初中英语语法被动语态课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/4/11,#,被动语态,被动语态,1,She eats an ice-cream.,An ice-cream is eaten by her.,She eats an ice-cream.An ice-c,2,语态,一、定义,语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。,二、分类,主动语态,被动语态,Many students study English.,English is studied by many students.,动作的执行者,动作的承受者,语态二、分类主动语态被动语态Many students,3,by many students.,Many students study English.,English,is studied,1.,一般现在时,am/is/are+,过去分词,被动语态的结构,2.,一般过去时,was/were+,过去分词,They bought a computer last term,by them last term.,A computer,was bought,do/does,did,by many students.Many students,4,will be/be going to be+,过去分词,1.They will finish the work in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom is going to clean the room tomorrow.,The room,is going to be cleaned,by Tom tomorrow.,3.,一般将来时,will be/be going to be+过去分词1.,5,am/is/are+being,过去分词,Some workers are painting the rooms now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,4.,现在进行时,was/were+being,过去分词,5.,过去进行时,He was watching TV at that time yesterday,by him at that time yesterday,TV,was being watched,am/is/are+being 过去分词Som,6,am/is/are+being,过去分词,was/were+being,过去分词,“be being done”,中的动词,be,应随主语作相应的变化,.,如：,The students are cleaning the classroom now.,The classroom now.,be+being,过去分词,is being cleaned,am/is/are+being 过去分词was,7,have/has,been,过去分词,We have made a key,by us.,A key,has been made,We had finished our compositions.,Our compositions,had been finished,by us.,6.,现在完成时,7.,过去完成时,had,been,过去分词,have/has been 过去分词We have,8,would,be,过去分词,The School would hold a sports meeting next Thursday.,by the school next Thursday.,A sports meeting,would be held,8.,过去将来时,含有情态动词的被动语态结构：,情态动词,+be+,过去分词,You should drink more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,would be 过去分词The School woul,9,时 态,主动语态,被动语态,1,一般现在时,do/does,am,/,is,/,are,+,过去分词,2,一般过去时,did,was,/,were,+,过去分词,3,一般将来时,will/be going to+,动词原形,will/be going to+,be,+,过去分词,4,过去将来时,would+,动词原形,would+,be,+,过去分词,5,现在进行时,am/is/are+,现在分词,am/is/are+,being,+,过去分词,6,过去进行时,was/were+,现在分词,was/were+,being,+,过去分词,7,现在完成时,have/has+,过去分词,have/has+,been,+,过去分词,8,过去完成时,had+,过去分词,had+,been,+,过去分词,9,含情态动词,情态动词,+,动词原形,情态动词,+,be,+,过去分词,主动和被动语态谓语结构对照表,时 态主动语态被动语态1一般现在时do/doesam/is,10,1.Lucy does the homework in the evening.,2.They built the tall building last year.,3.We will hold a sports meeting next week.,4.The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.,Exercise,将句子改成被动语态,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,The tall building was built by them last year.,A sports meeting will be held by us next week.,A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,1.Lucy does the homework in th,11,5.They were building the bridge at this time last year.,6.Lucy may draw the pictures.,7.I have given you the new book.,8.He is drawing a picture.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The new book has been given to you.,The bridge was being built by them at this time last year.,A picture is being drawn by him.,5.They were building the bridg,12,Such books are written for children.,（,1,）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。,Many houses were washed away in the flood.,（,2,）强调动作的承受者，这时应用,by,短语。,The cup was broken by David.,（,3,）动作的发出者不是人。,被动语态的用法,Such books are written for chi,13,被动语态的几种类型,1.,把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、”进行。,即：,变把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态,的主语改为被动语态的介词,by,的宾语。,套根据原句的时态套用相应时态。,注意注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。,例：,He washed his shoes yesterday.,were washed,一变,二套,三注意,His shoes,by him yesterday.,被动语态的几种类型 1.把主动语态改为被动语态可按“,14,2.,带双宾语句子的被动语态,.,（指物的宾语叫直接宾语，指人的宾语叫间接宾语）,如：,1.He gave me a book.,I was given a book by him.,A book was given to me by Tom.,give me a book,间,直,=give a book to me,直,间,2.I bought him a book.,A book was bought for him by me.,He was bought a book by me.,2.带双宾语句子的被动语态.如：1.He gave me a,15,常见的双宾语动词：,give,offer,pass,show,lend,send,bring,return,tell,等用介词,to;,buy,make(,制作,),mend,cook,sing,get,等用,for.,常见的双宾语动词：,16,They take good care of my child.,I turned off the radio.,3.,含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,-The radio was turned off(by me).,-My child is taken good care of by them.,有哪些这样的短语？,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词,如：,listen to,look after,pay attention to,make use of.,They take good care of my c,17,即,hear,watch,see,make,let,这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不加,to,，但变被动句时必须加,to.,1.I saw him play basketball last Sunday.,He,was seen,to play basketball last Sunday.,2.The boss makes him work for 10 hours.,He,is made,to work for 10 hours.,4.,感官动词和使役动词的被动语态,即hear,watch,see,make,l,18,使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表,主动语态,被动语态,使役动词,make sb,do,sth,sb be made,to do,sth,have sb,do,sth,sb be had,to do,sth,let sb,do,sth,sb be let,to do,sth,感观动词,see sb,do,sth,sb be seen,to do,sth,watch sb,do,sth,sb be watched,to do,sth,hear sb,do,sth,sb be heard,to do,sth,notice sb,do,sth,sb be noticed,to do,sth,使役动词和感观动词主被动语态对照表主动语态被动语态使役动词m,19,5.,主动结构表被动意义,(1)write,read,sell,keep,prove,wash,wear,等,尤其是有副词,well,easily,。,如：,The book sells well.,(2),感官动词,(taste,feel,smell,sound,look),。,如：,The ice-cream tastes nice.,(3),在,be worth doing,中,doing,表被动意义。,如：,The book is worth reading.,5.主动结构表被动意义(1)write,read,sell,20,无被动语态的动词：,不及物动词或短语无被动语态，常见的有：,happen,take place,，,belong to,last,（持续）,b