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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,初中英语易混词,学习讲座,主讲：张绪敏,一、a bit、a few、few、a little、little,1、a few用作定语，修饰可数名词，意为“少数的、几个、一些”，表示肯定。如果去掉 a，few 表示“很少的、几乎没有的”，表示否定，其反义词为 many。,There are a few people in the room.,房间里有几个人。,There are few people in the room.,房间里几乎没有人。,2、a little 也可作定语，修饰不可数名词，,意为“一点儿、少量”，表示肯定。如果去掉 a，,little 表示“很少的、几乎没有的”，其反 义词是,much。,Could you give me a little milk?,请给我一点儿牛奶好吗？,There was a lot of food on the table,but I had little.,桌子上有很多食物，但是我几乎一点儿没吃。,3、a bit 用作定语时，意为“一点儿、稍许”，,不能直接修饰不可数名词，但可用“a bit of+,不可数名词”结构，此时a bit of=a little,4、a little 和a bit 作名词时可换用，意为“一点儿、,一些”，在句中作主语和宾语。,A little/A bit is enough.,一点儿就够了。,He gave me only a little/a bit.,他只给了我一点儿。,5、a little 和 a bit 作为程度副词时可换用，,它们不仅能 修饰形容词或副词的原级，,也能修饰它们的比较级，意为“一点儿”。,He felt a bit/a little hungry.,他觉得有点饿。,Is the earth a little/a bit farther from the sun,in winter?,冬天地球离太阳要远一点儿吗？,注意,not a bit 表示“一点也不”，相当于,not,at all;,2.not a little,却有“非常、很”的意思，,相当于very much 或 extremely;,3.not a few 则表示“很多”。,He is not a bit like his brother.,(=He is not like his brother at all.),他一点儿也不像他的兄弟。,He is not a little like his brother.,(=He is extremely like his brother.),他很像他的兄弟。,Not a few students like English in our class.,我们班有很多的同学喜欢英语。,4,.,quite a few 表示“相当多”。,5.quite a little 和quite a bit 表示 “大大地、,非常”。,Youll have to wait quite a few weeks.,你得等好几个星期。,He has got quite a little good news.,他有许多好消息。,I am quite a little tired.,我非常累。,自我测试：请把下列句子译成汉语,1、我今天早晨吃了点儿面包。,2、我没有多少书借给你。,3、我可以和你说几句话吗？,4、快点，我们没时间了。,5、再来点咖啡吗？,不，谢谢，还剩一点。,I had a bit of bread this morning,.,I have few books to lend you,.,May I have a few words with you?,Hurry up,we have little time left.,Would you like some more coffee?,No,thanks.Theres still a little left.,二、above,on,over,above表示“离开某物的上方”强调高于某一点,或某一物体，但不一定在垂直上方，反义词为,below。另外，above 还可修饰温度。,例如：There is a light above the table.,桌子上方悬挂着一盏灯。（不强调正上方）,The temperature will stay above zero in the daytime.,白天温度将在零度以上。,2、on 强调某物在另一物体的表面上，两者为接触,关系。,例如：There is a book on the desk.,Can you see the words on the blackboard?,3、over 多指某物在另一物的正上方，两者不接触,但强调垂直关系，反义词为under。另外，over还有,“跨越”的意思。,例如：There is a stone bridge over the river.,The boys jumped over a stream(小溪）one after,another.,注意：1 在不强调垂直关系时，above 和over 可替换使用。,The sky is a clear blue over/above our heads.,我们头顶上是蔚蓝的天空。,2 表示“（年龄）大于”、“（价格）高于”、,“（重量）超过”时，above 和over可替换使用。,例如：There is nothing in this shop over/above one dollar.这个店里没有一样东西价钱超过一美元。,It weighs above/over ten tons.,它的重量超过十吨。,下面这个图也许能帮助大家更加清楚它们之间,的区别，,请看；,over,above,on,below,under,Exercises,根据句意，用above,on,或 over 填空,Can you see the plane the palace?,He put up his hand his head.,The sun shines the earth.,Their office is ours on the second floor.,There is a big blackboard the front wall,in the classroom.,over/above,above,over,above,on,
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