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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,一、词类：,这里强调一点：不可数名词都默认为单数，所以总是用 is,1）名词复数如何加后缀（各种不同情况变化）,A.一般情况直接加-s,book-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds,B.以s.x.sh.ch结尾加-es：bus-buses box-boxes brush-brushes watch-watches peachpeaches glassglasses,C.以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y为i,再加-es family-families studystudies,D.以“f或fe”结尾变f或fe为v，再加-es knife-knives,E.不规则名词复数man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese,一、词类,：,一、词类：一、词类：,1,练习,写出下列各词的复数 I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _,tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_,练习,2,2.人称代词,第三人称,第二人称,第一人称,I ，we,主格,you,he,she,it,they,me,，,us,you,him,，,her,It them,宾格,2.人称代词第三人称第二人称第一人称I ，we 主格y,3,3.形容词性物主代词,I you she he it they we,主格：,My your her his its their our,形容词性物主代词:,3.形容词性物主代词I you she,4,This is（my/I）mother.,2.Nice to meet（your/you）.,3.（He/His）name is Mark.,4.Whats（she/her）name?,5.Excuse（me/my/I）.,6.Are（your/you）Miss Li?,7.（I/My）am Ben.,8.（She/Her）is my sister.,9.Fine,thank（your/you）.,10.How old is（he/his）,exercises,This is（my/I）mother.6.Are（,5,4.指示代词,指近处指远处单数this （这个）that（那个）复数these（这些）those（那些）,5.冠词有a、an、the。a和an的区别：,an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于辅音音素前。,4.指示代词指近处指远处单数this （这个）that,6,6.形容词和副词的比较级,一、形容词的比较级1.形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较,级前面可以用more,a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。,2.形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er；以字母e 结尾，加r；,3.以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er；“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er。,4.不规则形容词比较级：good-better,beautiful-more beautiful,6.形容词和副词的比较级,7,二、副词的比较级,1形容词与副词的区别(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)（1）在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后（2）副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后,2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化：well-better,far-farther),二、副词的比较级,8,练习,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.5.Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers?Hers is.,练习根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother,9,6.Marys hair is as _(long)as Lucys.,7.Ben _(jump)_(high)than some of the boys in his class.,8._ Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?Yes,she _.,9.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other girls.,10.My eyes are _(big)than _(she).,11.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?,12.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?,6.Marys hair is as _,10,二、否定句,be动词（am、is、are）+not、,情态动词can+not、,助动词（do、does）+not,如何将一个肯定的陈述句改为否定句：,1.看句中有无be动词，如有，直接在be动词后+not。,2.看句中有无情态动词，如有，直接在情态动词后+not。,3.如上述二者都没有，就应用助动词+not。,二、否定句,11,三、一般疑问句,（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上去，位置在主语（某人或某物）后，动词前。,（2）确定助动词用do、does，根据句中动词，动词是原形的助动词就用do，动词是第三人称单数的助动词就用does，,（3）在助动词后加not。,（4）原句中动词假如发生变化就要恢复成原形。,强调一点，有some的要考虑是否要用any,。,三、一般疑问句（1）肯定陈述句中本来是没有助动词的，要加上,12,常用疑问词：,What time 什么时间 问具体时间，如几点,Who谁问人 Whose 谁的问主人,Where在哪里问地点,What 什么问东西、事物,What colour什么颜色问颜色,How old多大年纪问年纪,How many多少数量（可数名词）问数量,How much多少钱；多少数量（不可数名词）问多少钱或数量（不可数）,常用疑问词：,13,五 时态（一）：一般现在时,用法,：,经常性的和习惯性的动作,常用时间状语,：usually,sometimes,in spring,every day,in the morning,动词构成,：动词原型.work,动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works,否定构成,：dont+动原,doesnt+动原,五 时态（一）：一般现在时用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作,14,一般疑问构成及简答,：,Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,he doesnt.,特殊疑问举例,：,1.What do you often do on Sundays?2.Where does he live?,一般疑问构成及简答：,15,1.She _(go)to school at eight oclock.,2.Its six oclock.They are _ supper.(eat),3.He usually _ up at 17:00.(get),4.She _(live)in Beijing.,5.Sally _(be)here just now.(刚才),6._(be)there a fly(苍蝇)on the table just now?,7.They are _(dig)a hole(洞).,8.My father _(mend)his model(模型)plane these days,1.She _(go),16,用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作,常用时间状语：,now,these days,动词构成：,am/is/are+现在分词(-ing)am/is/are working,否定构成：,am/is/are+not+现在分词,For example:Tom,is playing,football on the playground.,用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作,17,一般疑问构成及简答,：,Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其它？,Yes,I am(he is.)/No,they arent,特殊疑问举例：,What are you doing now?,Who is flying a kite there?,一般疑问构成及简答：,18,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。,1.Look!The children _(swim)in the river.,2.Now we _(want)to play basketball.,3.-_you _(draw)a picture?,-No,Im not.I _(write)a letter.,4What are you _(do)now?I _(eat)bread.,5.Its nine oclock.My father_(work)in the office.,用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。,19,6.Look,the boy_(put)the rubbish into the bin.,7._ he _(clean)the classroom?No,he isnt.,He_(play).,8.Where is Mark?He_(run)on the grass.,9.Listen,who _(sing)in the music room?Oh,10.Look!LiPing and Li Ying _(play)basketball now.,6.Look,the boy_,20,一般过去时,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作,常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago,in 2000,at that time,before liberation，when 等引导的含 过去时的句子。,动词构成：,动词过去时（-ed）worked work,否定构成：didnt+动原 didnt work,一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？Yes,主语+did./No,主语+didnt,.,一般过去时用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状,21,一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？,We,went,to the cinema yesterday.,Did you go to,the cinema yesterday,?,特殊疑问句举例：,What did he do yesterday?,When did he get up this morning,?,备注：He opened the door.(不能确定门现在是否开着),一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？We,22,练习,一、用be动词的适当形式填空,1.I _ at school just now.2.He _ at the camp last week.3.We _ students two years ago.4.They _ on
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