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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/7/2009,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,六西格玛管理节选,目 录,一、绘制消费流程图,Map the process,二、关注函数,Focus on functions,一、绘制消费流程图,The first key six sigma tool is process mapping,used during the Define and measure phases.The purpose is to develop an accurate,comprehensive picture of the entire process.Process mapping is an integrally important tool that helps you understand every aspect of every input and output.It helps you document the process so that you can understand it more thoroughly,maintain control over what you change,and reduce variations as they arise over time.,六西格玛方法中第一个主要的工具就是定义和丈量阶段所运用的消费流程图，目的是构成一个有关整个消费过程的准确而全面的图像景象。消费流程图是一个不可或缺的重要工具，它有助于他了解每个投入与产出的不同方面，有助于他记录消费过程，这样他就可以对它有全面的了解，维持和控制他所作出的改动，出现差别时也能降低差别。,The procedure for mapping a process is very simple but extensive:list all the inputs and the outputs-all the steps,all the cycle times,and so on.,绘制消费流程图这一步骤是非常简单但是要非常详尽：列出一切的投入和产出，一切步骤、一切周期时间等等。,Emphasize disciplined thinking:The XY matrix works to the extent that team members focus on each of the variables and on the relationship among them.,XY矩阵式一个可以标识方向的工具，它显示了哪些变量是他以为最重要的，这样他就可以对其进展丈量从而验证或者推翻他的猜测。,列出每一个消费步骤、每一个投入物和产出物：咨询消费一线人员，将消费过程分解为一个个要点运营活动、决策点、延误、物料挪动、传送、循环以及控制或监控。,By breaking down the process into steps,the flowchart makes it easier to analyze.,Install new filter,3000miles since last oil change?,可以利用的规范的工具就是流程图，这是显示运营活动、决策点、延误、物料挪动、传送、循环以及控制或者监视情况的图表。,质量函数运用了一系列这种质量屋。,The first key six sigma tool is process mapping,used during the Define and measure phases.,List and classify each step in this context-digging deeper and deeper to ensure that you have documented every factor affecting each step in the process.,A simple process map(or flowchart)showing the process for changing oil in a car,As you start mapping processes,identify the value-added and the non-value-added factors inside the steps.List and classify each step in this context-digging deeper and deeper to ensure that you have documented every factor affecting each step in the process.,在他开场绘制消费流程图时，找出每个步骤中增值与非增值的要素。按照这种方式列出每一个消费步骤并逐渐深化的对其分类，确保他曾经记录了的消费过程中影响每一个步骤的每一个要素。,Once you know all the inputs and factors,you can then designate them as external or internal and determine whether their effect is good or bad.You can then layer on operating specifications and ask about the targeted specs for the particular process.,在他知道了一切的投入和一切的要素之后，他就可以将其分为外部和内部要素，确定他们的影响是正面的还是负面的。接下来就可以对操作的规格程度进展分层处置，讯问特定消费过程的目的规格程度是多少。,Finally,they multiply the ratings to identify the input factors that most affect the outcomes that matter most to your customers.,这个矩阵也称为CTQ矩阵，让他和他的团队成员可以学习、了解消费过程的投入变量与顾客要求的产出之间的关系。,A variation of this XY matrix is the House of Quality,which adds a triangle to the top of the matrix,for correlating every input with every other input.,The first key six sigma tool is process mapping,used during the Define and measure phases.,它有助于团队成员了解处理瓶颈、资金，或者其他资料问题能够带来的时机和收益。,XY矩阵的一个变种就是质量屋。,XY矩阵式一个可以标识方向的工具，它显示了哪些变量是他以为最重要的，这样他就可以对其进展丈量从而验证或者推翻他的猜测。,3000miles since last oil change?,Drain old oil,The XY matrix enables you to prioritize input variables through disciplined thinking about customer priorities and the Y=f(x)transfer function.,按照这种方式列出每一个消费步骤并逐渐深化的对其分类，确保他曾经记录了的消费过程中影响每一个步骤的每一个要素。,Diamond stands for decision step,The standart tool is a flowchart,a schema to showoperations,decisionpoints,delays,movements,handoffs,rework loops,and controls or inspections.By breaking down the process into steps,the flowchart makes it easier to analyze.As you map your process,ask two key questions:for every step,ask why you do it and how you know you are doing it right.,可以利用的规范的工具就是流程图，这是显示运营活动、决策点、延误、物料挪动、传送、循环以及控制或者监视情况的图表。流程图经过将消费过程分解成消费步骤，使消费过程更易于分析。在他绘制消费过程图时，要问两个主要的问题：对每一消费步骤而言，他为什么这样做，以及他怎样知道他这样做是正确的。,一、绘制消费流程图,Process maps keeps critical team members and resources focused and involved and help them identify the benefits and opportunities of attacking the bottlenecks,capital constraints,or other material problems.,绘制消费流程图使主要团队成员的精神更加集中，使得资源更加易于管理。它有助于团队成员了解处理瓶颈、资金，或者其他资料问题能够带来的时机和收益。,Stop,Start check,Drain old oil,Pour in new oil,Install new filter,Remove old oil filter,3000miles since last oil change?,No,Yes,Is crankcase now full?,Start engine and circulate oil,Done,Yes,No,Diamond stands for decision step,Block stands for process step,A simple process map(or flowchart)showing the process for changing oil in a car,停顿,开场检查,排干旧油,注入新油,安装新的滤油器,移除旧的滤油器,上次加油后行驶了3000英里？,No,是的,曲轴箱如今装满了吗？,启动发动机使油开场循环,终了,是的,没有,菱形代表 决策步骤,方框代表消费步骤,演示汽车改换滑润油过程的简单流程图,Here are three basic rules for mapping processes:,List every step and every input and output:Consult with people close to the process.Break it down into all of its components-operations,decision points,delays,movements,handoffs,rework loops,and controls or inspections.,Identify every factor as value-added or non-value-added:What activities are essenti
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