00,3,167.00,193.00,211.00,4,175.00,201.00,220.00,5,183.00,215.00,235.00,6,194.00,231.00,252.00,海洋运价表,编,号,目的港,PORT OF DESTINATION,运费等级,CLASS,包箱费率,1,FCL20(USD),包箱费率,2,FCL40(USD),地,区,AREA,1.,VANCOUVER.B.C.,1-7,2100,2880,CANADA,2.,VANCOUVER.B.C.,8-13,2200,3030,CANADA,3.,VANCOUVER.B.C.,14-20,2300,3180,CANADA,4.,MONTREAL,1-7,3100,4300,CANADA,5.,MONTREAL,8-13,3150,4350,CANADA,6.,MONTREAL,14-20,3200,4400,CANADA,7.,TORONTO,1-7,3100,4300,CANADA,8.,TORONTO,8-13,3150,4350,CANADA,9.,TORONTO,14-20,3200,4400,CANADA,班轮运价表(liners freight tariff),1993年4月我国某出口公司同伊拉克签定销售合同一份，价格为CFR巴士拉。由于合同中既未规定“港口拥挤费由买方承担的条款，报价时又未把拥挤费因素考虑在内，结果交货时，巴士拉港口空前拥挤，船舶侯泊时间长达65天，港口拥挤费增加至根本运费的300%，致使运费在货价中所占比重高达96%。这一笔交易，使我国某公司损失人民币50多万元。试问从中可以吸取什么教训？,案例,租船运输charter,定程租船voyage charter,trip charter,定期租船time charter,光船租船demise charter,(2)租船合同charter party,装卸费用的规定方法有：,船方负担装费和卸费gross terms;liner terms;berth terms。,船方管装不管卸free out F.O.,船方管卸不管装free in F.I.,船方不管装和卸free in and out,F.I.O.。,船方不管装卸、理舱和平舱free in and out stowed and trimmedF.I.O.S.T.。,(3)滞期费和速遣费 demurrage&dispatch money,某年我国某进出口公司从斯里兰卡进口橡胶一万公吨，采用FOB价格条件买卖合同中规定每天装货 1250 公吨，而租船合同却规定每天装货 1500 公吨。二合同均规定滞期费为 USD3000.00/天，速遣费减半。可是实际装货时却是每天装 1400 公吨。试问本案例中是否有滞期费或速遣费发生？如果有，各为多少，由谁支付？从中我们应吸取什么教训？。,案例,(二)其他运输方式,铁路运输,航空运输,内河运输,公路运输,邮包运输,集装箱运输,国际多式联运,二,装运时间time of shipment,一装运时间的规定方法,二规定装运时间应注意的问题,三,装运地和目的地,(place of shipment&destination),四,分批装运(partial shipment)和,转运(transhipment),案例,深圳机械进出口公司销售阿根廷一批农具，采用 CIF 价格，中方安排运输经查，深圳至南美的班轮每月只有一个航班，离港时间是每月 30 日。中方货源要在 4 月初才能备齐，于是合同中将装运条款订为 装船在或或之上在四月 15 日四月 15 日之前，试问此种订法是否妥当？为什么？,五,海运提单 bill of lading,B/L,海运提单简称提单，是船长或船公司或其代理人签发的，证明已收到特定货物，允许将货物运至特定目的地，并交付给收货人的物权凭证。通过班轮运输的海运提单的性质和作用可概括为以下三个方面：,Receipt for the goods提单是承运人或其代理人签发的货物收据,Documents of title提单是一种货物所有权的凭证,Evidence of contract of carriage提单是托运人和轮船公司间所订运输契约的证明,海运提单的种类,根据货物是否装船：,已装船提单on board B/L,shipped B/L,备运提单received for shipment B/L,根据提单是否有不良批注：,清洁提单clean B/L,不清洁提单unclean B/L,根据提单是否可以流通：,记名提单straight B/L,不记名提单bearer B/L,指示提单order B/L,根据运输方式：,直运提单direct B/L,转船提单 transhipment B/L,联运提单through B/L,根据提单内容的繁简可分为：,全式提单long form B/L),略式提单short form B/L。,根据提单使用的有效性可分为,正本提单original B/L,副本提单copy B/L,其它种类的提单：,倒签提单antedated B/L,预借提单advanced B/L。,过期提单(stale B/L。,六、合同中的装运条款,练习,我国出口海湾国家某货物 50 箱，每箱体积为 41 33.5 29CM，每箱毛重为 44.5kg经查船公司的货物分级表，该货物运费计算标准为W/M，等级为 10 级，又查 中国海湾地区等级费率表，10 级运