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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Nonfinite Verbs,(非谓语动词),Nonfinite Verbs(非谓语动词),谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时态和语态的固定用法。,e.g.He,works.,He,takes care of,the baby.,He,will go,to Shanghai.,He,didnt go,to Shanghai.,He,has gone,to Shanghai.,You,are,students.,You,look smart,.,单句谓语或动词短语,情态动词,/,助动词,+v.,系动词,+,表语,半系动词,+,表语,谓语：说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。它有人称、数、时,非谓语：主要包括不定式,1.,（,to do），2.ving,形式以及过去分词,3.,（,done）。,无人称，数的变化，不单独,作谓语,，但,保留动词特点，可以有宾语、宾补或状语,(,短语）,。,e.g.He works.,He wants,to work,here.,He,is working,now.,He,has done,his work.,You,are,students,so you,don,t work,in the factory.,Being students,you don,t work in the factory.,非谓语：主要包括不定式1.（to do），2.ving形式,过去分词,不定式,V.-ing,形式,非谓语动词,高考题,巩固 题1,巩固 题2,1.adj.adv.2.n.,1.n.adj.adv.,Adj.Adv.,1.Vt pp(,被动,.,完成,）,2.Vi pp,（完成）,3.adj=vt pp(,固定，在英语字典中，死记）,在句中的功能和作用,过去分词不定式V.-ing 形式非谓语动词高考题巩固 题1巩,非谓语形式在句中的位置,1,、,V+ing,（单个或词组作主语时，它放在句子谓语的前面；作表语和宾语时，放在系动词的后面或,Vt(,一些固定动词）的后面；作定语时，单个放在名词的前面，短语放在名词的的后面，相当于一个省掉了主语和主动词的定语从句；作宾语补助语时，放在宾语的后面，表示正在进行的动作或内容，作状语时，相当于一个省掉了主语和助动词的谓语，放在句前或句未。,非谓语形式在句中的位置1、V+ing（单个或词组作主语时，它,非谓语的时态和语态,A,、,(do)V+ing,时态 语态,1,、,doing,（一般式）（主动的进行）,2,、,being done,（一被式）（被动式的进行）,3,、,having done (,完主式）（谓语前完成的主动）,4,、,having been done,（完被式）（谓语前完成的被动）,B,、,(do)to do,1,、,to do,(,一般式）（谓语后的主动动作）,2,、,to be done (,一被式）（谓语后的被动动作）,3,、,to having done (,完主式）（谓语前的主动动作）,4,、,to having been done,（完被式）（谓语前的被动动作）,非谓语的时态和语态 A、(do)V+ing,非谓语形式单个或短语的例子,一、单个,v+ing,（定语）（位置）动词意义,1,、,a,singing,girl,名词之前,a,flying,bird,(,表名词主动和正在进行）,2,、,an,interesting,film.,名词之前,a,frightening,story,名词之前 （,用作修饰名词的内容 ）,3,、,a,walking,stick,名词之前,a,reading,room,名词之前,(,说明,名词的功能和作用）,二、短语,Vt+N+Prep+N,（定）名词之后,(,表名词主动和正在进行,),3,、,the students,training on the playground(who are training on the playground),4,、,the pigeon flying in the sky(,that are flying in the sky),5,、,students,being taught in the classroom (that are taught in the classroom),6,、,The school,being built on the top of the hill (that is built on the top of the hill),(,表一个,被动,的,正在进行,的动作）,A,、单个,v+ing,形式（定语）,(,注意位置）,短语,Vt+N.Vt+N+Prep+N,（定语）,非谓语形式单个或短语的例子 一、单个v+ing（定语）,三、,V+ing+n+prep+n(,补语）,1,、,I heard the different birds (,在树枝上唱歌）,singing on the branches.,2,、,At the moment the mice are seen(,在地上到处跑）,running on the ground.,3,、,At present the clock is watched(,在鸡笼里打鸣）,crowing in the hencoop.,4,、,We definitely heard people,（被打）,and moved around in the big hill.,being,beaten,三、V+ing+n+prep+n(补语）1、I,1,、单个,v+ing,相当名词,(,位置,）（意义）,（名词的位置）（抽象、说理）,Reading,is studying and,using,is also,studying,2,、短语,Vt+N.Vt+N+Prep+N,（主、定、宾和表语）,Reading in the dim room,is harmful,to your eyes.,(,辨别功能）,The washing,machine,is my helper,.,(,辨别功能）,We have finished,reading,the novel.,(,辨别功能）,She said she fled to the UK in 2002 after,being beaten,and victimized because of her sexuality.(,辨别功能）,They dont make those profits except by,doing one thing,which is denying health care.(,辨别功能）,B,、单个,v+ing,形式,（,主语、表语和宾语,）,短语,Vt+N+Prep+N,（主语、表语和宾语）,1、单个v+ing 相当名词 (位置）,1.,在,suggest,keep,allow,finish,enjoy,mind,practice,avoid,admit,advise,consider,imagine,appreciate,escape,等后不能用不定式作宾语；在,forget,remember,regret,mean,try,等动词后既可接动名词，也可接不定式，但意义差别较大。如：,I,forgot seeing her,.,我忘记见过她。,(,以前见过,),I,forgot to post,the letter.,我忘记寄信了。,(,信没寄,),Knowledge is power.,知识就是力量。,They should,try dancing,if they havent learned the music,Buying online could,mean doing time,.,We,remember seeing,you in 1999.,Do you,remember to pay,the subscription(,定金）,to the computer magazine?,C,、注意：,后只能用,“,V+ing,或,V+ing+n+prep+n,”,1.在suggest,keep,allow,2.,在表示“需要”的,need,want,和,require,等后用,-ing,形式的主动形式表示被动意义，也可用不定式的被动式,。,As a result of the serious flood,two-thirds of the buildings in the area need,(repair).(,陕西,),-Robert is indeed a wise man.,-Oh,yes.How often I have regretted (not take)his advice!(,安徽,),repairing/to be repaired,not taking,2.在表示“需要”的need,want 和 requir,（,3,）动名词可以和一些介词如,in,on,after,against,before,by,for,without,besides,等构成短语，在句中作状语,。,He left ahead of time,without saying a word,.,他一句话也没说就提前离开了。,Besides cooking and sewing,she had to take care of four children.,除了做饭和缝纫以外，她还要照顾四个孩子。,On hearing the news,all the pupils jumped with joy.,听到这个消息后，所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。,（3）动名词可以和一些介词如in,on,after,a,D,、几个动名词短语的固定用法，一般采用,1.It is +V+ing+n+Phrase,句式来表示,It is,no use,waiting for him,any longer.,等他是没有用的。,It is,no good,learning,without practice.,学而不实践是没好处的。,It is,useless,talking about it,with him.,和他谈这件事是没用的。,Its,a waste of time,arguing about,it.,辩论这事是浪费时间,D、几个动名词短语的固定用法，一般采用1.It is,2.There is no”,句式来表示,There is no joking about,such matters.,这种事开不得玩笑。,There is no littering about.,不许乱扔杂物。,There is no holding back,the wheel of history.,历史车轮不可阻挡,。,2.There is no”句式来表示 There i,D,、,Revision:1,、,The function of V-ing,1.,is very useful,.,（学习外语）,2.I enjoy,.,（说英语）,3.We can learn a lot about what a person is thinking by,（观察肢体语言）,4.The music sounds,5.My job is,6.There is a pool in our school,（游泳）,7.The boy is a classmate of mine,8.W watch the children,9.the baby stopped crying.(,听见她妈妈的声音,),(,subject),(,站在那里）,(,object),Learning a foreign language,speaking English,watching his body
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