美国历史课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,American Indians,The Bering Strait,Christopher Columbus-,discovered America in 1492,The United States of America,Early America,First British settlement,at Jamestown, Virginia (Chesapeake Bay) in 1607,In 1620, a group of Puritans set out for Virginia on board the,Mayflower,somehow reached Plymouth harbor (Massachusetts Bay),After 1680, England ceased to be the chief source of immigration, as great numbers came from Germany, Ireland, Scotland, Switzerland, and France for varied reasons,Jamestown,Jamestown Settlement,Mayflower,Reasons for Immigration (1607-1830),Political Freedom,Religious Tolerance,Economic Opportunity - People want a better life - better job - more money,Political Refugees fear for their lives,Some want free atmosphere,Forced Immigration (Slavery),Family Reunification,There are two types of motivation for immigration,Push(need to leave in order to survive),Pull (attracted to new way of life) .,13,Colonies,Definition: The English colonies founded along the Atlantic coast of America,Virginia 1607,New York 1626,Massachusetts 1630,Maryland 1633,Connecticut 1636,Rhode Island 1636,Delaware 1638,New Hampshire 1638,North Carolina 1653,South Carolina 1663,New Jersey 1664,Pennsylvania 1682,Georgia 1732,Georgia,S.C,N.C.,Virginia,D,Penn.,N.J.,N.Y.,Mass.,N.H.,C,R,M,The road to Independence,The Royal Proclamation of 1763,Molasses Act of 1733,the Sugar Act of 1764,The Currency Act of 1764,the Quartering Act of 1765,The Stamp Act of 1765,the Declaratory Act of 1766. This act asserted the authority of Parliament to make laws binding the colonies in all cases whatsoever.,The,Townshend,Acts of 1767 (-1770),Boston Tea Party (1773),the Coercive or Intolerable Acts,The American Revolution 1775-1783,the Treaty of Paris,Westward Expansion and Sectional Conflicts,the Louisiana Purchase in 1803,Missouri Compromise of 1820,The Nullification Crisis in 1832,Texan independence (1836),War with Mexico in 1846,the Treaty of Guadalupe,Hildago,in which Mexico ceded the Southwest region and California for $15 million.,The Compromise of 1850,the Kansas-Nebraska Act,bleeding Kansas.,Abraham Lincoln elected as president in 1860,11 Southern states seceded in 1861,Civil War 1861-1865,Growth and Transformation,Industrial Revolution,Corporation,Revolution in Agriculture,Population Growth,Growing Cities,Transportation Development,War, Prosperity and Depression,World War I (1914-1918),The Booming 1920s,The Great Depression,The New Deal and World War II,Postwar America,Cold War,Cold War at home (McCarthy Era),The Civil Rights Movement (origin),Decades of Change,The Vietnam War,D,tente,The Civil Rights Movement,US-Soviet Relation,End of Cold War,Immigration Per Decade,Peaks/waves of immigration,The century following 1820 can be divided into 3 great periods of immigration, or waves. These three have immigrants coming from primarily three different regions. (there is,more detail,below):,1820-1860, Great Britain, Ireland, and Western Germany. 1860-1890, The above countries continued to provide, as well as Scandinavian Nations. 1890-1910, The majority was Austria, Hungary, Italy, and Russia, up until World War 1.,From 1905 until 1914, an average of more than a million aliens yearly entered the U.S. With the outbreak of World War 1, the number declined sharply. In 1921 the number again rose, but only for a short time until changing conditions in Europe as well as new U.S. Laws governing Immigration were established,.,1607-1830,The slaves trade thrived through the 18th century. Africa thus made a substantial addition to the American population. There were about 500,000 African Americans here by the time of the American Revolution. The great majority were slaves. The unique quality of this migration had planted the seeds of difficulty that would permanently mark the nation,1830-1890,In the decade preceding the election of Lincoln, 2,598,214 immigrants came to U.S. mainly from,Great Britain, Ireland, and Germany,with few from,Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands,After the panic of 1857 and out break of the Civil War, immigration declined, but after collapse of Confederacy, immigration assumed a huge volume again,Not until the 1840s did wave after wave of immigration was deposited on American shores from practically every country of Europe,This is where Irish immigration began its wave, especially after the potato crop failure,This Era of Mass Immigration was initially from northern and western Europe,The 1830s was a surge of German immigrants,In 1848, with the discovery of Gold, there was a spur of,Chinese,and,Latin American immigrants,to the west coast,In the 1870s large number of,Scandinavians, Chinese, and Canadians,immigrated to the U.S.,1840s and 1850s - 1.5 million immigrants,1840s - 1880s (Germans) - 4 million immigrants,Total number of immigrants in this wave is about 7.5 million,1890-1924,Chinese immigration was stopped in 1892 & 1902,In 1907 Japanese immigration was limited,1968-,Present,Cuban immigration,picked up sharply during the 1950s as a result of increasing political turmoil in Cuba,Many of the first Cubans to flee Castros dictatorship in the early 1960s were from wealthy families and were well educated,The U.S., granted asylum to these people and offered federal help to qualified applicants in finding homes and in making job contacts,Most later Cuban immigrants were relatives of the first group or were poor people looking for work,A major influx of Cuban immigrants was the arrival in 1980 of the,Marielitos,The,Marielitos,were about 125,000 people that the Cuban government wanted out of Cuba,They included many unskilled workers, criminals, and mentally ill people,These people were put aboard boats at the Cuban port of,Mariel, and sent to Miami,The U.S. government allowed these people to enter, not knowing that some of them were criminals,Some were placed in U.S. prisons,Many of them were rehabilitated and released,Few were returned to Cuba,1830-1890,Nationality,Primarily Irish and British immigrated to America during this time period.,Circumstances,Irish:,The Irish immigrated to America for several reasons, one of which was the potato famine that killed over a million. Along with this, they resented the British rule of their country, and the British landlords. This included the British Protestantism and British taxes. With this there was the onset of prolonged depression and social hardship. Ireland was so ravaged by economic collapse, that in rural areas, the average age of death was 19. By the 1830s Irish immigration was growing quickly, and in 1945 with the potato famine, the number of immigrants sky rocketed.,British:,The reasons the British came to America are not nearly as detailed as the reasons for the Irish coming here. The British came to simply look for better opportunities of work.,Reasons for Immigration,1890-1924,Germans came after the 1848 revolution,Jews came for religious freedom,Italians and Asians came for Work,Russians came to escape persecution,America had jobs,America had religious freedom,America was hyped up in many countries as Land of Opportunity,Indian Reservation,US population by race,Population Chart,Population (1),Population,275,562,673 (July 2000 est.),Age structure,0-14 years:,21.25% (male 29,956,875; female 28,597,880),15-64 years:,66.11% (male 90,345,154; female 91,827,471),65 years and over:,12.64% (male 14,472,865; female 20,362,428) (2000 est.),Population growth rate,0.91% (2000 est.),Population (2),Birth rate,14.2 births/1,000 population (2000 est.),Death rate,8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.),Net migration rate,3.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.),Sex ratio,at birth:,1.05 male(s)/female,under 15 years:,1.05 male(s)/female,15-64 years:,0.98 male(s)/female,65 years and over:,0.71 male(s)/female,total population:,0.96 male(s)/female (2000 est.),Population (3),Infant mortality rate,6.82 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.),Life expectancy at birth,total population:,77.12 years,male:,74.24 years,female:,79.9 years (2000 est.),Population (4),Ethnic groups,white 83.5%, black 12.4%, Asian 3.3%, Amerindian 0.8% (1992),note:,a separate listing for Hispanic is not included because the US Census Bureau considers Hispanic to mean a person of Latin American descent (especially of Cuban, Mexican, or Puerto Rican origin) living in the US who may be of any race or ethnic group (white, black, Asian, etc.),Population (5),Religions,Protestant 56%, Roman Catholic 28%, Jewish 2%, other 4%, none 10% (1989),Languages,English, Spanish (spoken by a sizable minority),Literacy,definition:,age 15 and over can read and write,total population:,97%,male:,97%,female:,97% (1979 est.),1775,1790,1800,1810,1820,1830,