ActiveVoiceVersusPassiveVoice主动语态和被动语态

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Active VoiceVersus Passive Voice,Making Your Writing More Vigorous and Concise,Objectives,Define active and passive voice,Recognize the difference between active and passive voice,Cite two reasons why one would use passive instead of active voice,Change passive constructions to active constructions,Defining Active and Passive Voice,ACTIVE VOICE,The subject DOES the action,PASSIVE VOICE,The subject RECEIVES the action,Uses a“helper version of“to be along with the participle form of the verb,Examples of Active-Passive Verbs(Present Tense),Speaks,Flies,Manipulates,Understands,Is spoken,Is flown,Is Manipulated,Is Understood,Different Forms,Speaks,Spoke,Will speak,Is spoken,Was spoken,Will be spoken,Passive voice,just like active voice,can appear in the present,the past,and the future:,Practice with tense online,Two Reasons to Use Passive Voice,1.,When the person/thing receiving the action is the focus of the sentence,When what is doing the action is unknown,doesnt wish to be known,or is irrelevant/obvious.,Reason#1,The person/thing receiving the action is the focus of the sentence:,The latest deaths in Iraq were reported on the evening news by Katie Couric.,Reason#2,The Person/Thing Doing the Action:,Isnt Known,The note was left on the doorstep,Doesnt Wish to Be Known,The cigarette ads were targeted at a young audience.,Isnt Relevant or Is Obvious:,The president was elected by a landslide,The meeting was run by Jennie.,Jennie ran the meeting.,We will be notified of the situation by a message on the radio.,A message on the radio will notify us of the situation.,Change from Passive to Active Voice,Now Try This One,Timmy was raised by his aunt Marie.,Timmys Aunt Marie raised him.,(unless you wish to focus on,Timmy,in your essay/paragraph/etc-in this case,youd leave it as is),One More Practice,The package was delivered before the holiday.,Leave as is-we can assume that some delivery service delivered the package,plus,its not really important who delivered the package.,The habitual use of the active voice,however,makes for forcible writing.This is true not only in narrative principally concerned with action,but in writing of any kind.Many a tame sentence of description or exposition can be made lively and emphatic by substituting a transitive in the active voice for some such perfunctory expression as,there is,or,could be heard.,-,William Strunk and E.B.White,The Elements of Style,A Final Word From Strunk and White,