动名词和动词不定式

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Module 3On the radio,Unit 3 Language in use,动名词和动词不定式,Grammar,动名词和动词不定时的句法功能（句子成分）,句法功能（句子成分）,主语,表语,宾语,定语,状语,名,称,动词不定式,可,可,可,可,可,动名词,可,可,可,可,不可,动词不定式和动名词,作主语,时的用法比较,1.表一般抽象概念时可互换。,Reading,good books,enriches,our mind.,To read,good books,enriches,our mind.,注：动词不定式和动名词,作主语时,位于,动词一定是,单数,的。,2.表具体的、特定情形下的或有待完成的动作，通常用动词不定式。,To finish reading such a long novel will,takes me several days.,读完这么长的小说要花费我好几天的,时间。,To finish reading such a long novel,表具体的待完成的动作。,Swimming,is good for health,but,to swim,in such a polluted river is harmful to,health.,游泳有益健康，但在这条污染如此严重,的河里游泳是有害的。,To swim in such a polluted river,指特定情况下的动作。,3.当it作形式主语时，真正的主语可以是doing or to do.,It is difficult,to make the air clean.,making the air clean.,It is nice,to meet you.,meeting you here.,注：当,表语是important,necessary,easy,时后面只能用不定式,。且在it is+adj/n.,+for/of sb to do sth句型只能用不定式作真,正的主语；,而表语,no use,no good,a waste of time,worth时，常用动名词,。,It is important to protect our environment.,It is no use at all arguing with him.,4.在,there is no 后面只用动名词,。,There is no knowing whether he will,come.,There is no telling where he has gone.,动名词和动词不定式作,表语,的用法比较,1.通常可以互换,His habit is,taking a walk after supper.,to take a walk after supper.,2.动词若指具体的、特定情况下或未来的动作，通常动词不定式。,Your work today is to finish this article.,3.主语的形式与表语的形式通常应一致。,To see is to believe.,Seeing is believing.,动词不定式和动名词作,宾语,时的用法比较,1.有些动词只能用,动词不定式作宾语,afford offer agree ask decide,expect hope wish refuse pretend,manage,2.有些动词只能用,动名词作宾语,avoid advise appreciate suggest admit,permit keep consider delay enjoy,complete finish delay practise mind,excuse escape risk miss cant stand/bear,be used to look forward to put off,give up put up with keep on get,down to(prep)devote to(prep),have difficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing,3.在某些动词后,learn,continue,既可以跟动名词也可以跟动词不定式，意义上基本无差别。,4.,begin,start,后面跟动词不定式和动名词都可以，通常可以互换，但在以下,三种情况下只能用不定式形式,。,A.begin,start本身为进行时态,B.注意为非生物的名词或it时,C.后接表示心理状态的动词不定式,，如 known see understand feel,realize,在like,dislike,love,hate,prefer 后，,若表示,习惯性行为、通常的动作,多用,动名词；,若表示,特定的、具体的或一次性,的动,作时，多用不定式。,有些动词后既可用动名词又可用不定式作宾语，但含义有所不同,如：,forget remember stop try mean,go on regret be afraid,Part 1 Put the words in the correct column.,agree continue decide enjoy,hate learn keep like,love need remember start,stop try want,followed only by to,followed only by-ing,followed by to or-ing,agree,decide,learn,need,want,enjoy,keep,continue,hate,like,love,remember,start,stop,try,Part 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words.,Tony hates _(see)his team lose.,Daming,enjoys _(listen)to music.,They decided _(visit)Radio Beijing with Sally.,seeing/to see,listening,to visit,4.They have to stop _(talk)when the red light is on.,5.Keep _(study)English if you want to work on Radio Beijing.,6.You need _(speak)English to work in radio.,talking,studying,to speak,7.He started _(make)his own radio programme.,8.He remembers _(get)his first,job in radio.,9.He learnt _(speak)on the,radio.,making/to make,getting,to speak,Part 4.Choose the word which does not belong in each group.,1.article report newspaper reporter,2.sunny rain glass weather,3.score result match studio,4.presenter manager newsreader,reporter,5.sport news joke sunny,Part 5.Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.,latest prepare rain result score sports,sunny weather weather report win,Did you listen to the _?,What will the _be like tomorrow?,2.Its going to be_.It isnt going,to _.,3.We can have a picnic!Ill _,the food today.,weather report,weather,sunny,rain,prepare,4.Its six oclock.Lets listen to the,_ news to find out the of the,_football match.,5.Hey,our team _ three goals.,They _ the match.Thats,fantastic!,6.Do you like other _ as well,as football?,latest,result,scored,won,sports,Part 6.Ask and answer the questions.,1.How do you,prepare for a test,?,2.What do you like doing in,sunny,weather?,3.How do you feel when you are,waiting for your test,results,?,4.How many different ways are there,of finding out the,latest news,?,7 Listen and say what Kates job is.,a)A newspaper reporter.,b)A radio presenter.,c)A newsreader.,8.Listen again and choose the best answer.,1 How does Kate find out about the news?,a)While shes at the park.,b)While shes running to the park.,c)While shes on the running machine,at the gym.,2 Who decides what will be on Kates,show?,a)Kate.,b)Kates team.,c)Kate and her team.,3 How long is Kates programme?,a)Two and a half hours.,b)Four and a half hours.,c)Three and a half hours.,4 How does Kate try to give the show a personal feeling?,a)She talks to the listeners in person.,b)She imagines that she is talking to,the listeners in person.,c)She interviews the listeners.,5 Which of the following are in Kates programme?,a)phone-ins,b)weather reports,c)interviews,d)sport,e)news,Part 9.Complete the passage with the phrases in the box.,closes down look out for look out of take you around the end of would like to,Im going to _the radio station.,You must _ the red light.When it