主谓一致课件周子莙

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,主谓一致现象,一、自主学习及情景诱思,1、什么叫主谓一致？,2、主谓一致的分类,原则,：,主谓一致现象,二、精讲点拨,1、什么叫主谓一致现象？,主谓一致是指,谓语动词,在,人称和数上与句子的主语,保持一致。,a,语法一致原则,b,就近原则和就远原则,c,谓语动词只用单数的情况,d,谓语动词只用复数的情况,e,谓语动词用单数或复数均可的情况,d,需要特别提醒的情况,2、主谓一致的分类,原则,：,语法,一致,原则,单数,单数,The boy,was,struggling for a better life.,复数,复数,The students,are,working hard to go to college.,2、主谓一致的分类,原则,就,近,原,则,由or,either.or.,neither.nor.,not only.but also.等连接,两个或两个以上的主语时,由,there,here,引起的主语不止一个时,与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致,和最邻近的主语保持一致,Either the shirts or the sweater,is,a good buy.,Not only the students but also their teacher,is,enjoying the film.,H,ere,are,the,two pencils and a pen,for you,.,There,stands,the temple.,就,远,原,则,当主语后有介词,with,together/along,with,including,like,but,except,other,than,rather than,和,as well as,+等名词,短语,时，谓语动词,应和前面的主语在,人称和数上保持一致。,The teacher,as well as the,students,was,excited at the,news.,听到这个消息，老师和学生们,都很激动。,Nobody,except my parents,knows,anything about it.,除了我父母之外，没有人知道,这事。,意,义,一,致,原,则,由连词and连接的并列,成分指的是同一概念，,兼具身份或匹配出现,。,此时名词前往往,仅有一个冠词,no/,each/every/many a,+,单,数名词+and+no/each/every/many a+,单数名词,one/every one/each/,either/the number,+of+,复数名词,单数,The,poet and writer,has,come.,The poet and the write,have,come.,Each boy and each girl,has,an apple.,Many a student,is,from the countryside,The,number of students,from the north,is,small.,意,义,一,致,原,则,clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equipment,luggage,等无生命的集,体名词,以,-s,结尾的表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称的词,表示时间、重量、距离、价格、金钱、体积等的复数名词表达一个整体概念,单数,Clothing,is,badly needed,in this flooded area.,The equipment of this house,is,really bad.,Politics,is,often a topic for discussion.,Ten,years,is,a moment in,the long,history.,意,义,一,致,原,则,由,every-,any-,some-,no-,和,-one,-thing,-body,等所构成的不定代词,动词,-ing,形式、动词,不定式和名词性从句,单数,Is,everybody here,today?,Persuading him to,join us,seems,really,hard.,Whatever left,was,taken away.,意,义,一,致,原,则,由,and,，both.and.,连接的两个并列成分,如名词、代词、,动词不定式、动名词短语或从句等,表示两个不同的概念,people,police,cattle,等有生命的集体名词,复数,1.,A poet and a writer,have,come.,2.What I saw and what I heard,are,the same.,1.Most,People,read,for pleasure during their spare time.,2.A lot of cattle,are,eating grass on the hill.,意,义,一,致,原,则,一些常用作复数或只有复数形式的名，如,compasses,，,goods,scissor,s,stairs,arms等,山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以,-s,结尾的专有名词,复数,The goods,in the shop,are,sold out.,The Olympic Games,are,held once every four years.,意,义,一,致,原,则,a number of/quantities of/+,名词,one or two,复数,Great quantities of fish,were,caught that day.,意,义,一,致,原,则,集体名词,class,family,army,team,club,population,company,minority,，,enemy,party,crowd,crew,audience,public,government,majority,group,等强调,整体,谓语用,单数,，,指,个体成员,谓语用,复数,Our family,has,a reunion,团聚,every,year.,His family,are,waiting for him.,单复数同形的名词，,如,means,works,deer,fish,sheep,等,Every means,has,been tried.,All possible,means,have,been,tried.,单,复,数,视,情,况,而,定,意,义,一,致,原,则,all,none,some,any,等,不定代词作主语，根,据其,指代的内容,而定,All,is,going on very,well.,All,are,present,besides the,professor.,“,half/,most/,enough/,part/,the rest/,the last/lots/plenty/,分数词,/,百分比,+,of+,名词”,作主语,谓语要和,o,f之后的名词的单复数,保持一致,About one third of,the books,are,worth,reading.,Only 60 percent of,the work,has,been,done yesterday.,单,复,数,视,情,况,而,定,1.,What we want most at present _a lot of money.,2.It is Jim who,_,(enjoy)chatting on the Internet.,3.,A number of students_(be)my friends.,The number of students _(be)2,000.,4.,Th,ese,pair,s,of trousers,_(belong)to Jim,.,5.,In the south of the town _(stand)a,n ancient temple,.,Now _(come)your turn.,6.,Q,uantities of good earth,being,washed away each year.,are,are,is,stands,comes,三、合作探究，,从中归纳出主谓一致的特殊情况,is,enjoys,belong,2.,在定语从句中，关系,代词作主语，其谓语动,词的数和先行词保持一,致，但“,one of+,复数名,词”后面的定语从句的谓,语动词用复数，而在,“,the(only/very)one of+,复数名词”后面所接的定,语从句中，谓语动词却,用单数。,特,别,提,醒,He is one of the students,who,have,taken part in,the activity.,他是参加过这个活动的学,生之一。,He is the only one of the,students who,has,taken,part in the activity.,他是惟一参加过这个活动,的学生。,特,别,提,醒,3,.,由两部分构成的表示物体,的名词，如,trousers,glasses,clothes,scissors(剪刀),compasse,s(圆规),等作主语时，,谓语动词常用复数,，,但是如果这类名词前,用了,a pair of/,a set of/,a kind of,来修饰时，,谓语动,词在数上要与,pair,/set/kind,保持一致。,These trousers,need,cleaning.,这些,裤子需要洗。,This pair of,trousers,is,mine.,这,条裤子是我的。,特,别,提,醒,1.what,和,whatever,引导主语从句时谓语动词的单复数根据从句所表达的意义上的数确定;再者可以,视其后面的表语的单复数,而定,What he says and does,do,not agree.,他言行不一。,What he says and,does,does,not concern me.,他的言行与我无关。,3.What we have now,are,just some hard-working helpers帮手.,特,别,提,醒,4,.,a quantity of/quantities of,后既可接可数名词复数，,也可接不可数,名词,其,谓语,动词视quantity 单复数,而定。,With more forests being destroyed,a large quantity of good earth,is,being washed away each year.,=,With more forests being,destroyed,quantities of good earth,are,being,washed away each year.,随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，每年,有大量的优质泥土被冲刷走了。,特,别,提,醒,5,.,a number of+复数名词,用复数谓语；the number of+复数名词，用单数谓语,6.在here/there/in/out/,up/down等副词，表方位的介词短语以及作表语的分词用于句首的完全倒装句中，谓语动词跟后面的主语一致。,1.A number of students,have joined,clubs in our school.,我们学校的很多学生都加入了社团。,2.There,stands,a tall tree in front of the