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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,*,VISION I,S.BUCKLEY RN,MSN,COPYRIGHT 2021,VISUAL ACUITY,Visual Acuity Is The Sharpness Of Vision Near And Far.,Assessment Of Visual Acuity Tests Central Vision.,Snellen Chart,EYE ASSESSMENT,Test Light Perception,Test Extra ocular Movements,Test For Nystagmus,Test Visual Fields,HEALTH HISTORY RELATEDTO VISION,Eye Disease,Eye Surgery,Trauma,Diabetes,Hypertension,Pain,Sensitivity To Light,Burning,Itching,Tearing,Double Vision,Floaters,Flashing Lights,Halos,Family History,Occupation,Recreation,Glasses,Contacts,Eye Medications,Ophthalmologist Visit,COMMON EYE ANDVISUAL PROBLEMS,Hyperopia:Farsightedness,Myopia:Nearsightedness,Presbyopia:Impaired Vision In Middle Age.Cause:Loss Of Elasticity Of Lens.,VISUAL PROBLEMS,Cataracts:Loss Of Transparency Of The Lens.,Glaucoma:Intraocular Structural Damage Caused By Elevated Intraocular Pressure.,Macular Degeneration:Blurred Central Vision.Cause:Progressive Degeneration Of The Center Of The Retina.,EXTERNAL EYE STRUCTUREASSESSMENT,Position And Alignment:Assess In Relation To One Another.,Eyebrows:Normally Symmetrical.,Eyelids:Inspect Position,Color,Surface.,Ptosis:Abnormal Drooping Of The Lid.,EXTERNAL EYE STRUCTUREASSESSMENT,Lids:Assess For Redness,Edema.,Lacrimal Apparatus:Tears Secrete From The Gland And Flow Across Eye To Duct.,Conjunctiva:Normally Transparent.,Sclera:Normally Porcelain To Light Yellow Depending On Ethnic Group.,EXTERNAL EYE STRUCTUREASSESSMENT,Cornea:Normally Transparent,Colorless Portion Of The Eye,Covering The Pupil And Iris.,Iris:Smooth Muscle Fibers Contract And Relax To Allow More Or Less Light To Enter The Eye Through The Pupil.,ASSESSMENT OF PUPILS,Observe For:Pupils Equal,Round,Reactive To Light And Accommodation(PERRLA).,Pupils:Normally Black,Round,Regular,And Equal.,Cloudy Pupils,Constricted Pupils,SENSORY LOSSSENSORY OVERLOAD,Sudden Vision Loss,Gradual Vision Loss,Sensory Overload:Person Receives Multiple Sensory Stimuli And Cannot Disregard Or Ignore Some Stimuli.,Symptoms,VISION LOSS AND ABILITYTO PERFORM SELF CARE,Assess Ability To Perform Self Care.,Safety In Hospital;Concerns On Discharge.,Balancing Requires 3 Main Types Of Sensory Input:Vestibular,Visual And Somatosensory.,AGING AND VISION,Aging:Pupils Ability To Adjust To Light Is Diminished.,Aging:Changes In Color Perception Occur.Blue,Violet And Green Decline.,Brighter Colors-Red,Orange,And Yellow-Are Easier To See.,SAFETY CONCERNS,Aging:Visual Acuity,Peripheral Vision,Adaptation To The Dark,And Depth Perception Are Permanently Reduced.,How Does This Affect Activities Of Daily Living?,ORIENTATION TO THE ENVIRONMENT,Recent Sensory Impairment:Need To Know Boundaries Of The Immediate Environment.Patient Should Touch The Boundaries To Make Them Real.,Approach The Patient From The Front.,Keep All Objects In The Same Position And Place.,EYE MEDICATIONS,Labels In Large Print.Ophthalmic On Bottle.,Family/Friends Familiar With Medications And Schedule.,Keep Medication Sterile.,EYE DROPS,Eye Drops Are Administered Onto The Lower Lid(Conjunctival Sac).,Eye Drops Require Three To Five Minutes In Between Each Drop(Same Medication).,Some Eye Drops Require Ten Minutes In Between Drops(Different Medications).,EYE EXAMS,Between Ages 40-64,Eye Exams Should Be Every 2-4 Years.If There Is A Family History Of Glaucoma,Eye Exams Should Be Every 1-2 Years.(Per Physician),Eye Exams Should Be Every Year If There Has Been A Serious Injury,Patient Is On Steroids,Has Diabetic Retinopathy Or Is Over 65.(Per Physician),
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