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,语法专题突破,专题三,介词和介词短语,核心考点,随堂巩固,专题三介词和介词短语,专题三介词和介词短语,-,2,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,.,单句,语法,填空,1,.(2018,全国,卷,)I was searching,for,these three western lowland gorillas I,d been observing.,2,.(2018,北京卷,)Good morning,Mr.Lee,s office.,Good morning.I,d like to make an appointment,for,next Wednesday afternoon.,3,.(,2017,全国,卷,)It allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and,from,work.,-2-高考感悟考点归纳.单句语法填空,-,3,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,4,.(,2017,全国,卷,)After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree,in,engineering or architecture.,5,.(,2017,江苏卷,)Determining where we are in relation,to,our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival.,6,.(,2016,全国,卷,)Most of us are more focused,on,our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.,7,.(,2016,全国,卷,)In India,for example,most people traditionally eat,with,their hands.,8,.(,2016,四川卷,)The mother continued to care for the young panda,for,more than two years.,-3-高考感悟考点归纳4.(2017全国卷)After,-,4,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,.,单句改错,1,.(2018,全国,卷,)They also had a small pond which they raised fish.,在,which,前加,in,或将,which,where,2,.(2018,全国,卷,)At the end of our trip,I told my father that I planned to return for every two years,and he agreed.,去掉,for,3,.(2017,全国,卷,)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.,on,of,4,.(2017,全国,卷,)They have also bought for some gardening tools.,去掉,for,-4-高考感悟考点归纳.单句改错,-,5,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点一,表示时间和日期的介词,1,.in,用在表示年、季节、月份,或泛指上午、下午或晚上的名词前,;on,用在表示某一天,某一天的上午、下午或晚上的名词前,;at,用在表示某一时刻或时间上的某一点的词前。,We will have a meeting,at,8 oclock,in,the morning,on,Sunday.,2,.for,后接,“,一段时间,”,表示某事持续多久,多与完成时连用,;during,表示,“,在,期间,”;through,表示,“,一直,自始至终,”,。,The new boy looked at the teacher,for,a few seconds.,I went to France,during,the summer holiday.,They worked hard,through,the winter.,-5-高考感悟考点归纳考点一 表示时间和日期的介词,-,6,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,3,.from,since,from,表示时间的起点,意为,“,从,”,多用于,“from.to/till.”,中,;since,表示,“,自从,以来,”,。,I have been waiting here,from,morning till noon.,Great changes have taken place in our school,since,Dec.,2015.,注意,for,和,since,都常与完成时连用,但,for,接时间段,since,接时间点。如,for two hours(,持续,),两小时,;since last week,从上周直到现在。,-6-高考感悟考点归纳3.from,since,-,7,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,4,.before,by,till,until,before,指,“,在,之前,”,与,after,相对。,by,指,“,不迟于,到,时为止,在,以前,”,by,后接过去时间,常与过去完成时连用,;by,后接将来时间,常与将来完成时连用。,till/until“,直到,为止,”,在肯定句中,till/until,必须与延续性动词连用,;,在否定句中,till/until,常与非延续性动词连用。,Please come,before,ten oclock.,September 30 is the day,by,which you must pay your bill.,You must wait for him,till/until,tomorrow.,-7-高考感悟考点归纳4.before,by,till,un,-,8,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,5,.after,in,after+,一段时间,:,表示,“,在,之后,”,用于一般过去时,;,但时间为点时间时,只能用,after,即,after+,点时间,用于各种时态。,in+,一段时间,:,表示以说话时为起点一段时间之后,与一般将来时连用,;,但表示,“,在,之内,”,时,用于各种时态。,After,eight it began to rain.,Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves,in,half an hour.,-8-高考感悟考点归纳5.after,in,-,9,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点二,表示方位的介词,1,.on,意为,“,在,的上面,”;over,意为,“,在,(,垂直,),的正上方,”;above,意为,“,在,(,不一定垂直,),的上方,”;under,意为,“,在,(,垂直,),的正下方,”;below,意为,“,在,(,不一定垂直,),的下方,”;near,意为,“,在,附近,”;next to,意为,“,紧挨着,”;round/around,意为,“,在,周围,”;by,意为,“,在,旁边,”;along,表示沿着街、路、河岸等,;across,主要表示从某物的表面,“,横过,”,涉及,“,面,”,的概念,;past,意为,“,从,旁经过,”;up,表示向上,由南到北,由西到东,由沿海到内陆,由小地方到大地方,由农村到城市,反之则用,down;through,指从某物的内部,“,穿过,”;over,指,“,越过,”,某一障碍物。,Pipes carry oil,across,the desert.,It took us ten minutes to drive,through,the tunnel.,-9-高考感悟考点归纳考点二 表示方位的介词,-,10,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,2,.,表示两者的位置关系时,in,表示,“,在同一区域内或同一范围内,”;on,表示,“,接壤,相邻,”;to,表示,“,相离,相隔,”,两者不属同一范围,也不接壤。,Mongolia is/lies,on,the north of China.,-10-高考感悟考点归纳2.表示两者的位置关系时,in表示“,-,11,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点三,表示计量的介词,1,.at,表示,“,以,速度,以,价格,”,。,The only reason a man would sell salt,at,a lower price would be that he was desperate for money.,2,.for,表示,“,用,交换,以,为代价,”,。,He sold his car,for,500 dollars.,注意,at,表示单价,(price),for,表示总钱数。,3,.by,表示,“,按,计算,”,后跟度量单位。接具体单位前用定冠词,the,接具体度量名词时该名词前不加冠词。,They are paid,by,the day.,-11-高考感悟考点归纳考点三 表示计量的介词,-,12,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点四,表示行为的工具、手段或者方式的介词,1,.by,表示用某种方式,多用于交通。如,by bus,乘公共汽车,by e-mail,通过电子邮件。,注意,表示搭乘交通工具用,by,时,名词前不加冠词,;,用,in,时,名词前要加冠词。请比较,:,I went there,by,car/in a car.,2,.with,表示,“,用某种具体工具、身体的某部分或器官,”,。,We speak,with,our mouths.,注意,with,表示用某种工具时,名词前必须用冠词或物主代词。,3,.in,表示用某种材料或语言。,Please speak,in,English and write,in,ink.,4,.through,表示,“,以,(,方法、手段,),经由,”,后面多接抽象名词。,You can only achieve success,through,hard work.,-12-高考感悟考点归纳考点四 表示行为的工具、手段或者方,-,13,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点五,表示,“,除,之外,”,的介词,besides,表示包含,“,除,之外还有,”,。,except,表示排除,“,除,之外,”,指整体里面排除部分,后面可接代词、副词、介词短语,还可接,that,从句或,wh-,从句。,but,表示排除,多与,nobody,none,no one,nothing,anything,everyone,all,who,等连用,其后可以接不定式。,except for,表示,“,除,之外,”,常在说明基本情况后,从细节上加以修正。,apart from,表示,“,此外,除,之外,(,还有,)”,相当于,besides/as well as;,表示,“,撇开,来说,除去,”,相当于,except(for);in addition to,表示,“,除,之外,(,还有,)”,相当于,besides,。,-13-高考感悟考点归纳考点五 表示“除之外”的介词,-,14,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,Apart,from,going shopping,the old lady likes walking,except,when,it rains.,Beijing is a beautiful city,except,for,its traffic.,-14-高考感悟考点归纳Apart from going s,-,15,-,高考感悟,考点归纳,考点六,表示原因的介词,1,.for,表示原因,常与,sorry,famous,punish,praise,th
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